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Conceptual tasks in teaching of mathematics
Harčarová, Denisa
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to explore method of teaching mathematics called Peer Instruction based on concetpual tasks. Diploma thesis explains the needs for its development, describes the misconceptions of students, which are the reason for changing the focus of teaching from passive learning to active participation. It also shows the usage of this method during the lesson. The main focus is the topic Divisibility of natural numbers. Slovak and Czech students textbooks are characterized concerning the possibility to be used in Peer Instruction teaching. The last chapter deals with using the conceptual tasks in the teaching process, which took place in two grammar schools.
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Students' successfulness and strategies when working with a map and factors affecting them
Havelková, Lenka ; Hanus, Martin (advisor) ; Knecht, Petr (referee) ; Bláha, Jan Daniel (referee)
Nowadays, information is increasingly presented in the form of various graphic materials. One of the key means of information visualisation is a map. Maps are complex representations and it is necessary to comprehend several cartographic concepts and to acquire skills and strategies for their efficient use. For this reason, it is important to give maps sufficient attention in the course of education. For the education to be of high quality, it is fundamental to understand the process of the map use and factors affecting this process and its successfulness. Therefore, the general purpose of the dissertation thesis is to develop this understanding. Specifically, the thesis has four main aims. One of them is to identify a map skill level of Czech students while using thematic maps since the popularity of thematic maps is increasing together with the number of cartographic insufficiencies they contain. These insufficiencies can inter alia cause a formation of misconceptions both about the maps and phenomena and regions they display. The second main aim is to identify and describe strategies that students choose to solve tasks which require the use of a thematic map. Additionally, the sub-aim is to understand the influence of chosen factors on the level of map skills as well as on choice and efficiency...
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Teaching Mendelian inheritance by didactic game
Lišková, Kateřina ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Mourek, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the education of genetics to grammar schools and students' comprehension of genetics. This abstract scientific discipline is considered difficult to learn so I decided to prepare educational materials with the aim to improve students' understanding of the topic. The main aim of the thesis was to prepare and test a didactic game focused on Mendelian inheritance and compare the effectivity of this kind of interactive education compared with the classical explanatory style of education. Other aims included evaluating the influence of other variables; comparing the difficulty of individual terms in genetics and the connection within chosen triplet of terms; and identifying the most common misconceptions. The data was collected in four classes of upper graders at two grammar schools by newly prepared questionnaire focused on demographic and knowledge. The results showed that the didactic game was as efficient as the classical explanatory method at creating short term knowledge Students had a bigger problem with explaining the connection among the terms than defining the individual terms. The most complicated term reported by the students was chromosome. It was the only term in which there wasn't any improvement between pre-test and post-test. Part of this thesis is also...
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Educational game for teaching cartography
Zýma, Marek ; Havelková, Lenka (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The presented thesis focuses on the creation of an educational game, as a mean for teaching cartography in lower secondary education. The game serves as a tool for preventing a formation of misconceptions related to cartography and for developing map skills of pupils in lower secondary schools The bachelor thesis also includes a review of literature focused on teaching cartography on lower secondary education, especially focused on cartography in curricular documents, map skills and misconceptions in cartography. Moreover, an integral part of the thesis is the methodology of creating the educational game specialized in cartography teaching and thorough description of the individual components of the game.
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Analysis of First Aid Misconceptions among Teachers at Elementary and Grammar Schools in the Czech Republic
Zvěřinová, Gabriela ; Kuba, Radim (advisor) ; Nodžáková, Kateřina (referee)
Appropriate first aid should be one of the basic skills every citizen has. This obligation is based on the law of the Czech Republic. The European Resuscitation Council regularly publishes recommended procedures for resuscitation and first aid, called the Guidelines (currently "2015"). This document defines the correct procedures, that should be followed when providing or teaching first aid. Nonetheless, misconceptions often persist in the common population. This is often the case of outdates procedures, inaccuracies or myths that can significantly reduce the chance of convalescence of even endanger the life of the injured person. Teachers encounter pupils who require appropriate treatment of first aid. Therefore they should be trained in current first aid procedures and thus form a suitable focus group for this reaserch. This diploma thesis aimed to describe the extension of misconceptions in first aid and to find the most frequent sources involved in disseminating this information. Two groups of the Czech teachers were analysed - science teachers and teachers of other selected subjects. Through the presented case studies, the level of knowledge in the field of first aid (the extension of misconceptions) was determined as well as where the respondent obtained the given information. Key words first...
