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Aristotle's theory of cause
Bis, Ondřej ; Thein, Karel (advisor) ; Jinek, Jakub (referee)
Aristotle's theory of cause being a broad topic, this bachelor thesis focuses on Aristotle's theoretical treatment of causes in Physics II. It undertakes a detailed analysis of its most important chapters (II, 3 a II, 7) and deals particularly with division of causes into four types. It also included the topic of causal modes. Equally, it deals with the repercussions of the theory for the work of a natural scientist, which follow from the division into four types of a cause. Aristotle's attitude to the job of a natural scientist is that all four causes are to be demonstrated to make knowledge complete. The thesis also deals with the status of causes in general and inquires both into the meaning of causes as real and constitutive factors of reality and the role of causes as explanatory factors. Among questions relating to the explanatory function of causes is a consideration whether it is not just a linguistic analysis. Another question is the foundation of the theory of four causes. In the core chapter of the thesis are separately analysed four causes in their mutual relations. Analysis demonstrates causal interdependence resulting in recognition of causal unity. That is why the aspect of unity is next followed showing first the unity of non-material causes. Efficient and final causes form unity...
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Reality as Self, Thing and Their Relation
Jahoda, Lukáš ; Hill, James (advisor) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee)
The meaning of this work is to grasp the development of early-modern philosophy into "modern" philosophy on the basis of the subject-object issue, which is considered and demonstrated as ontologically entirely fundamental. The expression of this development is illustrated for reason of deeper clarification of the sense and meaning of modern philosophy. The ontology of early-modern philosophy is essentially determined through the categories of subject and object, self and thing. The most universal nature of this ontology is based on object of reality fixation which is self, thing, or both. The notions of self and thing are in this work introduced in their totality through the extreme positions of two early-modern philosophers. The demonstration of the extreme philosophy of the subject is Berkeley. The demonstration of the extreme philosophy of the object is Spinoza. On the basis of explication of their ontology is explicated the universal nature of early-modern ontology. The end of early-modern ontology and its transition into "modern" ontology happens through the reconstruction of the subject-object figure. The author of this reconstruction is Hegel. Reality is now placed neither into the subject neither into the object, but into their mutual relation.
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Human Nature by Benedict de Spinoza
Haiklová, Markéta ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Hill, James (referee)
This paper consists of more parts. Firstly, it includes a theoretical introduction on Spinoza's concept of substance, substantial attributes and modes of extension and thought. The theoretical introduction serves as a background for the following examination of human nature in Spinoza's Ethics. In the chapters concerning human nature, which are introduced by chapters on intellect, imagination, memory and three different kinds of knowledge, our idea of "double nature" is presented. This characteristic of nature is deductible from the concept of adequate and inadequate knowledge and it becomes a presupposition for our further interpretation, which deals with the problem of parallelism/dualism of modes of extension and thought. This topic is treated in part V of Ethics where also the question of destruction of human body and the eternal part of mind is discussed.
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Automated Exam Generation System
Kapusta, Vlastimil ; Šátek, Václav (referee) ; Barabas, Maroš (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis describes graphic design, used technology and implementation of the automated exam generation system. As the implementation language was chosen Java programming language. This thesis deals with usage of the Swing GUI component library and with using Insubstantial and SwingX libraries which extend the Swing library. Important part of this thesis is connecting Java and document preparation system LaTeX. Result is an application that allows creating exams. It is also possible to store and load unfinished exams and export them into tex or pdf format.
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Determination of chlorides in pharmaceutical substances
Čutová, Michaela ; Pharm.Dr.Tomáš Schenk (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor work is a validation of the method for „Determination of chlorides in pharmaceutical substance“ is made in a form of validation of an analythical method. This titration method with potentiometric indication was developed in a company Sicor and it is used for determination of the residual chlorides volume in the substance called Pemetrexed. Validation is a process which assess suitability of a given analythic system for gaining relevant data (results). Validation constists of four tests: precision, reproducibility, lineraity and test of solution stability, although the test of reproducibility was realized in other laboratory (QC). For determnination of the chlorides was applyed titrator 716 DMS Titrino with argent combined electrode. For a data evaluation were used software tiamo 1.1 and MS Excel.
