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A systematic overview of the recommended amount of protein in elite sports and its reflection in the vegan diet
Vondrysová, Kristýna ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Coufalová, Klára (referee)
Title: A systematic overview of the recommended amount of protein in elite sports and its reflection in the vegan diet Goals: The aim of this work will be to identify whether there are vegan elite athletes who have participated in national / international competitions in sports such as weightlifting, strongman, powerlifting and placed third. Compare the individual recommendations for the volume of protein in the diet based on the vegan diet, and in this sense compare recommendations for the use of the vegan diet in elite sports. Method: This work is processed in the form of an overview study. The search for analysis was selected using the keywords: vegan elite athletes, vegan nutrition, elite sports nutrition, protein nutrition, strength sports. A total of 1077 studies formed the basis for the narrower selection of a total of 12 suitable studies for mutual comparison. The basic method is meta- analysis. Results: The average recommended values for protein intake are 1.8 ± 0.3 g / kg body weight. A total of 66% of the 12 analyzed studies agreed with the statement that vegan nutrition offers opportunities for the full representation of the protein component in the diet and thus creates the necessary prerequisites for achieving high sports performance. However, careful comprehensive diet design is...
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Effects of single beta-alanine dose on performance at submaximal load
Šimsa, Jáchym ; Sýkora, Karel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Effects of single beta-alanine dose on performance at submaximal load Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of single beta-alanine dose on blood-lactate level in capilary blood and whether it will affect the speed of passing the test. Methods: A double-blinded cross-over study conducted on 16 male students of Military Department at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports of Charles University (mean ± SD: weight 79,31 ± 6,97 kg; height 181,56 ± 6,36 cm; age 21,63 ± 1,45 yrs). The study was performed in Military Sport Centre Pilotů 217/12, 161 00, Prague. Each volunteer underwent two performance tests after consuming either placebo (maltodextrine) or beta-alanine (50 mg/kg). Time needed to complete the test and blood-lactate concentration before and during 5th and 10th minute after completion was measured. Volunteers also filled a short questionnarie regarding subjectively percieved load and side effects, and whether they were administered beta-alanine (BA) or placebo (PLA). For verification of normal distribution were used Q-Q Plots and statistical significance of BA use was determined using student's t-test. Results: Measured lactate concentrations were (mean ± SD; mmol/l) for BA in min 0 = 1,29 ± 0,37; min 5 = 11,48 ± 1,45; min 10 = 10,64 ± 1,76; PLA in min 0...
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Changes in Bone and Mineral Metabolism and the Role of Vitamin D in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Matějek, Tomáš ; Skálová, Sylva (advisor) ; Šumník, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kutílek, Štěpán (referee)
Changes in bone and mineral metabolism and the role of vitamin D in very low birth weight infants. Firstly, the aim of dissertation work was to estimate physiological parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and their relationship with bone metabolism parameters in otherwise healthy preterm newborns with birth weight 1000-1500 g. Secondly, to evaluate vitamin D status in mothers and their very low birth weight infants (VLBW) at birth and at discharge with currently recommended supplementation of vitamin D. Thirdly, to compare clinical outcomes of VLBW infants with 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels ≤ and > 25 nmol/l in umbilical cord blood and finally to evaluate umbilical cord vitamin D as a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. It is a set of prospective observational studies involving immature newborns with birth weight below 1500 g. The parameters of mineral and bone metabolism were analysed in umbilical cord blood and newborn serum and urine during hospitalisation (PTH, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, S-Ca, S-P, ALP, U-Ca, U-P) and in pregnant women before delivery (25-hydroxy vitamin D). Bone mineralization was evaluated by bone densitometry. In a pilot study, from the total 134 examined serum samples for PTH levels the estimated reference range was 1.6 - 9.3 pmol/l. From the...
