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Specifics of nursing care in patients after transapical aortic valve implantation.
VOTRUBOVÁ, Nataliya
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a new and an attractive method in cardiology and as well as in cardiac surgery. It is constantly evolving method which has been developed as an alternative to standard open surgery, especially in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis with unacceptably high perioperative risk or patients who are not suitable for conventional open heart surgery because of age and comorbidities.A teamwork is very importantfor this new method and approach. The choice for TAVI is discussed by the institutional multidisciplinary heart team, typically consisting of interventional cardiologists, imaging-specialists, cardiac surgeons and anaesthesiologists. The first implant in a human being was performed by Cribierin 2002. In Czech Republic this method was first used in 2008. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) was accepted as a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery. This method does not require the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, and cardiac arrest. Other several benefits includinglower risks of bleeding and stroke events, better wound healing, less pain, as well as more rapid early recovery due to preservation of continuity of the sternumthat result in shorter durations of stay in the hospital, earlier rehabilitation and faster returns to normal life. In the presented work was used a combination of qualitative-quantitative methods of investigation. The data was obtained by using the quantitative research. The main technique was using the questionnaires designed for nurses working at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital Czech Budejovice, a. s. These results were backed up by the implementation of qualitative research, which investigated the patients and physicians view on monitored issues. Questioning method using a semi structured interview technique was used for qualitative research. The results of the survey were processed using descriptive statistics charts in LibreOffice Calc and using diagrams created in LibreOffice Writer. Qualitative results of the research were transcribed from audio recordings and coded, and the base code was created nine categories of interviews with clients/patients and three categories of interviews with doctors. The aim of this work was to explore the specific problem of nursing care about the clients / patients after transapical aortic valve implantation. On the base of our obtained data it is evident, that the client/patient after TAVI may be positioned sideways, the use of surgical drains are less frequently, so the care about the surgical wounds is simpler, patients report less pain in the surgical wound and postoperative rehabilitation and recovery is shorter. H1 - The nurses take care about the clients/patients after transapical aortic valve implantation in the same way as about the clients/patients after open aortic valve replacement, without realizing the differences between the patients treated with different approaches, was not confirmed. The nurses'sees/reported major differences in invasiveness and extent of providing care, rehabilitation, convalescent, in the duration of the hospitalization and better cosmetic effect. The results of the research can serve as a basis for creating the standards of nursing care or educational material for clients/patients. It is also possible to present the results of this work at a specialized seminar for non medical healthcare workers and results can also increase the quality of nursing care about the clients/patients after transapical aortic valve implantation.
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Cultural identity of migrants in France
Sudová, Hana ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor) ; Slaměník, Ivan (referee)
This master thesis investigates adaptation and cultural identity of migrants living in France. The sample consisted of migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa and French overseas departments who went to France for their studies. The research contains a qualitative and a quantitative part. The qualitative study was realized through semi-structural interwiev, in which partici- pated 19 students in age from 21-33 years. Results indicate that the migrants identify in their country of origin mostly with solidarity and warmth of the people, which contrasts with impersonal relationships of an individualistic french society. In spite of occasional experience with discrimination in France, most of migrants seem to adapt quite well. In France, they appretiate mostly the opportunity to succeed in life, which is given to everybody, something that is far from the case in their country of origin. In the quantitative study, 40 migrants in age from 18-45 years completed a questionnaire survey on internet. Due to a small number of participants the research have rather orientatio- nal character. Results indicated, unexpectedly, that the strenght of ethnic identity diminishes over time, which is in contradiction with several previous studies. Another result reveal that African women show better social and psychological...
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Supervision in psychiatric nursing
RŮŽIČKOVÁ NEUŽILOVÁ, Michaela
Basic theoretical background The theoretical part of the thesis explores the issue of supervision and focuses on psychiatric nursing. It is divided into several parts. The first part is focused on supervision, briefly characterizes supervision as such, then it describes its divisions, functions and methods. It also explores the participants of supervision, the agreement on supervision, transcultural supervision and Balint groups. The following part describes historical development of psychiatric nursing, briefly presents the personality of Joyce E. Travelbee. In the conclusion of the theoretical part of the thesis the problems of education and competence of nurses in psychiatric care are introduced, marginally mentioning the Turku declaration. The aim of the work The main aim of the thesis is to investigate the awareness of nurses working in psychiatric care of the clinical supervision options. The task of the second objective is to find out the opinion on supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The third objective is focused on means to assist nurses working in psychiatric care in their personal development and growth within their practices. The purpose of the fourth objective is to find experience with supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The methods used Qualitative investigation was chosen for the empirical part of the thesis. The method used for data collection was in the form of semi-structured interview. The interviews with the respondents were taken down using a voice recorder and transcribed, qualitative data was then analyzed by pencil and paper encoding technique and semantically organized into 27. groups of categorization. The selection of a research sample was intentional, consisting of twelve nurses working in psychiatric care in the Czech Republic. Results The research focused on nurses who do not have personal experience with supervision revealed that they have certain awareness of the supervisory process, however not quite sufficient to be able to describe the nature and function of supervision in its entirety. Their knowledge is rather theoretical. They understood supervision as help to solve disharmonious relationships in the workplace, as well as it could improve communication skills of the nurses, it would also assist in dealing with crisis intervention and prevent burnout syndrome. The results regarding nurses who do not participate in the supervisory process clearly indicated that they have insufficient support and the opportunity for both their professional and personal growth in their workplace, while this important could be solved by supervision. The research, which covered only nurses who have had personal experience with supervision and regularly participate in it, showed that their knowledge and skills related to the supervision process are quite sufficient to be able to understand and use supervision practically in the whole range. These nurses sees supervision as a benefit that would allow them not only to understood themselves, but also to learn how to manage challenging situations that are a part of their profession. Supervision gives them confidence, provides support and teaches them to deal with people who are part of their work process. Supervision has become a tool for preventing burnout and showed them how to use their own potential effectively. Conclusion This thesis is focused on the use of supervision in psychiatric nursing. Working with mentally challenged patients is very demanding, therefore supervision plays its justified role there. If you do not know yourself and you are not able to solve your own problems, you can never effectively and comprehensively address the problems of others, who are often desperately waiting for your help. The results will be presented at professional seminars designed not only to nurses working in psychiatric care.
