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Kontrola technického stavu mechanizačních prostředků pomocí termokamery
HALÍŘ, Vladimír
Main topic of this research is possibility of use the infra-red radiation of materials for purpose of machine diagnosis in agricultur machinery. Non-contact method of temperature monitoring is possible with special camera called infravision camera. With this device is possible to scan surface temperature of monitored object. Output of this scan is called thermogram. For users are values of scan then shown in false colors that are corresponding with a surface temperature of an object. In agricultur machinery the use is where the prerequisite for high increasing friction is converted into heat. Abnormal increase in the operating temperature can then be attributed to different severity of value and used as an indicator of the degree of wear for a possible future state of failures. The result of this research is a summary description of the factors that influence its impact on technical parameters of machine parts. The principles for the proper capture of thermal images, so-called thermograms, and procedures appropriate for their evaluation are described to. Theoretical assumptions are practically tested for the use at normal operating diagnostics of machines and their components.
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Building survey and evaluating the state construction
Sloupenský, David ; Anton, Ondřej (referee) ; Heřmánková, Věra (advisor)
The diploma thesis in theoretical section is focused on a brief overview of the methods used in the diagnostic of reinforced concrete structures. The practical part of this thesis deals with the diagnostics of the manufacturing reinforced concrete buildings in the complex Fatra Napajedla. This part will provide concrete strength of existing structures and will verify the reinforcement of individual elements of the structure by means of modern devices – radar and electromagnetic rebar locator. In the final section of this thesis will be performed static reports of selected parts of the structure.
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Chromatography methods for the determination of stable isotope traced metabolites and their apllication in the clinical research
ŽABOKRTSKÁ, Jana
In medical diagnostics substances labelled with radioactive or stable isotope tracers are used. At present stable isotope-traced substrates 13C or 2H are most commonly used for metabolism evaluation in pathologic situations. A modern approach is a combination of microdialysis method and an application of stable isotopes. In this study analytic methods for the determination of glucose and lactate in microdialysate are described. Due to used substances, labelled with stable isotope-tracers, these substances were determined by the method of gass chromatography with detection by mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The aim of the study was the development, determination of parameters, validation and optimalization of analytic methods oriented on measuring of isotope enrichment of molecules of chosen analytes. The isotope enrichment of glucose was determined after its derivatization by hydroxylamine hydrochloride and acetanhydride. A derivate aldonitril pentacetyl-D-glucose was determined. The method described in the study is the result of optimalization of time and temperature of derivatization of samples of microdialysates and chromatographic conditions. The obtained data were evaluated by the software Chemstation and statistics software SigmaStat. The precision was verified by the method of standard addition and was stated as 1,48%, the precision was determined by repeated measuring of a real sample {--} variation coefficient was 2,51%. Parameters of linear regression for concentrations 0,5 {--} 15 mmol/l were under given conditions with regression coefficient (R2) 0,9997 and the regression equation y = -0,0185 + 0,142x. Glucose for determination by gass chromatography is usually derivatized only by acetanhydride that however using capillary column CP-Sil 8 CB-MS (60 m x 0,32 mm) provides for interference in chromatographic recording {--} a double peak of likely formed anomers of pentacetyl-glucopyranose. For this reason it was necessary to make derivatization of aldehydic group of glucose first by hydroxylamin hydrochloride. The result method shows suitable parameters for using in analysis of microdialysate samples. Lactate was determined by derivatization by dimethoxypropane, propylamine and further by heptafluorobutyranhydride by formation of derivate of L-lactin-n-propylamidheptafluorobutyrate. Following parameters were determined {--} accuracy 3,25%, precision 3,15%, parameters of linear regression for concentrations wihtin 0,5 {--} 10 mmol/l were under given conditions R2 = 0,999 and the regression equation y = 0,215 + 1,039x. This relatively complicated derivatization method was taken over from an associated workshop at the University of Lausanne and its parameters were compared with a simpler method of derivatization by N-(butyl-dimethyl-silyl)-2,2,2-trifluoro-N-methyl-acetamide. The formed derivate di(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) lactate was determinated by the method GC-MS. The precision was 3,02%, accuracy 3,8%, parameters of linear regression R2 = 0,999, the regression equation y = -0,0809 + 0,792x. The presented methods were used in the pilot study of microdialyse of muscle and hepar of rats in various metabolic situations. At present the methods are used in clinical research on patients suffering from diabetes mellitus type I and have extended a spectrum of methods applied by the laboratory of the Clinic of Gerontology and Metabolism of the University Hospital of Hradec Králové.
