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Horizontal driven roller conveyor
Viktora, Luboš ; Malášek, Jiří (referee) ; Kašpárek, Jaroslav (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the horizontal driven roller conveyor. The thesis includes the calculation of the roller track including active resistance, the choice of engine, transmission design, roller design and its control, frame design and its control. Based on calculations, 3D model designed in a CAD system Autodesk Inventor and drawings are developed.
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Attitude of nurses to barrier nursing care on department of Infectious Diseases and on other departments of Internal Medicine
MOTLOVÁ, Anna
This bachelor's thesis deals with the nurses' approach to the barrier nursing care in the isolation ward and in other wards of internal type. The barrier nursing care is a system of work and organization measures which prevents the creation of nosocomial infections and the transmission of pathogenic germs in hospitals or social facilities. The nosocomial infection is an infection occurred in the direct connection with the patient's stay in the relevant facility. The barrier nursing method is a preventive measure which protects the sensitive individuals from the formation of the nosocomial infection. This method has to be respected by every medical worker without regard to the ward type. The most frequently occurring disease caused in connection with the stay in a hospital facility is the MRS A infection or the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The barrier care is a complex of many methods including the sterilization, isolation of infectious patients, personal treatment of the staff, treating of the diseases of the medical staff, hygienic hand wash and the following hand disinfection. In the internal type ward, patients with diseases of internal organs are hospitalized. This ward type counts among the most basic wards of a hospital facility. The isolation ward is very specific because here, the patients with an infection disease or with a justified suspicion of such a disease are hospitalized. This implies that in the isolation ward the barrier care has to be respected more strictly. In the research part of the thesis, two objectives were determined: Detection of the nurses' approach to the barrier nursing care in the isolation ward and other internal type wards. Monitoring of nurses' knowledge and skills in the field of the barrier nursing care in the isolation ward and other internal type wards. On the basis of the mentioned objectives of the thesis, following research questions were set: How is the nurses' approach to the barrier nursing care in the isolation ward and the internal type ward? Are there any differences between the knowledge of the nurses in the isolation ward and in other internal type wards? Are there any differences between the skills of the nurses in the isolation ward and in other internal type wards? From the research survey follows that the knowledge and skills of nurses in the isolation ward and nurses in other internal type wards are not absolutely identical. From the research followed that the nurses' approach to barrier nursing is more effective in the isolation ward. Further, it was found out that the answers from a part of the respondents don't completely correspond with the data found out during the participating hidden observation. While the answers of the nurses from the internal ward nearly complied to the desirable providing of barrier nursing, during the observation was found out that the theoretical knowledge is not corresponding with the real practice in the form of practical skills. The results of the thesis can serve as a basis for teaching of nursing subjects or as a contribution to expert courses, tutorials or conferences dealing with this topic. Further, the results will be offered to expert periodicals where we would like to give to the expert and also general public a notice about the importance of providing of an effective barrier nursing care and contribute to paying more attention to this topic in all wards of health facilities.
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Nursing care of a patient with multi-resistant strains
ZAJÍCOVÁ, Lucie
Occurrence of bacterial resistance appeared already five years after the antibiotics had been introduced in practice. Currently the occurrence of resistant or multiresistant strains is increasing. It is therefore highly important to adhere to barrier nursing techniques for clients colonized or infected with multiresistant strains. The risk of transmission of infection between patients and also between the medical staff is thus minimized. However, many of the nursing staff have not fully realized the importance of adhering to the barrier nursing care. A quantitative research by means of anonymous questionnaires was applied to collect the data. The research survey was carried out in the specialized departments of Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. (The Hospital of České Budějovice). The following information was checked: identification data, the awareness of the nursing staff concerning the barrier care and the possibilities of the nursing staff to adhere to this care in practice when nursing clients suffering from multiresistant strains. 139 questionnaires have been distributed from which 110 (100%) have been included in the research. In the bachelor thesis the awareness of the nursing staff concerning the barrier nursing care and the possibility to adhere effectively to this kind of care for nursing clients suffering from multiresistant strains has been investigated, which was also stated in the aims of the paper (there were three of them), which were confirmed by the results of the research. Three hypotheses were set. The first one was to prove that the nursing staff adhere to the barrier nursing care for patients suffering from multiresistant strains, which was confirmed. The second one was to prove, that the nursing staff have enough aids to adhere to barrier care for patients suffering from multiresistant strains. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The third one was to prove that the nursing staff are acquainted with principles of barrier nursing technique as prevention of transmission of multiresistant strains, which was also confirmed. In general it can be stated that although the nursing staff are over strained in their work physically and psychically due to evident lack of nursing staff in all departments, the awareness and adherence to barrier nursing care and thus the minimizing the risk of transmission of resistant or multiresistant strains is evident. The research has shown that in spite of problems the nursing staff is to handle daily, the adherence to barrier nursing technique is important for them. The awareness in this field is on a very satisfactory level, as well as material equipment and aids necessary to adherence to barrier care. There is also a tendency from the part of the superiors to inform on topical subjects in nursing care for clients suffering from multiresitant strains in regular seminars organized within the hospital. The adherence to barrier nursing care is an essential part of care for clients suffering from multiresistant strains. The results of the paper shall be used to inform medical staff on this issue to make a positive impact on opinions of medical staff on adhering to barrier nursing care to prevent transmission of multiresistant strains.
