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Temporal and spatial changes of woody vegetation at the landscape - case study (former Vrchlabi estate)
Juřičková, Beata ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Keken, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation deals with a temporal and spatial changes of woody vegetation at the landscape in West Bohemia. The case study helps to recognise a historical development of the landscape and focuses on landscape elements of forest and non-forest woody vegetation.
Focused area was determined by borders of former Vrchlabi manor and based on historical documents. The chosen area partly belongs to zone 1, 2 and 3 of Krkonose National Park.
Forest and non-forest woody vegetation was compared from different sources- a map of Imperial imprints of the stable Cadastre from 1843, an aerial images from 1950 and an orthophoto images from 2014 - using ArcGIS software. Woody vegetation was divided into forest category and other three non-forest woody category- draws, acompanying woody vegetation and line.
The results have shown that the most consistent category has always been the forest, spreading on 42,25% of the area in last 171 years. The non-forest woody vegetation was developing erratically and was covering the largest area of 335,21 ha in 1950. Data analysis have shown that each period of forest and non-forest woody vegetation has its own specific trends.
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Support of regional development through the Local Action Group Podchlumí
Jezberová, Zuzana ; Hejnák, Václav (advisor) ; Marcela, Marcela (referee)
The Diploma thesis deals with issues of the support of regional development through the Local Action Group Podchlumí, r.a. (LAG Podchlumí).
The goal of this thesis was to explore the contribution of the LAG Podchlumí to quality of life of residents and business development. Assessment of the influence of LAG on regional development has been based on the existence and implementation of the Program of rural development program of the Czech Republic Axis IV. LEADER, which leads to an improvement of management and to mobilization of the natural inner potential of countryside. The Program of rural development represented the main financial source for fruition of LAG projects in the previous programming period.
In this thesis, activities of the LAG Podchlumí and local subjects for support and development of partnership of residents and for public, business, and non-profit communities have been analysed. Implementation of own projects, through which the versatile development of the region, life improvement of residents, increase the attractiveness of the region has been evaluated. In order to get an independent and objective evaluation, an anonymous questionnaire has been conducted among residents of the region Podchlumí. Further, personal observation of the region Podchlumí, a study of professional literature as well as of internal materials of the LAG has been done. The hypothesis that the Local Action Group Podchlumí plays an important role in development of partnership of public administration of municipalities, agricultural subjects, independent agricultural as well as non-agricultural enterpreneurs, and non-profit organizations has been verified on the basis of analysis of realized activities. Support from the Program of countryside development to the region Podchlumí, Measure IV.1.2 Realization of local development strategy, contributed to achieving improvements in quality of life of residents. The greatest support was given to appearance of communities and quality of infrastructure, development of public facilities and services. Financial resources were spent also on modernization and development of agricultural as well as non-agricultural business. In comparison with other LAGs in the district Jičín, the LAG Podchlumí supported the greatest number of projects through the measure IV.1.2 of the Rural development program on realization of local developing strategy. It has been found by means of evaluation of the anonymous questionaire among residents of the region that residents perceive improvement of appearance and life of communities but they are not aware of the fact that many projects have been implemented with the contribution of activities of the LAG Podchlumí. For this reason, the LAG Podchlumí should focus more on propagation of its own activities. Residents of the region are interested in surrounding of their villages.
It is possible to made conclusion that the results of analysis of activities of the LAG authenticated and confirmed correctness of the hypothesis that the Local Action Group Podchlumí plays an important role in development of partnership of public administration of municipalities, agricultural subjects, independent agricultural as well as non-agricultural enterpreneurs, and non-profit organizations.
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Political aspects of local government – (non)stability of voting behavior of population of the town Volary
Dvořák, Stanislav ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The thesis analyses the elections and electoral behaviour of the citizens of the town Volary in the period from 1996 to 2014. The behaviour of the voters was studied not only from the election results of the municipal elections but parliamentary elections as well. Several theoretical propositions, including the consistency of the voters' social status were verified. Moreover the work describes the differences of electoral behaviour based on the division into various socioeconomic groups in connection with the left and the right wing of the political spectre. Furthermore the work reviews the theory whether the local voters tend to the left or right values and deals with the stability or instability of their electoral behaviour.
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Human behavior in emergency situations: The specifics of tort malpractice nutrition in the Bruntál region.
Vláčilík, Daniel ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Daniel, Daniel (referee)
This thesis looks into human behaviour in crisis situations caused by non-compliance with child support order in the territory of the Bruntál district. The theoretical part describes the historical development of the family and its actual form, arrangements and function. It also deals with the institution of marriage and the issue of broken families in connection with the marriage and divorce rates in the Czech Republic. Besides, it inquires into problems of crisis situations in the family affecting the child, problems of mandatory child support and potential criminal responsibility in case of non-compliance with child support order. The practical part contains the results of a survey conducted among respondents who filed a complaint for non-payment of child support in the Bruntál district and comparison of these results and demographical, social and economic indicators of the quality of life of the citizens of the Czech Republic.
