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Child's aggressiveness in the context of mass media
Brychcínová, Tereza ; Koťa, Jaroslav (referee) ; Vališová, Alena (advisor)
This work is focused on the problems of child's aggressiveness in the context of mass media from the theoretical - empirical view. The first chapter of the theoretical diploma's part defines aggressive behaviour and compares the aggression's theories of chosen authors, divides the types of aggression and it is engaged in factors which influence the aggressive behaviour of the young and divided special reveals of antisocial behaviour. The second chapter is about children and the media and it is mainly focused on the probléme with manipulation in the context of mass media furthermore on the influence of the media on child's aggressiveness and influencing his personality through a television and a computer. The third chapter is the empirical verification of the second chapter and its main aim is the role of using a television and a computer in common child's life - the important question are these: How often do children and students watch TV? How many hours do they use a computer? How is the influence of TV and a computer on school education? Which relation do watching TV and using a computer bring between parents and children? And the chapter also compares activities connected with the media in comparision of the other leisure activities. The empirical verification was proceeded at the elementary and high...
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Efekt xenobiotik na DNA integritu a fyziologii rybích spermií
LINHARTOVÁ, Pavla
Pollution of the aquatic environment with xenobiotics has become a serious health concern in recent years. In the present study the effect of DQ, TBBPA, BPA and VIN on sperm quality parameters, DNA integrity and oxidative stress indices in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) sperm and sperm from brook trout (Salvenilus fontinalis) were investigated. To do this, an in vitro spermatozoa motility assay was used by a computer-aided Motion-Analysis system. The sperm of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) was diluted to obtain the spermatozoa density of 5×108 cells×ml?1 and then exposed for 2 h to final concentrations of xenobiotics: DQ - 25, 50, 100 and 150 ?M, TBBPA - 0.5, 1.75, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ?g/l, BPA - 0.5, 1.75, 2.5, 5 and 10 ?g/l and Vin - 0.5, 1.75, 2.5, 5 and 10 ?g/l. Spermatozoa velocity and percentage of motile sperm were significantly decreased at each time post-activation compare to control. The level of DNA damage expressed as a % DNA in Tail and Olive Tail moment significantly increased when spermatozoa were exposed to higher concentrations of xenobiotics. The level of oxidative stress indices lipid peroxidation (LPO) and carbonyl derivatives of proteins (CP) and antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly with increasing concentration of xenobiotics. On the other hand the intracellular ATP content in sperm samples had a significantly decreasing effect. In short, xenobiotics can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress in fish spermatozoa, which could impair the sperm DNA integrity, quality and antioxidant defense system. The present study confirms that environmental concentrations of xenobiotics are capable to induce oxidative stress, leading to impaired sperm quality, DNA fragmentation and intracellular ATP content Obtained results also suggested that the use of fish spermatozoa in vitro assays may provide a novel and efficiently means for monitoring residual pharmaceutical in aquatic environment.
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Features of social stratification in consumer behaviour
Malecká, Eva ; Koudelka, Jan (advisor) ; Pešek, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis tries to show the importance of social stratification for marketing. There are explained causes of different consumer behaviour of particular social classes. The research "Market&Media&Lifestyle -- TGI", done by company Median, maps the consumer behaviour in detail -- this data is the basis for practical part where features of social stratification are followed regarding the consumer behaviour in a lot of different areas.
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Study of drug renal transport in vitro
Loužecká, Jana ; Trejtnar, František (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
1 ABSTRACT 2 The finding of increased expression of certain types of regulatory peptide receptors in some tumors led to research on regulatory peptide analogs as potential receptor-specific radiopharmaceuticals for imaging and tumor-targeted therapy. Analogues of gastrin and cholecystokinin belong to one of the perspective groups. However, accumulation of radiopeptides in the renal tissue may cause radiotoxic renal damage and may limit their clinical use. Study of renal mechanisms is therefore an essential premise for further developments in this group. The aim of this work was to study in vitro the rate of renal accumulation of gastrin derivatives, DOTA-minigastrins (DOTA-MG), labeled with indium-111, and to examine general mechanisms responsible for their uptake in kidney cells. Accumulation of three compounds, 111 In-DOTA-MG11, 111 In-DOTA-MG45 and 111 In-DOTA-MG46 was evaluated using a renal cellular model. Experiments were carried out using isolated rat cells obtained from native rat renal kidney tissue. The renal cells were used to determine the rate of accumulation of 111 In-minigastrins. To evaluate the participation of active and passive transport mechanisms in the renal uptake, accumulation under physiological and decreased temperature was determined. To assess the quantitaty of 111...
