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Pupil's personality and solving problems of school mathematics by heuristic strategies
Škutová, Markéta ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Pilous, Derek (referee)
Title: Pupil's personality and solving problems of school Mathematics by heuristic strategies Author: Mgr. Markéta Škutová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Jarmila Novotná, CSc This thesis deals with the relationship between the type of pupil's personality in the dimension of information reception and their ways of solving problems of school Mathematics with the use of heuristic strategies at the lower secondary education of basic school and in the corresponding years of grammar schools. The theoretical part summarizes the knowledge of heuristic strategies in the teaching of mathematics at the lower secondary education of basic school and their application on examples. Furthermore, the theoretical basis of type theory and its use in education is explained. In the practical part the results of the typological questionnaire are presented and an extensive qualitative analysis of the student's problem solving is offered. The resulting findings are supported by concrete examples of students' solutions. In this diploma thesis, there is evidence that the intuitive pupils use the heuristic strategies of problem solving more often than the sensory pupils and are more successful in solving non-traditional tasks. Keywords: heuristic strategies, MBTI, type theory, problem solving
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High school students' interpretation of a graph from mechanics observed by the eye-tracking method
Vondráčková, Terézia ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Snětinová, Marie (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the solution of tasks monitored by the eye-tracker. We were examining high school students who solved 6 tasks focused on the interpretation of a graph in mechanics. They were monitored by the eye-tracker during their solving of the tasks. Based on their recorder eyes' position we can figure out their strategies of solution. We identified several typical misconceptions when working with graphs and typical students' approaches to the graph interpretation. Information about this topic can be useful, for example, to teachers for their future teaching.
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Demonstrational Program for IZU Course
Hreha, Tomáš ; Šůstek, Martin (referee) ; Zbořil, František (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the design of application for visualization of fundamental algorithms of artificial intelligence. The first part describes theoretical part of implemented topics and methods, next part briefly describes used technologies, reasons why they were used and their practical usage in context of result application. The next part is dedicated to user interface, its main components and describes ways how application interacts with user and how user can interact with application. The last part contains comparison with original demo applications and summarize results of application testing.
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Creating algorithmic tasks in a 3D microworld Kodu
REINDL, Patrik
This thesis will focus on applying algorithmic tasks reshapes the microworld in 3D code. The Aim of thesis is develop logical thinking in children at primary school level, while effectively teach children the basics of programming . Further work is intended to describe all the options that can be in 3D Kodu to create . How to create a microcosm , as well as to create jobs in a given environment, familiarity with the programming language that is in the environment Kodu applies and which devices these " games " can be applied . Work should therefore help other users with both the program work .Since all instructions and manuals regarding environmental Kodu are in English, will this work for the benefit of Czech users and will be able to create their own microuniverses and apply it according to their needs.
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Research on Strategies Students Use when Solving Problem Tasks
Koreneková, Kateřina ; Rusek, Martin (advisor) ; Bílek, Martin (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the identification of strategies, which are used by lower-secondary school students when solving problem tasks in chemistry. The strategies were identified during talks with ninth-grade students. The talks conducted by using the Think-aloud method were connected with solution of selected problem tasks. The ascertained strategies were classified as expansive strategies (such strategy can be used to solve more types of problems) and limiting strategies (such strategy can be used to solve easy task, but they can fail when solving more difficult tasks). Furthermore, reader's strategies, which help students to understand the tasks were separately identified. Also, other problems that students had to face when solving the tasks were identified. To identify problematic elements a collection of problem tasks named Metodické komentáře a úlohy ke standardům pro základní vzdělávání - chemie (Methodical comments and tasks for educational standards for elementary education - chemistry) were used. The results showed that when students solved the tasks, which were larger and more difficult, they often used reading strategies, which consist in multiple reading and reading aloud. Some of the expansive strategies the students used consisted in analogous deducing and logical reasoning....
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Solving of physics problems - development of particular skills
Homolová, Lenka ; Snětinová, Marie (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Irena (referee)
The aim of this work was to prepare activities and identify suitable physics problems that focus on students' abilities to solve physics problems and should help them develop their physical thinking. Four activities are described in this thesis. A teacher's methodical sheet that describes the activity and includes information about the type of developed problem solving skill as well as a worksheet with problems and solution of the worksheet were created for each activity. All worksheets were tested at upper secondary schools. The aim of the research was to find out if teachers and students consider the prepared activities, or more precisely the worksheets, as useful and usable. For the purposes of this research, a case study was chosen as a research method, in which participant observations and structured interviews with students and teachers were the main data for collection sources.
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Quantitative physics tasks - solution process
Kučerová, Marie ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Houfková, Jitka (referee)
Solving of quantitative physics tasks makes out a considerable part of physics education. The goal of this work is to decide, whether the methods described in literature correspond in any way with the methods chosen by the students and teachers. For a better understanding of difference between two examined methods, eight physics task along with their detailed solution in term of both methods are presented in this work. The solution of seven high school students and eleven teachers with different length of teaching experience was examined. On the basis of this examination, the author came to conclusion that methods used by students and teachers when solving the given tasks correspond to those described in literature.
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Solving of problems dealing with volume and surface in the three-dimensional space by 15-16-year old pupils (9th grade)
Dlouhá, Michaela ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
The topic of my diploma thesis is the solution to exercises of volume and surface of 3D solids. The aim of the thesis is to make own didactic test and to analyse the methods of solution to math exercises in the 9th grade students of ZŠ Amálská. Also to compare the results of the tests in math and science orientated class to "normal1 " class and to find out the success rate of solutions in both classes. I focused only on pyramid and cone, because they are part of curriculum in 9th grade of basic schools after students are admitted to high schools, and after examination of educational programme of chosen school I realised that both classes had the same outputs of given schoolwork. I divided my thesis into two parts - theoretical and practical part. Theoretical part contains five chapters. In the first chapter I focus on didactic tests and their making. In the next chapter I deal with evaluation in general and school evaluation. In the third part there is the term of word exercise defined. In the fourth chapter there are solutions to the word exercises. And in the last chapter I define the term geometrical solid. In the practical part there are the aims and methods of survey, characteristic of research sample, making of didactic test, content of didactic test and analysis of students' solutions...
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Adaptation of behavior of non-dying agents
Satmári, István ; Trunda, Otakar (advisor) ; Holan, Tomáš (referee)
The task of the bachelor thesis is to design and implement an application allowing a simulation of simple non-dying agents on a two-dimensional space. The agents are controlled by their own algorithm and their behavior is adaptive. The application's aim is flexibility and it allows a user to model a great amount of situations. Another part of the task was to conduct a few tests with the application and to describe the results.
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