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Laboratory diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori
OBERMAJEROVÁ, Jana
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium requiring for its growth and development a microaerophilic environment and carbon dioxide. The most important biochemical properties include the production of urease, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, and phospholipase as well as other enzymes. Helicobacter pylori colonises the gastric mucosa in the area of the antrum and may be transferred into the body of the stomach (Corpus gastricum) in the event of massive infection. It contributes to the development of gastric mucosal inflammation, especially the antrum mucosa, which later, in the majority of cases, passes to the chronic stage. It also contributes considerably to the development of both duodenal and gastric peptic ulcers. The connection between carcinoma and gastric MALT lymphoma has been proved. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection can be made by invasive and non-invasive methods. In order to proceed to the invasive method, a biopsy sample of the gastric mucosa must be taken. This sample is later submitted for histological and microbiological examination. The microbiological methods include microscopic examination, rapid urease test and H. pylori cultivation test. In principal, non-invasive methods (breath test, stool antigen test) are used for the verification of eradical infection treatment. The topic of the thesis dealt with the comparison of individual microbiological examination methods ? microscopy, cultivation and rapid urease test which are used at the Bacteriology Institute of Hospital of České Budějovice, a.s. in order to diagnose Helicobacter pylori. Biopsy samples of the gastric mucosa sent to the Bacteriology Institute in 2011 were used as the main material for the given study. The samples were most frequently taken at the Gastroenterology Department and Children´s Department. Each biopsy sample was divided into three parts for individual methods. A microscopic preparation was elaborated from a part of the sample. The stain device - MIRASTAINER? system was used for the Gram staining. During observations in the optic microscope (immersion lens system with 1000×) fine S-shaped Gram-negative rods were visible in the event of a positive finding. Other parts of the sample were used for the urease hydrolyses test (Christensen´s) in the liquid media. The test was assessed the following day, in the case of a positive finding the media went red. The remaining part of the sample was used for the cultivation examination. The material was inoculated into the HPFA diagnostic cultivation media provided by the Dulab Company and, at the same moment, on non-selective blood agar (in order to exclude contaminating microflora). The cultivation was executed in a microaerophilic atmosphere (obtained in the LAS system) from 5 to 7 days at 37 °C. In the event of a positive cultivation finding (often represented in case of H. pylori by typical, finer, slightly grey and partially transparent colonies) the sensitivity to antibiotics was tested. In 2011, the Bacteriology Department at the Hospital of České Budějovice, a.s. examined 599 biopsy samples of the gastric mucosa. The examination proved the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the bodies of 161 patients. The results of the study reveal that the sensitivity of the cultivation examination is comparable to microscopy. The lowest sensitivity was proved in the case of the urease test. The infection was the most commonly diagnosed in the age group between 40 and 59 years (47.5 % of men and 52.2 % of women). The sensitivity to selected antibiotics was determined in the case of 137 phyla. 42 % of phyla were resistant to metronidazole and 18 % of phyla to azithromycin.
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Determination of the performance of the cooling circuit - cooling tower
Velešík, Aleš ; Hanzal, Luděk (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The aim of this work is to determine the performance and description of the cooling circle in the cooling tower. In order to do that there was applied the linear regression approach in order to create structural empirical model of the cooling tower. The data obtained was analysed through QC expert software, which, if correct data applied, identifies suitable model for specific tower. The models created will be used for diagnostics of the cooling circles and as a comparison tool with other cooling towers in the future. Thus, the findings of this thesis are polynoms, which in thic technological setup characterise the models of the cooling towers.