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Serum concentration of vitamin D in patients with femoral neck fracture
Matoušková, Karolína ; Wenchich, László (advisor) ; Zikán, Vít (referee)
Vitamin D significantly affects metabolism of the bone tissue. It keeps homeostasis of calcium and phosphor and thus contributes to healthier mineralization of bones. Lack of those substances pertains to risk factors for development of osteoporosis and subsequent complications during possible downfalls and fractures. The role of vitamin D in bone disease has been increasing in recent years, but its importance in the early post-fracture period is not yet fully understood. This thesis is a prospective study of metabolism of vitamin D and its metabolites in post-operative stage of patients with femoral neck fractures. It is a basic quantitative research, where received data are analysed. Blood samples obtained from a total of 18 patients, whose blood was taken on the day of surgery and 6 weeks after surgery (± 1 week), were used as material. Resulted values of 25-OH vitamin D increased from 23,02 ± 16,02 nmol/l to 25,75 ± 16,30 nmol/l (diameter ± standard deviation). In contrast, 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D decreased from 76,81 ± 41,84 pmol/l to 55,88 ± 26,34 pmol/l. Statistically significant results at a significance level of p≤0,05 were only observed for parathyroid hormone (PTH), with values decreasing from 6,31 ± 3,95 pmol/l to 3,96 ± 2,25 pmol/l. Vitamin D examinations in our patients showed reduced...
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Effect of selected dietary supplements on the nutritional status of athletes
BOČKOVÁ, Dominika
A modern world brings a various poitns of views and possibilities in human nutrition. This theses is focused on dietary supplements and its using by athletes. Especially it is focused to the athletes for who the sport is essential part of life. The main aim is to chart supplements which are the most commonly used by athletes, to chart their features and functionality, eventualy riskness. Finally the secondary aim is to find out the sense of using them by the subjective view of athletes. What is the real need of using supplements? Is it necessary in in the context of preventing a nutritional deficit? Does it bring any benefits or is it just a marketing movement? Theoretical part is focused to the most using supplements, the legislation and division. Supplements will be analyzed by their functionality and effects. Practical part is focused on athletes for who is using supplements most often - enthusiasts of fitness-bodybuilding and people who often visit gym. The frequency was given by this criterion - it was focused on athletes who have visited the gym several times a week in the last year or longer. Research was conducted by questionnaire and expanded by interview if it was necessary. The questionnaire was distributed in printed version.For realisation was determined a quality research which was attended by ten respondents. All of them operate in sport at amateur level, some of them take part in amateur races, for the rest of them is bodybuilding just a hobby. The questions were asked to find out the way of using of supplements - their frequency and variosity.The research shows the differences between men and women, between profesional athletes and hobby athletes, their knowledge about supplements and the influance of sport enviroment. The athletes were questioned where they found the information about the supplements, how much they invest to buying it and why they using them. For processing purpose was used qualitative analyse of questionnaire. It was discovered that most of respondents do not observe recommended daily dosing, in most of cases was the main reason the recommendation by friend without the consultation with specialist so the athlet did not know what is the real need of nutrition and if the using of supplements is necessary. The most frequently used were the protein drinks and micronutrients - vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C, magnesium and zinc, and omega 3 fatty acids. Theses could be used like an information resource for explanation what is the point of supplement, the sense of using them in connection of main aim of sport effect. In could also give an information for these ones who are interest in sport nutrition and the general public.
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Nutrition in strength sports with a focus on protein intake
Krčová, Daniela ; Chytilová, Eva (advisor) ; Krupičková, Zdislava (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of protein intake in fitness strength sports. Proteins are one of the most important nutrient for strength athletes because muscle mas is made up of about 20% of proteins. Because of athlete's desire for a well-balanced muscular body, they attach proteins a major role and often overstate their significance. Bodybuilding and other strength sports are often associated with extreme protein intake, which can lead to negative health effects (deficiency of some minerals, kidney load, digestive troubles, etc.). The aim of this thesis is to evaluate whether power athletes receive excess, optimum intake or lack of protein according to the current recommendations for sports nutrition. A record sheet for diet intake was used to collect the data. The protein intake of power athletes was calculated in the Nutriservis program and compared with the recommendation according to number of training lessons and the target of the athletes (fat reduction, weight maintenance or muscle growth). The diet of power athletes was also critically evaluated. The results were evaluated by relevant text commentaries and summarized using a graph. The result is that 45% of strength athletes consume excess protein and their intake is higher than 2.0 g protein/kg/day. However, it was also found...