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Elementary school pupils' misconceptions related to the thematic map use
Šmídová, Michala ; Havelková, Lenka (advisor) ; Kocová, Tereza (referee)
The thesis deals with identification and analysis of misconceptions that are formed when the ninth grade pupils work with thematic maps. It is divided into two main parts. The first part, which is theoretical, informs the readers about the aims of the thesis and defines the fundamental terms on the basis of the literature review. The misconceptions in thematic cartography are described in detail as well as the methodology of the research. The phenomenographic interview was used as a method for collecting qualitative data in order to fulfil the established aim. The research was realized in five schools situated in Ústecký region, in Děčín district, with twenty pupils. More specifically, the research aim was to find out whether there exists, and if so, then what is the impact of pupils' orientation in elementary geographic knowledge, used cartographic method and correctness of thematic map on pupils' conceptions. Keywords: misconception, map skill, thematic map, elementary education
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Analysis of Documents on Czech Political System Education
Černý, Jakub ; Mouralová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee)
Analysis of Documents on Czech Political System Education (Bachelor thesis) Author: Jakub Černý Abstract: The bachelor thesis analyzes a Czech educational curriculum and text books on a Czech political system which are intended for secondary schools and grammar schools. The thesis wants to answer questions how these documents inform about the Czech political system and whether these documents keep a constitutional scheme and whether these documents can contribute to making misconceptions of the Czech political system.
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Energetic utilisation of biomass - controversial environmental topic
Zumrová, Kateřina ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bartoš, Jan (referee)
The thesis is focused on energetic utilisation of biomass. It was used a qualitative research and document analysis of articles. The first part deals with the theoretical framework, therefore definitions and possibilities of biomass utilisation. The second part contains methodology, follows research and its evaluation. The first aim of this thesis is to summarize the utilisation of biomass as renewable energy and to distinguish positive and negative impacts of the utilisation of this source and evaluate its economic efficiency. There are several possibilities of utilisation of biomass, but it is necessary to select the suitable process and its utilisation. Based on the large number of examples from life it can be stated that it is economically efficient. The second aim is to identify main misconceptions related to utilisation of biomass. The main misconception is comparing the utilisation of solar energy, which has not left positive attitude of people to renewable energy, with utilisation of biomass. There are few examples of comparing photovoltaic with utilisation of biomass on the same level. In regard of the basic principles of utilisation of biomass, those two sources cannot be compared at all, they are not similar. Another misconception is apprehension of appropriation of land used for growing energy...
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Conceptual tasks in teaching of mathematics
Harčarová, Denisa
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to explore method of teaching mathematics called Peer Instruction based on concetpual tasks. Diploma thesis explains the needs for its development, describes the misconceptions of students, which are the reason for changing the focus of teaching from passive learning to active participation. It also shows the usage of this method during the lesson. The main focus is the topic Divisibility of natural numbers. Slovak and Czech students textbooks are characterized concerning the possibility to be used in Peer Instruction teaching. The last chapter deals with using the conceptual tasks in the teaching process, which took place in two grammar schools.
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Determinanty percepce krajiny u studentů středních škol
PEKAŘOVÁ, Alena
In this thesis, we analyzed the perception of landscape during education. It is presented as constructive process determined by evolutionary aspects, ontegenesis, personal and social specificity. Students´ misconceptions of landscape are presented as natural process during knowledge integration, which has to be diagnosed and solved. Different aspect of education can affect students´personality toward the development of not only kognitive, but also affective dimensions. By this, students´ attidudes toward landscape can be steered. The attention is foccused on the student perception of present landscape and understanding ofexistence of landscape micsonceptions among students. Variables such as teachers´ personal attitudes or certain activation methods were found to be related to students´concept of the landscape. Fulfilling of educational goals by teachers was not found significant for students´landscape perception.
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