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Molecular-biological characterization of Potato virus M and Potato leafroll virus
Vaculík, Petr ; Čeřovská, Noemi (advisor) ; Fousek, Jan (referee)
The main aims of diploma thesis were: 1) The sequence analysis of the Czech isolate of Potato virus M (PVM) VIRUBRA 4/009 and phylogenetic analysis of PVM coat proteins sequences 2) The bacterial expression of recombinant triple gene block protein 1 (TGB1) of PVM derived from the Czech isolate VIRUBRA 4/007 3) The construction of expression cassette of Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) coat protein and its transformation into A. tumefaciens for transgenic PLRV resistant plant formation In theoretical part of the thesis the taxonomic classification, morphology, genomic structure and virus transmission are discussed. Furthermore, the main rules concerning the bacterial expression of recombinant proteins and construction of transgenic plants using A. tumefaciens are described. Methodical part is devoted to description of generally used molecular biological and immunochemical methods. The following results were obtained in the thesis: The complete nucleotide sequences of open reading frames coding for three movement proteins (Triple gene block -TGB), coat protein and NA-binding protein of PVM isolate VIRUBRA 4/009; phylogenetic analysis was performed; the TGB1 protein was expressed in bacterial cells and will be used for polyclonal antibodies raising. Finally, the expression cassette containing the PLRV...
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Alakali-metal-cation homeostasis in pathogenic Candida species
Elicharová, Hana ; Sychrová, Hana (advisor) ; Heidingsfeld, Olga (referee) ; Půta, František (referee)
Several tens of Candida species belong to the opportunistic human pathogens capable of inducing life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. Virulence of single Candida species depends among others on their resistance to the variable external conditions. The maintenance of alkali-metal-cation homeostasis, which means the ability to accumulate sufficient amount of potassium cations and on the other hand to survive under high extracellular concentrations of alkali-metal cations, is essential for growth and virulence of Candida cells. We observed the negative effect of fluconazole (FLC) on salt-tolerance of six Candida species and found that it is independent of the species level of FLC- resistance. FLC hyperpolarizes plasma membrane of Candida cells and therefore increases non-specific uptake of alkali-metal cations which results in strongly increased salt-sensitivity of Candida cells. The FLC-induced hyperpolarization also results in an increased sensitivity of Candida cells to the antifungals which are positively charged and are driven into the cells by the membrane potential. The effect of fluconazole on membrane potential and thus on the uptake of alkali- metal cations into the cell turned our attention to the homeostasis of potassium cations whose high intracellular concentration is...
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Hydrodynamika mozkomíšní tekutiny v páteřním kanálu
Kaczmarská, A. ; Vaněk, P. ; Maršík, František ; Převorovská, Světlana ; Otáhal, S. ; Otáhal, J.
In previous modelling study of the cerebrospinal fluid transportation we have shown that main source of the hydrodynamical resistance and compliance of the craniospinal system is cervical part of the spinal canal. The aim of our present study is the investigation of the influence of the cervical spine degenerative changes on the hydrodynamical parameters of the craniospinal system. The results obtained by using of the numerical model of the cerebrospinal fluid flow show the significant influence of the cervical spine degenerative changes on the hydrodynamics of this system.
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The role of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV and homologous proteases in migration and invasion.