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Succession after reintroduction of grazing in dry grasslands
Fulínová, Martina ; Hadincová, Věroslava (referee) ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor)
Grazing management is very popular nowadays and number of sites with grazing animals with the aim of restoring the sites is steadily growing. All the effects of grazing on grazed grasslands are not elucidated yet. This thesis focused mainly on the contribution of zoochory to restoration of species rich grasslands on stands cleared from Robinia pseudoacacia and stands cleared from Prunus spinosa brushwood. For the purpose of monitoring changes in vegetation, permanent plots have been established. In order to identify sources of new species occurring in permanent plots, inventory of species growing in neighbourhood of the permanent plots has been done, samples of soil seed bank, sheep buttons and seeds from sheep wool have been germinated in a greenhouse. Monitoring of permanent plots showed reduced regrowth of R. pseudoacacia and P. spinosa. We have also found that greater changes in species composition occurred in more degraded stands than in stands better-preserved. Germinating experiments proved soil seed bank being mainly the image of aboveground vegetation with minor importance to restoration of species rich grasslands. On the other hand sheep seem to be of great use for dispersal of seeds both by epizoochory and endozoochory when walking between different stands. This finding is of great importance for...
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The use of the reactor with sludge cloud and external biomass separator for methane production from the substrate for Biogast Plant
ŽIVNÝ, Jakub
The aim of the study was to compere the reactor with sludge cloud and external separator biomass in different modes. This typ of reactor is principally used in wastewater treatment and in this work was designed for production of biogas from biosmass, commonly used in agricultural biogas plants. The reactor assembly was prepared in the laboratory of the available glass flasks, connected by rubber tubing and mixing pump. The entire device was immersed in a water bath heated thermostat. For the purpose of this work was used samples from biogas Týnec near Dobrovice at Mladoboleslavko. The reaktor was injectable liquid portion, formed after adjusment method IFBB (Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass). The principle of this method consists in separating the liquid and solid components of biomass. Operation of the reactor was carried out in three stirring models: without stirring, medium stirring, intensive stirring. Further, the operation was compared at 40°C and 53 °C in a mode without stirring. This monitoring is carried abut for five hours. The specimens was taken every hour and after drying to COD (determine chemical oxygen demand), which expresses the degree of degradation of organic matter. The results show that the laboratory devie model stirring does not show. However, the temperature change from 40°C to 53°C showed an increased degradation of organic matter.
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The changes in cell adhesion molecule expression in various pathological states in animal models
Koldová, Helena ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Kopecký, Martin (referee)
The changes in cell adhesion molecule expression in various pathological states in animal models. Mgr.Helena Koldová This rigorous work was focused on the study of atorvastatin effects in apoE/LDL- receptor deficient mice. The aim was to elucidate whether atrovastatin posses similar effects that are common in humans. Female ApoE/LDL receptor-double-knockout mice at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group of animals (n=8) was fed with the atherogenic (western type) diet for another 8 weeks. The same atherogenic diet and treatment period was used in other two groups where atorvastatin was added to the diet at the dosage of 10 mg/kg per day. Biochemical analysis of blood cholesterol fractions, ELISA analysis of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in blood, and stereological analysis of atherosclerotic plaque size in aortic sinus was performed. The biochemical analysis showed that administration of 10 mg/kg of atorvastatin resulted in a mild decrease of blood cholesterol fractions. Moreover atorvastatin significantly increased the HDL levels. This mild positive influence on lipid parameters was accompanied by moderate anti-inflammatory effect which was manifested by a reduced level of MCP-1 in blood. In conclusion apoE/LDL-receptor deficient...
