|
|
Design of Emergency Ventilator Machine
Kolaříková, Eva ; Jelenčík, Branislav (referee) ; Rubínová, Dana (advisor)
This diploma thesis presents a design of an emergency ventilator machine used in specialized hospital departments. Aim of the thesis was to evaluate the knowledge resulting from the analysis of current products and apply this knowledge in the final solution. The new conceptual design is focused on improving the continuity of the body of the ventilator with the respect to the stand part and the unification of the aesthetic aspect of the medical device while considering ergonomic and technological parameters.
|
|
|
Nursing procedures at complicated peritonitis
Pokorná, Lenka ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
(v AJ) For my diploma thesis I chose Nursing care for patients with complicated peritonitis as a topic, because care for these patients must be complex and often requires long-term stay at the anesthesiology and resuscitation department. These patients require organ support, undergo repeated surgical revisions, and ultimately, if they overcome this critical period, they learn very often self- care, walking, and sometimes adapt to permanent changes in health. It is a disease where there are often sudden changes in the patient's condition. In the theoretical part I tried to describe the disease leading to the development of peritonitis and complications in the form of septic shock and multiorgan failure. In the National Medical Library, I have searched for a comprehensive review of literature since 2005. I searched for keywords and phrases: Peritonitis, Nursing Care, Sepsis, Multiorgan Failure, Circulatory Support, Artificial Pulmonary Ventilation, Continuous Function Replacement kidney care, laparotomy care, drainage care, intra-abdominal hypertension. I obtained other documents using the central search engine UKAŽ, I drew from licensed databases: Bibliographia medica Čechoslovaca, Ebsco, Medline, Pubmed. For the processing of nursing procedures I used the recommendations of professional societies:...
|
|
|
Use of noninvasive pulmonary ventilation in pre-hospital emergency care
FILIPOVÁ, Lucie
Non-invasive pulmonary ventilation is a method that is commonly used in hospital care and is often the last way to avoid invasive airways in selected conditions. Despite the benefits it has for the indicated pacients, it is only exceptionally used in pre-hospital care and for some paramedics it is a method which they have little experience with. Likewise, their personal practice knowledge is often made up of only a few applications of non-invasive ventilation in a hospital. In my work I tried to create a comprehensive summary of information, which could help to unify non-medical healthcare personnel and at the same time to extend their knowledge in the issue, which is more discussed in the largest chapter of the theoretical part of this work. The aim of the work was to map the use of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in pre-hospital urgent care in the South Bohemian Region and Vysočina Region and to find out about awareness of the health rescuers in selected regions. These objectives were implemented by a qualitative method through semi-structured interviews. The research showed that the use of the method in pre-hospital emergency care is not very widespread; that is is due to minimal experience and insufficient education of medical and paramedical staff. The awareness of paramedics about this issue is generally superficial. Most of their knowledge is made up only of personal experience that has been gained in use and is no longer expanded and coherent. This work could be further used as study material for non-medical healthcare staff.
|
|
|
The problematics of securing airways of a patient with an acute respiratory disease
BABOUČKOVÁ, Martina
The topic of our Bachelor's thesis is "Problematics of securing airways of a patient with an acute respiratory disease". The aim of this thesis is to map the issue. The thesis contains the theoretical part and the research part. The theoretical part focuses on anatomy and physiology of the respiratory tract, monitoring of respiratory system, monitoring of consciousness, securing of the respiratory system and caring for the patient connected to the artificial pulmonary ventilation. Furthermore, this work also deals with nosocomial and professional infection and especially with acute respiratory disease. The research was conducted through qualitative research using a semi-structured interview with 10 qualified specialists and paramedics working at the department of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation and at Emergency Medical Services. To designe researche were chosen for these research questions: 1. How do the paramedics protect themselves when securing the airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? 2. How often do paramedics encounter the activity of securing airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? 3. What is the attitude of paramedics in practice when it comes to securing the airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? The purpose of this Bachelor's thesis is to find out how the paramedics proceed in securing the airways and how they react when they encounter the acute respiratory disease. This Bachelor's thesis serves as a material that points to the correct use of barrier protection. The result of the research shows that the paramedics meet with the respiratory disease only rarely. The questions were also aimed at the compliance with barrier protection. The main benefit of this Bachelor´s thesis should be the awareness of non-compliance with barrier protection and subsequent use of protection against respirátory disease.