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Ethics of dying and death in intensive care
Bendová, Zdeňka ; Votroubková, Michaela (advisor) ; Kutnohorská, Jana (referee) ; Švecová, Dagmar (referee)
Author: Zdeňka Bendová Theme: Ethics of dying and death in intensive care Keywords: ethics, dying, death, paliative care, intensive care Bachelorś thesis is dealing with ethics of dying and death within the scope of intensive care. Medicine offers many possibilities of treatment and desease diagnostics nowadays. Requirement of paliative medicine use is becoming more important with increasing intensive care. Patiens can live for a much Langer time with a medical machines support as a result of a very high contemporary medical care standard. This situation brings new ethic problems.
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Food allergy in patients elder than 14 years with atopic dermatitis - clinical significance of certain immunological parameters
Čelakovská, Jarmila ; Ettler, Karel (advisor) ; Bystroň, Jaromír (referee) ; Dastychová, Eliška (referee)
Food allergy is now recognized as a worldwide medical problem, as food allergy prevalence is gradually increasing. The importance of food allergy in children with atopic eczema, especially during first three years of life, was confirmed by extensive studies. Up to now, studies dealing with food allergy in adult patients suffering from atopic eczema, are rare. It was shown that severe eczema could be worsened by pollen related foods in studies with limited number of patients. However, the significance of food allergy to common food allergens (cow milk, wheat, soy, egg) in adult patients with atopic eczema is very likely underestimated. The aim of our study was to follow the occurence of food allergy to cow milk and wheat flour, respectively, and to evaluate the clinical value of atopy patch test, elimination diet, and other diagnostic methods in the diagnostic work - up of food allergy in patients with atopic eczema over 14 years of age compared to double - blind, placebo controlled food challenge, which is considered as a gold standard in diagnostic work - up of food allergy. Food allergy to cow milk and wheat flour was confirmed in five patients (3,4 %) from 149 patients enrolled to this study (in one patient simultaneously to cow milk and wheat, in four patients to wheat) by double - blind,...
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Summary report of results of the contract research between FZU AV ČR, v.v. i. and HVM Plasma s.r.o. for 2016
Mates, Tomáš ; Fejfar, Antonín ; Ledinský, Martin ; Vetushka, Aliaksi ; Pikna, Peter ; Bauerová, Pavla
Samples of protective layers based on DLC (Diamond-like-Carbon) on different substrates (test bodies and real components) were studied by several diagnostic methods.\nRaman spectroscopy was used for the detection of bindings in order to specify the structural variations, surface modifications both for as-deposited samples and particularly for samples that underwent different stress tests.\nScanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface structure of layers in different locations on the sample and to search suitable test spots for the subsequent analysis by the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). AFM in special modes was employed to measure the maps local mechanical properties (friction, tip adhesion, energy dissipation, etc.).\nOn a selected sample, the cross-sectional structure of the sample was analysed by the Focussed Ion Beam (FIB) and the elemental composition in various thicknesses was documented by the Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS).\n
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Autocalibration of Vibration Sensors
Macháčková, Petra ; Vdoleček, František (referee) ; Zuth, Daniel (advisor)
The main objective of this thesis is presentation of various features of technical diagnostics, such as autodiagnostics and autocalibration. Thesis describes ways to diagnostics of rotocure, presents various types of sensors used in vibrodiagnostics and shows possibilities for their calibration. This work also contains information about automatic calibration of external influences, which affect sensor characteristics.
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Errors of diffusion measurements for MRI
Kavan, Pavel ; Rampl, Ivan (referee) ; Bartušek, Karel (advisor)
The Bachelor’s thesis is, at it’s begining, focused on the imaging and diagnostic techniques based on principles of magnetic resonance imaging. Nowadays, nuclear magnetic resonance belongs to reputable examing methods of variable molecule matters. Especially, due to multiinterval spin-echo PFGSE methods. Further in this thesis is spin-echo pulse sequence simulated in the data processing computer program Matlab. Simulations influencing error measurement of b-factor and diffusion are performed. These simulations could help to prevent appearance of measurement errors at some other experiments.
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