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Less is sometimes more: study of decision - making in the context of cognition, intuition and well-being
Schautová, Nina ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor) ; Blatný, Marek (referee) ; Lewicka, Maria (referee)
The goal of this work is to provide an overview of new trends in the research of decision-making, as well as offer practical guidelines for the practice of decision-making based on up-to-date knowledge. Theoretical part offers an overview of current developments and efforts in decision-making along with a critical perspective on the limited view of decision-making. I offer a new perspective on the purpose and goals of research in the area of decision-making with the aim to improve not only objective results of decision-making, but also overall well-being. I also revitalize intuition as a valid strategy for decision- making. Empirical part presents three research studies, which focus on various aspects of this new approach to decision-making. First focuses on time decisions, which are, unlike financial decisions, almost uncovered by decisional research. Second research builds on current work of D. Ariely and D. Gilbert and supports their thesis, that commitment plays a key role in decisional satisfaction. Last research maps our self- perception in decision-making and how it relates to our well-being. Key words: decision-making, intuition, well-being, life satisfaction, commitment
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Rituals as a Rudimentary Product of Magical Thinking
Trčková, Tereza ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Špačková, Klára (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on magical thinking in the age of adulthood. The primary aim is to discover and define the particular manifestations of the magical thinking in adulthood and compare them with magical thinking in childhood. A further aim is to find a link between magical thinking and religion, and between magical thinking and field of education of participants. Research methodologies include qualitive field research accompanied by semi- structured interviews. The finding of the research show that magical thinking is more often found in child thinking, but it could be discovered in adulthood as well, there are no differences among principles and forms of magical thinking in childhood and adulthood. Magical thinking is more often found in atheists and there is no link between magical thinking and field of education of participants. The discussion concludes that magical thinking emerges in stressful situations and it is associated with anxiety and feelings of uncertainty. Magical thinking serve important functions - it is a coping strategy and it could reduce an anxiety.
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Philosophical Work of Nikolai Lossky
Haicl, Matouš ; Nykl, Hanuš (advisor) ; Filová, Simona (referee)
This thesis presents the philosophical system of Nikolai Lossky. The thesis includes basic Lossky's biographical data and the philosophical system itself is interpreted from the point of view of three philosophical fields - gnoseology, metaphysics and ethics. Lossky was conceiving his system progressively with an emphasis on its inner interconnection. Firstly he formulated his study of intuition, by which he entered a dialogue with the European tradition because of his new concept of human cognition. Afterwards he postulated the dichotomy of two spheres of the world - the kingdom of God and the kingdom of dissension. A human being stands between these two worlds and theirs life mission is to find a way back to God. In the end there are presented some of the applications of Lossky's basic theses in a few shorter works and there is also a valuation of Lossky's contribution for today's philosophical tradition and possible perspectives of development of his thoughts.
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From Descates' Mind to Kant's Reason
Dekastello, Petr ; Hill, James (advisor) ; Palkoska, Jan (referee)
The basic subject-matter of my research is R. Descartes' Meditations On First Philosophy and I examine the term intellect and its position within the mind and its relation to thought. My work includes a study of sensation and imagination which provide the intellect with "material" to judge. The objective of my thesis is to demonstrate the role the intellect plays in terms of reason and to present an interpretation of the way in which the mind is designated in relation to reason according to Rene Descartes in his writing and in his responses to objections. The position and functions of the intellect are understood as a logical structure of mutual dependence and as the elements essential for the understanding of the human soul substance. At the end of my thesis I demonstrate that the system of reason of R. Descartes might be considered as the basis for the transcendental conception of reason in Kant's philosophy, which leads to an idealistic world conception and is founded on thinking a priori. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Influence of Benedetto Croce's Philosophy on the Aesthetics od Josef Bartoš
Krejčová, Martina ; Kaplický, Martin (advisor) ; Dykast, Roman (referee)
This thesis deals with the Benedetto Croce's influence on the aesthetics of Josef Bartoš mainly between the years 1920 and 1929. It presents the historical facts effecting this influence and also the theoretical themes that determine the nature of the connection between Benedetto Croce and Josef Bartoš. Focusing on the historical parts of this thesis, the main point is to describe the evolution of the aesthetic attitudes of Josef Bartoš towards Benedetto Croce's philosophical system, and to find out the possible historical events that could play certain part in the evolution. On the level of theoretical survey the thesis describes the change of aesthetic attitudes of Josef Bartoš concerning the evolution of his theoretical specialisations and also the change in the scale of his philosophical studies. Mainly, the evolution of his attitudes is evident in his journal studies and also in his unpublished personal notes which are gathered in the estate of Josef Bartoš in Czech Music Museum.
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Intuition, imagination and rationality in fine arts
DOLEJŠÍ, Klára
The thesis deals mainly with intuition, imagination and racionality in connection of world modern painting of the 19th century, to art 21st century. These three concepts are in the beginning explained from the perspective of psychology. This task handle art international and a Czech artists, in a deeper context passes various art directions and clarifies how much were important for these three terms, and how much is influenced in their development. Of modern art are chosen three art techniques for didactic part. Collage, frottage and overprint are divided into three classes. Didactic product will be important for the creation of a practical part, so seven oil paintings on canvas about size 50 x 70 cm.
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Educating Gifted Children and Specific Features of Teaching Foreign Languages to Gifted Children
HAVELKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis concentrates on contexts and view-points, that should determinate the character of activities designed for gifted children in foreign languages classes. This work proposes some methods and ways that are convenient for gifted learners. It deals also with the characteristics of the teacher, who is able to conduct the gifted and the characteristics of the gifted in order to devise such activities that satisfy their special cognitive, emotional and social needs.
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