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Imprints of history in post-agricultural forests
Vojta, Jaroslav ; Suchara, Ivan (advisor) ; Honnay, Olivier (referee) ; Tichý, Lubomír (referee)
IMPRINTS OF HISTORY IN POST-AGRICULTURAL FORESTS Ph.D. Thesis Jaroslav Vojta Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science Praha, 2010 Promotor: Ivan Suchara List of original papers I. Relative importance of historical and natural factors influencing vegetation of secondary forests in abandoned villages (Jaroslav Vojta - Preslia 79: 223-244) II. Land use legacies in post-agricultural forests in the Doupovské Mountains, Czech Republic (Martin Kopecký & Jaroslav Vojta - Applied Vegetation Science 12: 251-260) III. Woody vegetation continuity, topography, and distance to ancient forests have complex effects on the vegetation and species richness of abandoned pastures (Lucie Drhovská & Jaroslav Vojta - submitted) 1 Introduction Land use changes have had a profound effect on vegetation cover. Often, succession results in the recovery of forests on former agricultural land. As areas of post-agricultural forests become increasingly prominent in landscapes of developed countries, these processes have attracted the attention of ecologists. Many questions have arisen regarding the possibility of restoring original forest communities on former agricultural lands (Flinn and Vellend, 2005; Hermy and Verheyen, 2007). At the same time, current and past land use changes could be seen as "natural experiments" that could...
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Sight translation - speaking versus writing
Hradecká, Emma ; Rejšková, Jana (referee) ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor)
ln this thesis we addressed tbe subject of sight translation. This special type of interpreting is often not given adequate academic attention even though it can be considered one of tbe most di:fficult exercises due to its dichotomie character. Sight translation is Dot mere transfer from one language to another, it is also transfer from written mode to oral mode. Tbe most important characteristics, as well as the largest area of differentiation ... of written and oral texts is syntax. Therefore, we centred our research on this issue. Dur research is qua1itative, with no hypothesis. We merely describe tbe situation in sight translation from English into Czech. We chose non-participant observation as tbe method of our research, thus decreasing tbe number of variables. Tbe ohservation took place from January 2006 to Seplember 2007 during Stale Final Exams al the Department of Translation Studies af tbe Charles University in Prague. AH students specialized in interpreting. The empirical material consists of 13 origina1 texts and 13 interpreters' renditions. In tbe theoretical part of our tbesis we briefly characterise sight translation, drawing mainly on tbe doctoral thesis of Jimenez-Ivars (1999). Then we discuss tbe translatological aspects of tbe difIerence between written and oral texts, quoting Shlesinger...
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Characterization of Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Defects Using DNA Microarrays
Čížková, Alena ; Kmoch, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kováč, Ladislav (referee) ; Červinková, Zuzana (referee)
A mitochondrion is a organelle under nuclear and mitochondrial genetic control and its maintence requires a nucleo-mitochnodrial cross-talk. Better understanding of mitochondrial pahologies using various gene expression techniques. This thesis presents the implementation and application of microarray technology for identification of disease causing genes in respiratory chain disorders, expecially in patients with ATP synthase deficiency of nuclear origin. The introduction to this thesis provides an overview of mitochondrial structure and biogenesis, respiratory chain complexes and their disorders as well as different types of microarrays. A study of mitochondrial ATP synthase deficiency represents the major experimental part of this thesis and is accordingly that were used in further studies centered on characterization of inherited metabolic disorders. This is documented in positional cloning of patientes with lysosomal storage disorders - mucopolysaccharidosis IIIC.
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Raising claims in insolvency proceedings
Kadlec, David ; Zoulík, František (referee) ; Smolík, Petr (advisor)
Raising claims in insolvency proceedings Quality insolvency law of economic entities is in addition to civil and commercial law one of the pillars of a developed market economy. In case the insolvency law allows relatively simple application of claims and is a guarantee of the recovery of substantial amount, it can positively influence business environment as well as enhance legal certainty of legal relations. In this area, Czech Republic with its previous legislation represented by Act No. 328/1991 Coll., on Bankruptcy and Settlement despite its numerous amendments, lagged behind its neighboring countries like Slovak Republic e.g., where this rule has been replaced by Act No. 7 / 2005 Coll., on Bankruptcy and Restructuring already since July 1st 2005. Important change came with the Act No. 182/2006 Coll., on Insolvency and Methods of its Solution, which is a complex recodification effective from January 1st 2008. Besides the overall modernization its primary aim was to relieve the shortcomings of prior legal form that have been visible mainly in very weak position of creditors in the proceedings, its slowness and low level of satisfaction of creditors' claims. The effectiveness of the new rules and their targets have been largely achieved after almost two years. The influence of creditors asserting their...
