|
Development of German economy in 1936-1939.
Vaňkát, Milan ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Soběhart, Radek (referee)
After the Great Depression, Germany was hit by massive unemployment and a general decline in production. Under the Nazi administration, public investments served as a solution to reduce unemployment to a minimum level and in 1936 were fully diverted to the defense industry. In relation to the rearmament of the German army the country was supposed to be ready for a short war in four years. In order to quickly equip the army, Germany faced a lack of raw materials and especially the lack of funds for acquiring them. Despite these problems, the German economy recorded a great economic growth in that period. This situation leads to the question, what economic conditions were in Germany and what contributed to such an economic outcome.
|
|
United States Soft Power- Using Free and Open Media to Bolster the Afghan Democracy. Radio Azadi -A Case Study
Smoot, Taylor Grant ; Žídková, Markéta (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Since the US-led invasion began in October 2001, the United States has spent $440 billion on military operations in Afghanistan. Afghanistan still suffers from widespread corruption, ineffective government agencies, daily attacks taking place by both US-led forces and the Taliban - not to mention that 4 million refugees remain dislocated around the countryThe United States declared political objectives in the country are to -disrupt, disable, dismantle al- Qaeda in Afghanistan, to prevent it from using Afghanistan and Pakistan as a base to attack the United States. The U.S. and its military officials feel the best way to achieve this is by building a functioning Afghan Government that can secure its populations, protect its borders, keep Al-Qaeda out of Afghanistan and create a democratic social culture. For them to achieve this it is going to take a generational effort and billions of dollars. With the war entering its tenth year with no clear-cut victory in sight, the US-led forces will either have to leave Afghanistan due to enormous cost and domestic political pressure, or refocus its allocation of resources and redefine its objectives. The best way the U.S. will be able to leave Afghanistan but still help sustain and create a working stable and effective democratic government is through the...
|
|
Biocentres and biocorridors in agricultural landscape - importance for communities of epigeic beetles (\kur{Coleoptera})
KREJČA, Mikoláš
At four different locations in southern Bohemia in Písek region there were monitored communities of epigeic beetles. Locations occurred in the agricultural landscape, which is influenced by human activities. One of the sites was spruces monoculture about 60 years old, other locations were meadow, waterlogged meadow and wheat field. Locations had biocentres and agrocenosis function. Pitfall traps method was used to obtain samples of epigeic beetles. In total, 2268 samples of epigeic beetles were obtained (12 families and 56 species). The largest number of beetles was found at locations wheat field, waterlogged meadow and forest, and in a number of 656 individuals in waterlogged meadow 634 individuals in the field and 583 individuals in the woods. The smallest number of 395 individuals was found in the meadow. Sorting of beetles was done according to the sensitivity to anthropogenic impacts (relict species R1, adaptive species R2 and eurytopic species E). On the surveyed locations only adaptive (R2) and eurytopic (E) species were discovered. Relict species (R1) were not present. Adaptable (R2) species were found 20 in the surveyed areas and eurytopic (E) 36 species. Anthropogenic influence index of epigeic beetles communities came in low figures. Low value tells us that beetle communities are strongly influenced by human activities. The most influenced locations were wheat field (1,11) and meadows (1,27) and the least affected area was the forest (20,42). Waterlogged meadows was also strongly influenced in a anthropogenic way, but it was better than a meadow and wheat field (2,29).
|
|
Změny krajinné struktury a jejich příčiny v katastrálním území Nasavrky
Korobková, Petra
The main subjects of this study are changes of landscape structure in the cadastral community Nasavrky (country district Chrudim, region Pardubice) in the time of years 1852 up to 2013. On the basis of datas from the second military survey (landscape structure of 19th century), the Czechoslovakian topographical map (landscape structure of 50s of 20th century) and actual topographical map and orthophoto map update by field research (landscape structure of the year 2013) were evaluated changes of land use with using geographic information system. The changes of landscape structure are described based on the development of area of eight land use categories (forests, arable land, permanent grassland, orchards and gardens, built--up area, water area, recreation area and other area). The largest changes were registered of categories arable land and permanent grassland. Ascertained informations about changes of land use can be used as materials in for example landscape planning.
|
|
Development and actual structure of plot types inside regions and landscape types in the Czech part of the Novohradské Mountains
TRÁZNÍKOVÁ, Lucie
Diploma thesis deals with evaluation of development and characterization of current features of landscapes (land use) in chosen territory ,,Novohradské hory and their slopes`` as a whole, then in determinated regions and in single types cadastral territory (on the basis of elaborated typologies) during 20th. century until present rather among years 1845 {--} 1938 {--} 1945 {--} 1955 {--} 1989 {--} 2002. Delimitation explored territory is assumed from already instant research Bohemia Budějovice, Pedagogical Faculty, Department of Geography. Results of diploma thesis are included in supplements of thesis in figures and cartograms and verbally reviewed in text parts of diploma thesis.
|
|
The development of the Czechoslovac economics during the period of the first post-war years (1918 – 1922)
Havel, Ladislav ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
This bachelor theses focuses on the period of the first post-war years (1918 -- 1922), which played the crucial role in forming of the economics of the newly established Czechoslovac republic. The work targets the complex process of the establishment of the new independent state, the possibilities of the economic collaboration with the other successions states after the desintegration of the Austro -- Hungarian monarchy. The topic continues with the process of building-up of the independent economy and supression of the influence of the previous economic centres of the monarchy. The steps necessary for the economic emancipation were included in the Economic Law, that had been prepared before the break up of the monarchy. These economic devices included customs and monetary separation, domestication and repatriation of the capital and land reform. The work tries to analyse the whole process.
|
|
Species diversity and abundance of small terrestrial mammals in several types of forest stands in Třeboňsko study area
Dvořák, Jiří ; Kouba, Marek (advisor) ; Šťastný, Karel (referee)
The goal of this thesis was to find the diversity and abundance of small mammals in several types of forest and non-forest ecosystems in the protected landscape area of CHKO Třeboňsko. Further, the goal was to compare the collected data with analogical data from Krušné hory and finally discuss the findings in relation to the abundance of the Tengmalm´s Owl (Aegolius funereus) in both areas.