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Atorvastatin and its effect on the atherogenic process in genetically / / modified mouse model of atherosclerosis I
Kozáková, Hedvika ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Semecký, Vladimír (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Rigorous Thesis - Abstract Mgr. Hedvika Kozáková 2007 Atorvastatin and its effects on atherogenic process in the genetically modified mouse model of atherosclerosis I Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) represents golden standard in dyslipidemia treatment in humans. However, its effects in animal models of atherosclerosis are very inconsistent. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether statins has hypolipidemic and inflammatory effects in apoE/LDLR deficient mouse model of atherosclerosis. The aim of this rigorous thesis was to verify whether atorvastatin posses similar effects in apoE/LDL receptor double knockout mice that are common in human medicine. Female ApoE/LDL receptor-double-knockout mice at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group of animals (n=8) was fed with the atherogenic (western type) diet for another 8 weeks. The same atherogenic diet and treatment period was used in other two groups where atorvastatin was added to the diet at the dosage of 100 mg/kg per day. Biochemical analysis of blood cholesterol fractions, ELISA analysis of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels in...
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Influence of various systems on housing and breeding of dairy cattle
DUBOVÁ, Dagmar
The trend in development of new technologies and machinery in the area of agriculture and animal husbandry shows an increasing number of robotized operations. Such trend mostly appears in dairy cattle breeding, which has its logical explanation due to the fact that high ratio of human labour in milk production is more than obvious. The basic prerequisite for a successful utilization of milking robotic systems is to provide dairy cattle with sufficient quantity of top quality food and water as well as to ensure their welfare. The aim of the bachelor?s work was to compare the influence of both stanchion housing using a milking pipeline method and loose housing with robotic milking system on basic categories of dairy cattle behaviour, milk efficiency and reproduction. The observation itself was executed in each housing system for the period of 24 hours, during which an interval method with a ten-minute interval mode was used. Basic life activity of dairy cattle such as: feed intake, standing, lying and movement were monitored. All data were collected and assessed under running conditions on a private dairy farm owned by Václav Dub in Boubín near Horažďovice. The task was carried out in a reconstructed housing, where both systems are in operation. During the day, the dairy cattle remained mostly in a lying position, from which 50,33 % were kept in stanchion housing and 49,54 % in loose housing. When being housed in a standing position, 23,78 % of the dairy cattle paid attention to feeding and 27,05 % of dairy cattle were robotically milked. Standing position represented 25,89 % in stanchion housing and 19,31 % in loose housing. The movement was only monitored with dairy cattle housed in free housing representing 4,1 %. After the milk efficiency was assessed, there were some statistically significant differences (P?0,001) found in milked milk as well as in a kilogram of protein. With respect to reproduction, the length of the insemination interval was recorded showing 129 days when being stanchion housed and 95 days when loose housed. The length of the service period of dairy cattle in stanchion housing was 144 days while dairy cattle milked robotically showed the length of 109 days. All in all, it was proved that a free movement has a positive influence on the milk efficiency, fertility as well as the welfare of dairy cattle.
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FERTILITY OF COWS KEPT IN MODERN TECHNOLOGY
VRBOVÁ, Aneta
level of cattle breeding is putting growing demands on milk production and it is closely related with fertility. The aim of this work was based on data analysis to determine fertility of dairy cows bred in modern technology in the context of the quality of nutrition, stabling and milk production and determine the level of the relationship between fertility and milk production. Monitoring herds proceeded in two breeds from May 2010 to December 2011. The data was obtained from the reports for monitoring performance, and the accompanying sheets cattle and T4C program (Time for Cows), which records detailed data on milking cows. Overall, more than 19,000 data entries on fertility and yield of cows were statistically evaluated. It was found that dairy cows kept in modern technology, which uses AMS (Automatic Milking Systems) the interval 368.97 days and 406.27 days, which is about 30 or 15.72 less compared with the average of Czech Republic. The value of service period in selected farms was 109.19 and 119.58 days. Compared to the national average is about 12.80 and 3.31 on shorter SP. Insemination interval of 62.63 and 81.06 days was again a 20.36 and 1.93 days shorter than the average insemination interval in Czech Republic in 2010. Correlation relationship between milk production and fertility was found to be statistically significant only for insemination interval rxy = - 0.302+ service period and rxy = 0.402+. The hypothesis, that using AMS does not have a negative effect on fertility was confirmed.
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