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The role of volunteering in NGOs working in the social sector
Tlach, Vladimír ; Varvažovská, Pavla (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
The thesis is thematically focused on the area of volunteering as a modern phenomenon occurring not only in the Czech Republic but in the whole world. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part.
The first, theoretical part, explains the basic theoretical background of the non-governmental sector with an emphasis on volunteer activity in existing non-governmental organisations. The theoretical part also presents the results of the researches of foreign and domestic experts on volunteering on which the research part of the thesis is based.
In the practical part of the thesis are analyzed two non-profit organisations - the Charity Ostrava and Slezská diakonie, which provide social services in the Moravian -Silesian region, and the company Arcelor Mittal, which is actively involved in the field of corporate volunteering. In the research part there are presented outcomes of the field research, which took place in the aforementioned non-profit organisations and the company, but also among public, where it was investigated what people know about non-governmental organisations in their close area, their opinion on volunteering and how they perceive volunteers. The outcomes from a field survey are then compared with foreign and domestic surveys.
The aim of the thesis is to propose possible options for changes in working with volunteers in the non-governmental organisations based on the findings, which could lead to streamlining of their work, an increase of the prestige of the volunteer work and a number of volunteers working in the social sector. Based on the investigation it was found that volunteering is beneficial to everyone involved. It allows an individual to actively participate in society, help others and spend free time in a meaningful way. The obtained findings help to improve volunteer work, identify potential reserves in the individual´s work and prevent possible conflicts.
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Creation of methodical process of inventory of property and commitments in a selected non-profit organization
Lorencová, Dana ; Štáfek, Pavel (advisor) ; Pavlína, Pavlína (referee)
The diploma thesis follows up a process of inventary in a chosen accountant unit, its found insufficiencies and its consecutive solution. The process of inventary belongs to activities that lead to completion of a closing financial statement of an organization and that is why all the actions and processes must be done with carefulness and accuracy according to law number 563/1991 of law collection about accountancy, which states, according to law of the European union, extent and way of managing the accountancy and all requirements for its conclusivness and conditions for handing it over to a state.
The theoretical part of the thesis is related to defining basic terms of inventory process. The valid law regulations, which are dealing with those issues, are stated there. Individual phases of the whole process, important intern regulations and documents, which are obligatory for every single accountant unit, are also stated in the theoretical part of the thesis. A continuity of the inventory of property and commitments in financial statements and statements is being described there.
The practical part of the thesis involves the process of inventory in a chosen non-profitable accountant unit of the district court in Jičín. In the individual phases of the inventory, when the physical and documentary stock-takings are being done, are found insufficiencies and proposals of their solutions. A complete process of inventory belongs to activities of the chosen accountant unit, on which state´s controlling institutions are focusing in recent years, because the activities involve economy of the state´s essets. A methodic instruction for the processing of inventory of property and commitments for an accountant unit is worked out in the last chapter of the practical part.
By the compilization of the diploma thesis a complete view on an inventory as a whole was given, which is a starting point for completion of a financial statement. While working out the thesis, rocess or system insufficiencies were analysed. These insufficiencies might cause that the accountant unit will not fullfill the § 6 paragraph 3 of law of accountancy, from which the compulsatory duty of inventory of property and commitments according to provision § 29 and § 30 of law of accountancy flows. The audit office can, on the basis of those insufficiences, proclaim that the inventory of property and commitments was not done correctly and can apply a sanction on the accountant unit. After the inventory process the accountant unit is compulsory to make an inventory report that is a substantial document together with financial statements, balance-sheet, profit and loss sheet and attachments to the authorization of the financial statements.
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The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Economic Growth – The Case of Selected Arab Countries
Hodrab, Rami Mohammad Awad ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Soukup, Alexandr (referee)
Information and communication technology (ICT), population growth, gross capital formation, Openness, labour and inflation are frequently well-thought-out as important drivers of economic growth for all countries, so as for Arab countries in our case. This study aims to examine the effect of these factors on 18 selected Arab countries economic growth, covering the period from 1995 to 2013, with the main interest of the impact of ICT. The results show positive and significant impact of ICT index (infodensity that represents the capital and labour stock of ICT) for each individual country (except for Djibouti with negative ICT index elasticity and UAE with insignificant impact) ranged from 0.10 for Lebanon to 0.469 point for Qatar. The panel regression results show that ICT positively and significantly affect the whole sample of 18 Arab countries economic growth with 0.108 point, as well as GCF ratio with 0.129 impact, in addition to openness which encounters positive and significant impact with 0.054 point, and inflation with negative significant impact. These results are accommodated with many related studies. Population growth is insignificant to economic growth. The 18 Arab countries are divided into three sub groups according to their infodensity levels. The research results show that there is a relatively large gap between first and second groups of high and intermediate infodensity values in one side and the third group (with low infodensity and GDP per capita values) on the other side.