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Property relations between spouses; a comparison of Czech and Austrian legislation
Maturová, Magdaléna ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
57 už přímo, nebo analogicky. V právní praxi převládá názor, že se rozvodem manželské smlouvy ruší s účinky ex nunc57 . Rozvádějící se manželé se buď dohodnou na rozdělení jejich společného majetku, pokud se jim však nepodaří takovou dohodu uzavřít, musí rozhodnout soud. V Rakousku se v rozvodovém právu uplatňuje princip zjišťování viny na rozpadu manželství, což se promítá i do uspořádání majetkových vztahů mezi rozvádějícími se manžely. Pokud není rozpadem manželství vinen ani jeden z nich, platí, že byla manželská smlouva zrušena. To má za následek, že každý z bývalých manželů obdrží z majetkové masy to, co do ní vnesl, včetně toho, oč se v manželství tento majetek zvětšil. Pokud však jeden z manželů nese na rozvratu manželství vinu, má druhý z nich možnost volby postupu při vypořádání. V podstatě může dojít ke dvěma základním situacím, a to buď ke zrušení manželské smlouvy nebo se postupuje jako v případě smrti. Pokud se manžel rozhodne pro variantu postupu jako v případě smrti, dělí se majetek v zásadě na dva stejné podíly. 6. Závěr Na první pohled by se mohlo zdát, že přístupy českého a rakouského práva k úpravě majetkových vztahů mezi manžely jsou od sebe tak odlišné, že nemají téměř nic společného. Na české straně stojí společné jmění ex lege, v zákonem stanoveném rozsahu, na straně rakouské naopak...
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Determination of pharmaceuticaly important substances using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry detection
Barrett, Blanka ; Jelínek, Ivan (advisor) ; Feltl, Ladislav (referee) ; Cvačka, Josef (referee)
L, L- L. l_ t__ L- INTRoDacrtoN High peďommce liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most common method used in commercial malÍlcal laboratories. HPLC in combination with Mss speďIometry (MS) is frequmtly used for the detemination of drugs in hmm plasma md it belongs to gÍoup of methods that enable new md modem modifications. That is why following new trmds, which broadm the field of application of these methods. is so importmt. HPLC with Ms detection (HPLc-Ms) satisfy demmd for automation of detemination of smples from complex matrixes, which lead to elimination of humm enor, decreme of *penditure of maly,tical process md finally hildling potentially dmgerous smples by laboratory stďl Hrghly sensitive methods that do not require time consuming smple pre-teatment ue desired for phmacokinetic (PK) studies. Double MS (Ms/Ms) detection provides drugs identification md hgh sensitivity fol qumtitative detemination- It effectively eliminates inteďerences from endogenous impurities md guďmtees method selectivity at the sme time- Phmacokinetic (PK) studies detemine phmacokinetic chďactgistics of particulr drug that ile thm used to assess the bioequivalence of detemined drug vqsus othď chosm dÍug of the same nafurc' The PK paÍmetqs ďe calculated from the plmma concentrations of the drug detmined by a validated method'...
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Application of Value Added Tax in Association without Legal Personality
Juračková, Petra ; Svátková, Slavomíra (advisor) ; Benda, Václav (referee)
The theme of this diploma thesis is "Application of Value Added Tax (VAT) in Association without Legal Personality". The thesis focuses on such type of association that is mainly used by entrepreneurs-individuals for the purposes of their consistent gainful activity. This type of association is the most common in practice. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is theoretical and provides with a general view of the legal frame of the association without legal personality under the Civil Code which represents the main basis for the application of the Law of VAT. Association participants who have the status of VAT taxpayers are obliged to observe general VAT rules, but there are some exceptions. The second chapter of the thesis is dealing with the analysis of legal regulations of the association without legal personality governed by the Law of VAT. With regard to the fact that these legal regulations are insufficient, the diploma thesis should offer proposals for making them better. So that the legal certainty of association participants could become higher.
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Treatment of Deep Chondral Defects with Autologous Chondrocytes
Podškubka, Aleš ; Koudela, Karel (advisor) ; Karpaš, Karel (referee) ; Musiálek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Vavřík, Pavel (referee)
Treatment of Deep Chondral Defects in the Knee with Autologous Chondrocytes Fixed on a Scaffold Form of Hyaluronic Acid Esters (Hyalograft C) Abstract Aim of the study In the past few years we have seen further progress in the treatment of chondral defects by transplanting autologous chondrocytes. Different biomaterials are used as temporary carriers for fixation and an even distribution of chondrocytes in the defects. Since 2003 we have implemented a clinical trial for the treatment of deep chondral defects in the knee by transplanting autologous chondrocytes fixed in a scaffold from hyaluronic acid esters (Hyalograft C). This material has been evaluated in a prospective study. Material We evaluated results in 8 transplanted patients (7 males and 1 female, average age 31 years) with a minimal follow up of 9 months after surgery. Defects of an average size of 3,9 cm2 were localized on femoral condyles. Method We evaluated the functional outcomes (IKDC, K.OOS, Lysholm score) and performed MRI before and 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. The newly formed cartilage was controlled visually (ICRS visual score) during a second-look arthroscopy at 9 to 12 months after transplantation. We compared the stiffness of the repair tissue at the site of the original defect with the surrounding cartilage using a specially...
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The amendment to Act no. 110/1997 on food, new rules on food labeling and compliance with these rules
Steklý, Jaroslav ; Kadlecová, Eva (advisor) ; Pavla, Pavla (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of food labelling, which is a topic that touches each of us. This topic is very broad and even when it is no longer effective amendment to the act on food no. 139/2014, it is very difficult for consumers in all the laws of the Czech Republic and EU regulations to navigate. The content of this theses does not and cannot be the task of this issue is completely clarified, but it aims to orientate in the basic law on foodstuffs no. 110/1997 Coll. amended by act no. 139/2014 and some other decrees and relevant regulations of the EC that directly affect food labelling. The practical part examines consumers' knowledge about food labeling, their interest in the information provided on labels and on compliance labeling frozen fish.
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