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Personality psychopathology measured by alternative model of DSM-V
Barcaj, Martina ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Juríčková, Veronika (referee)
The DSM-5 Alternative Personality Disorder Model includes Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) that assess 25 specific personality traits in 5 domains. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the method and its clinical benefits, especially by comparing it with the IPDE structured interview method on a sample of N = 29 psychiatric patients. Quantitative analysis of the results of both methods revealed a number of statistically significant correlations between the IPDE dimensional scores and the individual PID-5 traits of corresponding disorders. For disorders equally defined by both approach, the IPDE dimensional scores and PID-5 individual traits correlated by majority. Due to the overall low prevalence of undisputed personality disorder diagnosis in the sample, a qualitative analysis of 11 selected cases was performed. This analysis revealed the overlapping of the personality traits derived from both methods in 10 of these 11 cases. The methods differ in the assignment of a specific personality disorder as a diagnosis, but this is due in particular to a different theoretical definition of the methods. Overall, the PID-5 method has been evaluated as clinically beneficial, with a promising future and wide use in clinical practice. KEYWORDS Personality disorders, diagnostics, PID-5, IPDE
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The Role of Empathy in Ethical Behaviour
Novák, Lukáš ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.
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Delinquency in terms of psychopathology
ŠPIRHANZLOVÁ, Iveta
This thesis deals with the most common psychopathological disorders which are found in connection with delinquency. It explains concepts such as psychopathology, delinquency, delinquent conduct, personality, temperament, character, prevention. It elaborates in detail the causes and factors that influence occurrence and development of psychopathological disorders and also shows how they manifest, particularly with regard to association with delinquency. Thereafter it is followed by various psychopathological disorders and diseases, including personality disorders, which occupy the specific place among them. Preventive measures outline the options which can be used in the prevention of delinquency and the thesis is concluded by research results which complete already mentioned findings.
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BPQ - Contribution to a validation study
Koutná, Kateřina ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Riegel, Karel (referee)
ANNOTATION: This thesis deals with the Czech version of the BPQ (Borderline Personality Questionare) and aims to verify the psychometric properties questionare. I use custom developed data collected in the context of a larger study NÚDZ aimed at needy validation of a questionnaire method of measuring different facets of personality functioning. Detailed analysis of these data, I concluded that the questionnaire is internally consistent, as I stated prior percentile standards and compared the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the original American version. KEYWORDS: Personality, personality disorders, borderline personality disorder, Borderline Personality Questionare- BPQ
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Temporolimbic dysfunction in persons with sleep disorders
Hepnerová, Eva ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medicinal Sciences Student: Bc. Eva Hepnerová Supervisor: Doc. MUDr. Josef Herink, DrSc. Title: Temporolimbic dysfunction in persons with sleep disorders Background: The aim is to demonstrate the occurrence of symptoms of the temporolimbic dysfunction in person with sleep disorders using standard psychosocial questionnaires. Methods: The occurrence of symptoms of the temporolimbic dysfunction was detected by means of CPSI and LSCL-33 questionnaires. Correlation of both questionnaires' results was evaluated by Spearman's coefficient. Results: According to CPSI 11 % patients have abnormal score and they have higher occurrence of symptoms of the temporolimbic dysfunction. According to LSCL-33 achieve 32 % of respondents abnormal score and 7 % respondents have pathologic score, which means the presence of the temporolimbic dysfunction. Conclusions: The occurrence of the temporolimbic dysfunction in persons with sleep disorders have been shown, but it haven't been higher in comparison with healthy population. Keywords: mood disorders, sleep disorders, psychosocial questionnaire, sleep, temporolimbic region
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Temporolimbic dysfunction in persons with mood disorders
Jakoubková, Zdenka ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Semecký, Vladimír (referee)
This dissertation explores the occurrence of symptoms of temporolimbic dysfunction with persons with mood disorder. Groups of pacients was concerned to persons with depression and manic depression disorder. The occurrence of symptoms was examined by questionnaire method. It is assumed that mood disorders are result of damage of structures in the temporolimbic area and that they will also manifest in the questionnaires being used. Theoretical part describes anatomy of the temporolimbic area and temporolimbic dysfunction. Practical part is focused on the evaluation of the outcomes from submitted questionnaires. KEY WORDS Temporolimbic disfunction, limbic system, depression, manic depression
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Pathological personality structure i the stories of clients treated for addictive substance abuse in a chosen Highlands facility.
Kárníková, Tereza ; Reichelová, Lenka (advisor) ; Čablová, Lenka (referee)
Pathological personality structure in the stories of clients treated for addictive substance abuse in a chosen Highlands facility Abstract This thesis deals with the issue of personality disorders, termed in the title as pathological structures of personality, of people treated for addictive substance abuse. Numerous Czech and foreign studies pointing out high prevalence of personality disorders with substance abusers served as a base. I also proceeded from the finding that little was written in theory or dealt with in practice concerning comorbidity of abovementioned issues. The theoretical part is divided into three parts. The first part develops the topic of personality disorders, chosen types of addiction and the unifying topic of psychiatric comorbidity. The aim of the thesis is, by analyzing two case studies, to describe the possible manifestations and treats of specific personality disorders, to observe the way they affect their life or the development of the illness connected to substance abuse and the part they took in their relapses or in their cooperation with the services for substance abusers. I reached the goals of this thesis by the methods of qualitative research, using a semi-structured interview that was later on transformed into a case history. The research file consisted of two clients...
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Behavioral disturbances according to ICD-10 at pupils of elementary school and special elementary school
Pokorný, Daniel ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The goal of the bachelor thesis is to map the occurrence of behavioural disorders in the base of pupils in special elementary schools and in standard elementary schools, in the same time. The guiding document for this thesis is the International Classification of Diseases, rev. 10 (ICD-10), supplemented within particular diagnoses by specific case history of school practice. There is a brief historical overview of the ICD's development and its current form followed by successively given various diagnoses of behavioural disorders together with a brief description of diagnosis, symptoms and procedures to address or treat these disorders in the thesis. The bachelor's thesis is focused to individual case histories, then. In the context of reported cases, the manifestations or solutions of rate of problems are outlined within school pupils as they occur in common practice of elementary schools. Comparison of theoretical and practical part brings new and interesting information, in this context.
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