In order to verify further the results of positive and significant impact of ICT on economic growth, a second study model that depends on Cobb-Douglas production function is applied with ICT and non-ICT capital services and labour services. This second model is applied on five Arab countries that covers the period from 1993 to 2014 using ARDL method. The regressed results show a long run equilibrium cointegrated relationship between ICT and non-ICT capital services, in addition to labour services and GDP growth. The results tell a positive and significant elasticity of ICT capital services at short and long run, and this value is more than the ICT capital services compensation share, which indicates ICT spillover in these Arab countries. Labour services impact on GDP growth is positive and significant on long run, but for non-ICT capital services, there is a negative and significant impact. So finally it is worth for the Arab countries to invest more and efficiently in ICT assets, in addition these countries have to efficiently use the available ICT resources.
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The Evaluation of Reproduction in Bactrian Camels (Camelus bactrianus) and the Possibilities of Using Non-invasive Methods for Detection of Heat and Pregnancy
Fedorova, Tamara ; Lukešová, Daniela (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
Camels are important husbandry animals which are also often bred in zoological gardens. Unfortunately, camels in European zoos are not usually trained and pregnancy diagnosis in a half-tamed camel is very difficult. Moreover, information of the maternal behaviour of camels is limited. This thesis reviewed current knowledge on camel husbandry, reproduction and behaviour and aimed to 1) examine non-invasive methods of heat and pregnancy diagnosis from urine and saliva in camels kept in zoological gardens; 2) explore their maternal and suckling behaviour; 3) describe experiences with artificial rearing of camel calves. The research into non-invasive pregnancy diagnosis was carried out from 2010 to 2012. Urine from 14 camel females kept in four European zoological gardens was collected and tested using two chemical tests -- the Cuboni reaction and barium chloride test. The Cuboni reaction was significantly (p < 0.01) affected by the pregnancy status of female camels, and its accuracy increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the period leading up to parturition. The barium chloride test did not provide reliable results. Next, the saliva of five adult female camels was sampled for more than one year and concentrations of progesterone (P4) and oestradiol (E2) were measured. The concentrations of P4 (n = 312) and E2 (n = 310) were both significantly (p < 0.0001) affected by the pregnancy status of the animals. Maternal and suckling behaviour was observed from 2003 to 2009 in six zoological gardens, and the presented study includes partial data from this period. Allosuckling (i.e. when a female nurses a non-filial offspring) was described for the first time in camels and it represented 8.58% of all suckling bouts. The non-filial calves suckled more often in the lateral position and preferably joined the filial calf when suckling, so the results support the 'milk theft' hypothesis (stealing of milk) as a main cause of this behaviour. Finally, calf rearing in the Prague zoological garden was summarised and two camel calves were successfully artificially reared. This PhD thesis concluded that 1) the Cuboni reaction with urine and salivary P4 and E2 measurements are suitable methods for pregnancy diagnosis in half-tamed female camels; 2) allosuckling is relatively common in captive Bactrian camels; 3) the artificial rearing of camel calves with a calf milk replacer can be successful.
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Camera trap as a non-invasive tool in research on rare and elusive mammals
Jůnek, Tomáš ; Hejcmanová, Pavla (advisor)
Knowledge of the richness of species that inhabit a particular area is an essential metric for both conservationists and practitioners. Relatively cost-efficient and easily standardized solution has occurred in last the decades with the massive digitalization of photography, the camera trap. Such an independent detector is bias-free in the probability of recording objects passing by and in most cases does not disturb animals. Recent discoveries of new mammal species are proof of this. Moreover, camera traps allow for insight into the otherwise hidden behaviour of even the most timid animals. My interest in photography, endangered animal species and nature conservation has led me to the decision to apply a novel method in practice. Me and my team have focused on three different use-confirmation of the accuracy of capture-recapture population estimates, temporal overlaps of invasive species with its prey and competitors, and first ever camera-trapping species inventory in the Niokolo-Koba National Park. Thanks to personal experiences and contacts from World biodiversity hotspots I was able to successfully employ an approach and carry out field studies. I hope that our results will contribute to the development of effective conservation strategies and the methodology itself.
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