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Effect of selected dietary supplements on the nutritional status of athletes
BOČKOVÁ, Dominika
A modern world brings a various poitns of views and possibilities in human nutrition. This theses is focused on dietary supplements and its using by athletes. Especially it is focused to the athletes for who the sport is essential part of life. The main aim is to chart supplements which are the most commonly used by athletes, to chart their features and functionality, eventualy riskness. Finally the secondary aim is to find out the sense of using them by the subjective view of athletes. What is the real need of using supplements? Is it necessary in in the context of preventing a nutritional deficit? Does it bring any benefits or is it just a marketing movement? Theoretical part is focused to the most using supplements, the legislation and division. Supplements will be analyzed by their functionality and effects. Practical part is focused on athletes for who is using supplements most often - enthusiasts of fitness-bodybuilding and people who often visit gym. The frequency was given by this criterion - it was focused on athletes who have visited the gym several times a week in the last year or longer. Research was conducted by questionnaire and expanded by interview if it was necessary. The questionnaire was distributed in printed version.For realisation was determined a quality research which was attended by ten respondents. All of them operate in sport at amateur level, some of them take part in amateur races, for the rest of them is bodybuilding just a hobby. The questions were asked to find out the way of using of supplements - their frequency and variosity.The research shows the differences between men and women, between profesional athletes and hobby athletes, their knowledge about supplements and the influance of sport enviroment. The athletes were questioned where they found the information about the supplements, how much they invest to buying it and why they using them. For processing purpose was used qualitative analyse of questionnaire. It was discovered that most of respondents do not observe recommended daily dosing, in most of cases was the main reason the recommendation by friend without the consultation with specialist so the athlet did not know what is the real need of nutrition and if the using of supplements is necessary. The most frequently used were the protein drinks and micronutrients - vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C, magnesium and zinc, and omega 3 fatty acids. Theses could be used like an information resource for explanation what is the point of supplement, the sense of using them in connection of main aim of sport effect. In could also give an information for these ones who are interest in sport nutrition and the general public.
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The influence of nitric oxide on the health and performance of humans
Beránková, Aneta ; Chrástková, Martina (advisor) ; Polášková, Marcela (referee)
Title: The influence of nitric oxide on the health and performance Purposes: Create a review about the source of nitric oxide and it influences on man health and human performance. Methods: Review study without any research. It is, therefore, a narrative (qualitative) review of relevant information from which conclusions are drawn without any quantitative manipulation or analysis. Results: Nitrate supplements can really be recommended to athletes as a suitable, allowed way to improve performance. However, in order to avoid unnecessary health problems, it is necessary to keep safe dosing or use purely natural substances. Key words: Nitric oxide, supplementation, sports performance, health, dietary
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Vitamin preparations during pregnancy
Matoušková, Karolína ; Ježková, Jana (advisor) ; Vítková, Hana (referee)
This thesis discusses problems of pregnancy and increased nutrient requirements with a focus on vitamins and minerals. It is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The aim is to identify those vitamins and minerals that may be deficient during pregnancy and thus their intake should be increased. The theoretical part describes the importance of particular elements for the specifics of pregnancy and possible symptoms of deficiency or excess, with the pregnancy orientation. The practical part focuses on the evaluation of selected multivitamin and multi mineral supplements which are intended for pregnant women. The main criterion is to ensure sufficient amounts of vitamins and minerals during the increased demands of pregnancy. Evaluation is done by comparing two parameters - the recommended daily dose for pregnant women and the amount of micronutrients contained in the composition of given products. Content analysis was used as the data collection technique for the basic quantitative research. Finally, it discusses the usefulness of the administration of vitamin supplements during pregnancy, and whether a balanced diet is sufficient enough to meet the needs of the organism even in states where there may be some lack of vitamins and minerals. Key words: pregnancy ; nutrition ; vitamins ;...
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The influence of carnosine and hydroxymethylbutyrate on sports performance in the world literature.
Schöppelová, Lucie ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Haluzíková, Denisa (referee)
Title The influence of carnosine and hydroxymethylbutyrate on sport's performance in the world literature The aim of the work The aim of this bachelor thesis is to clarify influence of carnosine and hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) on sport's performance in the world literature. Methodology Presented thesis is mainly a literature review of the above topic. The data collection was done by meta-analysis of reliable quantitative and qualitative journals and studies where Carnosine and HMB in sports are concerned. Electronic databases PubMed and EBSCO were the main sources of the research. Results Meta-analysis shows, that β-alanine supplementation influences concentrations of muscle carnosine, but it rather not shows its influence on better sport's performance caused by higher level of muscle carnosine. Hence, it is necessary to conduct a few more studies to clarify influence of carnosine supplementation on sport's performance. Furthermore, the thesis proves that supplementation of HMB together with intensive training program has an efficient impact on the sport performance and that HMB protects muscles damage due to severe training.
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