Trapping by collapsible snap-traps was practiced in both of the abovementioned protected landscape areas. In case of Třeboňsko, six spring and six fall quadrants were established, while the area of one quadrant was designated to 270 m2with 40 traps laid. In contrast, the small mammals in Krušné hory were being caught on three spring and three fall quadrants. The area of one quadrant was designated to be 1 ha with each quadrant containing 121 laid traps. The result numbers of caught individuals were converted into the number of trapped individuals per 100 trap nights. The number of nesting pairs of Tengmalm´s Owl was established by regular visits of hanging nestboxes in both of the protected landscape areas.
In 2014, 42 individuals were caught in Třeboňsko. The following species were recorded: yellow-neck mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), and common vole (Microtus arvalis). For this year, the highest diversity of species was recorded in localities "pine north" and "open area south". The highest number of individuals caught (21) was in the quadrant of "pine north".
The year 2015 was more colorful in case of recorded species, however the total number of caught individuals was only insignificantly higher (49 individuals in total). The following species were caught: yellow-neck mouse, wood mouse, bank vole, common shrew (Sorex araneus), and field vole (Microtus agrestis). The highest species diversity was recorded in the quadrant of "spruces north" and the highest number of caught pieces (24) was recorded in the quadrant of "pine north".
In case of Krušné hory, there were 31 caught individuals in 2014 and 193 individuals in 2015. The species diversity of small mammals was equivalent as in the experimental localities in Třeboňsko, additionally, only the eurasian pygmy shrew (Sorex minutus) was recorded.
The following numbers of nesting pairs of Tengmalm´s Owl were recorded through the regular visits of nesting boxes: in the year 2014, there was not a single nesting pair in the area of Třeboňsko; in the year 2015, there were 3 nesting pair. In Krušné hory, for the year 2014, there were 10 nesting pair recorded, and for the year 2015, 34 pair were recorded.
Even though the food supply was similar, there was a significant difference in the numbers of nesting couples in Třeboňsko and Krušné hory. It seems probably, that the Tengmalm´s Owl simply prefers natural nesting cavities over the hanging booths in Třeboňsko.
|
| |
|
Leaflets on Frederick Falck as a source for the development and perception of Czech issue in the years 1619-1632
Hubková, Jana ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee) ; Pánek, Jaroslav (referee)
Obraz Fridricha Falckého v letákové literatuře třicetileté války a reflexe českých událostí jsou na stránkách dobových letáků i v pozdějších hodnoceních historiografického rázu nerozlučně spojeny. Přijetím české koruny a spojením svého osudu s českým stavovským povstáním se tento král, jenž již od své svatby s Alžbětou Stuartovnou ztělesňoval naděje evropského protestantismu, stal osobností, která země české koruny reprezentovala a k níž se nadále upínaly naděje zdejšího protestantského obyvatelstva v dobách příznivých i nepříznivých. Z těchto důvodů se letáky, které se jeho osoby týkají, staly publicistickým fenoménem, jenž silně ovlivnil způsob, jakým české záležitosti vnímali jak sami obyvatelé českého království, tak obyvatelé německého říšského území a později i příslušníci různých exilových vln nekatolického obyvatelstva. Velká část těchto letáků souvisí s prvním publicistickým vzepětím třicetileté války a jejich spojitost s vnímáním vývoje české otázky je nezpochybnitelná. Z tohoto důvodu nespočívalo zadání mé práce v shromažďování důkazů pro tento známý fakt, ale spíše ve zmapování vzniku, průběhu, okolností, obsahu, mechanismů, charakteru, účinku a krátkodobých i dlouhodobých důsledků letákové komunikace v prostředí, v němž tyto tisky kolovaly. Pramenná základna předkládané práce vznikla na základě...
|
|
The Landscape of the Czech-Austrian Borderland: Development and Heritage
Rašín, Robin ; Chromý, Pavel (advisor) ; Kupková, Lucie (referee) ; Kubeš, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Robin Rašín The Landscape of the Czech-Austrian Borderland: Development and Heritage Summary Roztoky u Křivoklátu 2010 1 Landscape is a key geographical concept and geographical research on land change and land use has a tradition that can be dated back for almost a hundred years. The development of the subject orientation of land change science can be divided into two phases. (i) During the first phase (50's/60's of the 20th century) the description of landscape and its morphology (structure) were at the centre of research interest along with the research of the potential for agro-production. This particular type of study was motivated by the need to find a solution to the problem of the increasing inability to supply a growing (European) population with agricultural products. (ii) In the second phase (circa from 70's of the 20th century), the attention of scientists towards the accelerated rate of land change on a global scale that can be associated with: the increase of human population, changes in agricultural techniques, mining, environmental exploitation et cetera. There is an obvious need to solve the negative impacts of the human activities on the landscape at different scales (from local to...
|
guest ::