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Motivation of starting a substitute treatment by drug-addicts
KRIŠKOVÁ, Tereza
In the past yearstheformofsubstitutetreatmentfortreatmentofopiateaddiction has beenspread more and more. This thesis concentrates on thetaking-up motivationof such treatment and thethemeisdealtwithfromthe point of bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model oforigin, development and upkeepofaddiction. Thetheoretical part isdividedintofiveindividualchapters. In thefirstone, the term drugisdefined, problematicdrugtakingismentioned and a briefcharacterizationofdrugsisprovided. The second chapteraimsatopiates and opiods. Theirpracticalapplication, sorting and somaticeffects are describedhere. Opium, morfine and heroin are closelyintroduced in shortunderchapters. Thethirdchapterdealswith bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model ofaddiction, thereaders are closelyintroduced to theindividuallevelsofthis model. Then a free switch to thethemeofmotivationcomes and motivation as such ismentioned as well as otherfactorswhich play roles in thisprocesstogetherwithmotives and needsplaying a big role in motivation. Thefollowingunderchapteriscalleddrug-addiction as the source ofmotivation and craving and threefactorswhichexplainwhyaddictivematerials are, more thanotherincentives,able to evokeaddiction, are described. In the last underchaptermotivationtraining, orthechanges in motivationwith as well as withouttheprofessionalhelp, iscloselyintroduced. Thefourthchapterdealswith substitute treatment as oneoftheformsofmedical care fortheopiodaddicts. Firstly, a shortdefinitionisprovided and then in thefollowingchapterstheaims are lookedat. Theprimaryaimistheimprovementofsomatic, psychic and socioeconomicsituationof a client. Thetargetgroupisdescribed in thetermsofwhocanget such treatment and whodecidesaboutit. Thehistoryofsubstitutetreatmentismentioned, fromthefirstnoticesaboutthistreatment in the Czech Republic up to today. Thefifthchapterdescribesthepharmacologicalcomponentofthe substitute treatment. Metadon as oneofthepossibilitiesofsubstitutematerialsisintroduced to thereader as well as buprenorfin, orratherthetwopillscontaining buprenorfin, Subutex a Subuxone. Theresultsofmyresearch are presented in thepractical part. Theaimofthe thesis is to findout and describethesystemofmotiveswhichleadthedrugaddicts to determination to undergo a substitute treatment in theharmonywiththe bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model oforigin, development and upkeepofaddiction. Theresultsofthisbachelor thesis canbe a source ofinformationforsocialworkersworking in contactcentersbecauseitisherewherethework on client'smotivationusuallystarts. The thesis candefinitely serve to theprofessionalorlaical public interested in thisfield. A biggerinterestofworkwithdrugaddicts on alllevelsofthe bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model canleadfrom my work, especiallyforthetherapistsofsubstitutecenterswhoshouldwork on the spirituality oftheirclients.
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Modifications of Profit in Classical Balance Theories
Balek, Luboš ; Janhuba, Miloslav (advisor) ; Pakšiová, Renáta (referee)
The master's thesis focuses on the accounting concept of profit or loss. In the first part, the contemporary approach to the issue from both theoretical and practical point of view is described with the main focus on the determination of the distributable profit. The capital maintenance and value measurement are also dealt with for this purpose. Following the theoretical basics laid down in the previous part, the main approaches of classical balance theories are explained and their advantages and disadvantages pointed out in relation to their possible use in practice. The thesis contains illustrative examples and ends with a draft of a usable methodology based on the various concepts described in the text.
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Historical evolution view on the substance of the light
ANDERL, Jan
The principle of the seminar work is to create the skilled text which could be used such as educational material for other students to they can better understand to the evolution of opinions on the substance of the light. The work is composed from the five parts. Each part is enplaining the view of the scientists on the substance of the light from the certain period. The first part is connected to the era of the antiquity {--} the period of the first contentions about the substance of the light. The second part is intent on the era from the fifth century (Optical theory) to the nineteen century (Young theory ). The third part refers to the 20th century. The fourth part apply to the present, to the newest researches and work in the sphere of the light. The fifth part is created by the biographies of the most meaningful people who have been working on the question about the substance of the light.
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