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Modern methods of management development
Králová, Eliška ; Barton, Monika (advisor) ; Svobodová, Ivana (referee)
Diploma thesis addresses the issue of the management development and modern methods of development. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the main trends and changes in development in the last decade and identify key needs in this area. Another aim is to compare the needs of the current range of management development on the Czech market and based on international best practice to design new development opportunities. The theoretical part includes current trends and needs in the management development and practical part examines the market situation resting on qualitative research. Based on qualitative research in thesis proposes appropriate solutions for management development according to modern international approaches.
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The communication in the stomatology with presschool children.
KŘESALOVÁ, Danuše
Abstract Communication in nursing is the foundation for building up a quality therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the patient. A properly guided conversation, knowledge and use communication skills help the nurse to influence positively the patients, to educate them, to motivate and persuade them to cooperate reasonably. My motivation to write this bachelor thesis focused on communication in dentistry with a preschool age children are children sent to our department of dental surgery in České Budějovice for dental treatment under total anaesthesia. These children could not be treated in a dental armchair. The research is quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative research was conducted using the method of questioning. The technique of data collection involved the use of a questionnaire. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to nurses at dental ambulatory care centres and 70 of them were returned completely filled in. The results are presented in graphs. The qualitative research with parents of the children treated under total anaesthesia for dental rehabilitation was conducted in the form of individual depth interviews. The interviews are recorded and the results have been processed into a tabular form. The objective of this thesis was to find out about the nurses? positions to their own communication skills necessary for the successful treatment of preschool age children. The objective has been met. Hypotheses were formulated. H1 - Nurses are interested in communication training in dentistry focused on children of preschool age; this hypothesis has been confirmed. H2 - Nurses use the principles of communication with children of preschool age in dentistry; this hypothesis has not been confirmed. The other objective of this thesis was to identify options which could reduce the number of children that should be treated under total anaesthesia at the department of dental surgery in České Budějovice. Further, a research question was asked whether it is possible to reduce the number of children treated under total anaesthesia at a dental surgery department by establishing communication with their parents. The objective has been met. The results of the thesis show the benefits of encouraging nurses to participate in workshops on communication with child patients. It will also be possible to publish the results in specialised publications.
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Role of the regional product in the regional development
Tománková, Lenka ; Varvažovská, Pavla (advisor) ; Miloš, Miloš (referee)
The diploma thesis is focusing on the topic of the regional product with the aiming on the regional food and gastro-tourism as a modern trend that can lead to the development of the tourism and regional development. The main goal of the diploma thesis is to show the importance of the regional product on the regional development of the Poděbrady region with the focus on the gastro-tourism that is developing in the recent years in the Czech Republic. On the basis of the quantitative research and the qualitative research, the thesis is finding out how the Poděbrady region stands from the point of view of the regional product, how the Poděbrady region supports the regional production, what its current status is, whether there are any regional feed in the Poděbrady region that should be local attraction for tourists, and what the attitudes of the respondents to regional production are. The questioning was realized by the questionnaire (quantitative research) and by interviews (qualitative research). The diploma thesis points out that the gastro-tourism usage for the regional development is very limited and it remains out of the interest of the regional representatives. The differentiation of regional activities is the way of fulfilling the capacity and ensuring the better probability of the faster development.
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The role of volunteering in non-governmental organizations working in the social sector
Papoušková, Daniela ; Varvažovská, Pavla (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis was elaborated on the theme The role of volunteering in non-governmental organizations active in the social sphere.
As it is obvious from the title, the main theme was volunteering, volunteers and their active involvement in the non-governmental organizations in Hradec Kralove region. The aim of this work was to clarify and also realistically approach the real activity we generally call volunteering. The detailed view was focused on the target area of seniors.
The aim was to evaluate whether is this effort of volunteers in their final outcome for the social sector really benefit or whether it would be for nonprofit organizations expandable.
To fulfill the goal of this work have been chosen the method of quantitative and qualitative survey. For the quantitative research was chosen the form of the questionnaire, which was distributed through the web portal. For qualitative research was used the method of the semi structured interview. The qualitative survey was conducted by the research interview with the local nonprofit organizations.
The dissertation is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the concepts related to the specific topic. In the following part are processed the conducted surveys. The work is completed with the conclusion, which in conjunction with the obtained results of the investigation is commenting whole processed topic. These observed results help generally specify the situation of volunteering and nonprofit organizations in the Czech Republic.
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