Fejfarová, Edita ; Rösel, Daniel (referee) ; Bušek, Petr (advisor)
Migration and invasion are processes which naturally occur in organism during embryogenesis, immune reactions or wound healing. These processes are very important factors in some serious diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and carcinogenesis. There is no doubt about contribution of proteases in these processes-many of them degrade extracellular matrix and thereby facilitate the movement of cells. While dipeptidylpeptidase-IV cleaves solely two amino acids from N-terminus so it is not considerably involved in ECM degradation. DPPIV and its homologues recognize peptides with proline on penultimate position, which causes resistance to ordinary types of proteases. Substrates of DPPIV and its activity homologues include chemokines implicated in signalling of migration - their cleavage and thus inactivation present DPPIV and DPPIV-like molecules as modulators of cell migration signalling in choriocacinoma, neuroblastoma, on Sézary cells or epithelial cells migrating in response to injury. Another activity of some DPPIV-like proteases is binding to the extracellular matrix proteins, when are helping in the attachment of cells and thus affect the migratory ability of the cells like ovarian cancer cells, prostate cancer cells, melanoma cells or kidney cells. Effects on migration and invasion have also...
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The role of protein kinase C in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and its complications
Marková, Irena ; Novák, František (advisor) ; Zeman, Miroslav (referee) ; Zídková, Jarmila (referee)
18 effects of TZDs are probably due to the remodeling of adipose tissue and increased adiponectin secretion. SUMMARY Studying the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the role of PKC in insulin resistance In HHTg rats, elevated serum triglycerides and FFA were associated with the ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in tissues and reduced insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues. Impaired glucose utilization in the peripheral tissues was associated with the reduced activity of GS in skeletal muscle. Decreased GS activity and glucose utilization in peripheral tissues indicate a possible defect in insulin signal transduction. In line with this, our results show that skeletal muscle IR was associated with the increased activation and translocation of PKC θ. Nutritionally induced obesity of HHTg rats resulted, in many cases, in the further deterioration of metabolic abnormalities associated with IR. We found that PKC θ, in particular, could contribute to the metabolic abnormalities associated with IR and obesity. The age-related increase in IR and deterioration of some parametres of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, were not associated, in HHTg rats, with obesity but with increased serum levels of triglycerides and FFA. The age-related worsening of IR in HHTg rats was accompanied by increased...
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Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci
Svoboda, Jiří ; Petrusek, Adam (advisor) ; Maguire, Ivana (referee) ; Jussila, Japo (referee)
The crayfish plague pathogen, the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, has been decimating populations of European crayfish species for more than 150 years, and is therefore considered one of the 100 worst world's invasive species. A. astaci is highly specialised for a parasitic life, but it can be isolated from moribund crayfish and grown on synthetic media, as it is the case also for several other oomycetes (chapter 7). The life of A. astaci includes three basic forms: mycelium in host's tissues, and the infective units occurring in water, zoospores and cysts. All North American crayfish species tested so far have shown some resistance to A. astaci, i.e., they could carry the infection for long, serving as vectors of the pathogen. Massive sporulation from infected North American crayfish starts when the host is moulting, stressed, or dying (chapter 4). However, I could show in my experiments that some sporulation occurs even from apparently healthy and non-moulting American crayfish hosting A. astaci, so infected North American crayfish must be considered a permanent source of the infection (chapter 4). Five genotype groups of A. astaci have already been distinguished. Strains from a particular genotype group probably share the same original host crayfish species of North American origin. Nevertheless, they can...
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Distance Protection for Parallel and Double-Circuit HV Lines
Muhayimana, Obed ; Wannous, Kinan Hasan Wafaa (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
Chránění paralelních a souběžných vedení je skutečně problematické z důvodů účinku vzájemné indukčnosti vedení v souběhu, odporu poruchy nebo rozložení zpětného proudu poruchy, které zkreslují impedanci jednofázové poruchy „viděné“ distanční ochranou. Proto současné numerické distanční ochrany nabízí kompenzační funkce, které je možno použít pro korekci charakteristik a výpočtu vzdálenosti poruchy pomocí lokátorů její charakteristice s dostatečnou odporovou rezervou a možnosti nastavení odpovídajícího režimu vypnutí. Tato práce se zabývá problémy, kterým čelí lokátor distanční ochrany při měření a výpočtu vzdálenosti místa jednofázové poruchy, a také mapuje současný stav řešení těchto problémů. Na základě výpočtu parametrů zadaného vedení bylo provedeno zhodnocení možných chyb při lokalizaci jednofázové poruchy a navrženo nastavení distanční ochrany určené k jeho chránění včetně nastavení parametrů určených pro kompenzaci výše uvedených negativních jevů. Bylo zjištěno, že zemnící lana a transpozice vedení přispívají k přesnosti lokátorů, protože nejmenší chyba byla zjištěna v transponovaném vedení se zemním lanem.
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