|
|
|
Non-invasive ventilation in patients with COPD
AUGUSTÍNOVÁ, Markéta
The thesis begins with a theoretical part containing a general description of artificial pulmonary ventilation, invasive pulmonary ventilation and a detailed description of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This section also focuses on a detailed description of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this thesis is to find out the real usability and success of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received in 2018 at the department of ARO in the Hospital Jindřichův Hradec. The data was obtained from the patient documentation for 2018 from the ARO department and subsequently entered in the tables. The research found that in 2018, 162 patients had undergone the selected department, of whom 63 patients suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Noninvasive pulmonary ventilation was used in 75 patients. Of the total number of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation applications, 30 were used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The success of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in chronic patients reached 90 %. The main benefit is the fact that the number of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is increasing and that indeed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is aggravated in the winter months. Another benefit is the finding that the success and true utility of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is very good.
|
|
|
Prevention of Complications in Patients with Secured Airways
Trojáková, Miluše ; Heczková, Jana (advisor) ; Srpová, Daniela (referee)
The thesis reviews airway management practices in intubated a tracheostomised patients. Patients requiring mechanical ventilation have their airways secured mostly by endotracheal or tracheostomy tubes. Such patients are in a great risk of developing serious complications. One of the most common is the ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP). Currently, VAP represents a major problem not only in the Czech Republic but globally. In the USA, VAP is the most common nosocomial infection and represents 25% of all ICU infections. VAP complications lead to deterioration of the patients' condition, extend the total duration of hospitalization and some present a mortality risk. The VAP mortality rate has been reported to be 20-50%. Moreover, VAP complications lead to an increase in health care costs. The goal of the thesis is the comparison of the state of the art scientific knowledge, clinical guidelines and current clinical practices. The thesis describes the practice in the highly specific nursing aktivity - airway management, using case studies. My research took place at ARO (ICU - intensive care unit). The first case study involves an intubated patient, the second one a patient with the tracheostomy tube. The analysis has shown that the clinical practice guidelines of the ARO department are being followed...
|
|
|
Long-term and difficult weaning - discontinuation of ventilator- dependent adult patient
Hájková, Lenka ; Drábková, Jarmila (advisor) ; Srpová, Daniela (referee)
The main reason for choosing the topic of study, is an increasing number of long-term ventilator-dependent patients undergoing weaning proces from artificial pulmonary ventilation at intensive care units. The content of the chapters include anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system, pathophysiology and some diseases associated with the ventilator-dependence. Also, the development and charakteristics of the OCHRIP - NIP and DIOP, the weaning procedure and the role of the nurses in the weaning proces. This study presents goals and hypothesis of investigation, as well as a variety of methodologies used. The study presents two aims of the research. Firstly, to map the experience and knowledge of nurses when disconnecting patients from artificial lung ventilation. Secondly, to find out how nurses perceive the care of these patients, including their view on the possibilities for further development of weaning process care. The research was carried out at ARO, ICU, NIP and DIOP bed units at five hospitals and two faculties of Intensive Care. It involved an anonymous questionnaire of 147 respondents (nurses) and students. The main finding of the research is that nurses have sufficient knowledge and experience in weaning from mechanical ventilation, notwithstanding they underestimate their own...
|
|
|
Education of parents of children on prolonged mechanical ventilation
Holá, Barbora ; Vaicová, Karolína (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
The main topic of this work is to evaluate education of parents with children dependent on long term artificial lung ventilation. In praxis we meet children who are dependent on mechanical ventilation for all life. Thanks to modern approaches in therapy and progress in medical technology these children could be dismissed from hospital to home care. Their parents must be introduced to many new information and they must be taught to many new skills essential for providing necessary nursing care. The role of a nurse is irreplaceable in this process and the quality of education of the nurse should be on the highest level. Theoretical part of this work is focused on pedagogy, education, communication, basic terms and psychological aspects which influence families of such disabled children. Final topics of the theoretical part follow up a problematics of mechanical ventilation and securing airways in pediatrics population. Empirical part of this work is focused on quality of education provision to these parents on specific hospital departement. The aim of this work is to observe conditions and ways of providing this education to parents on the departement. keywords: artifical lung ventilation, care, education, family, child, tracheostomy
|
|
|
Nursing care of a patient with non-invasive ventilatory support
Veselá, Barbora ; Sojková, Monika (advisor) ; Mrákava, Vlastimil (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a non-invasive ventilatory support method and its use in commercial practice. The intention was to find out what theoretical basis nurses have in the mentioned issue, to characterize the most common indications, contraindications and particularly complications emerging at patients connected to a non-invasive ventilatory support. In the theoretical part there are found chapters about anatomy and physiology of airways and about a principle of an artificial pulmonary ventilation. A non-invasive ventilatory support represents a detailed chapter. The main part focuses on nursing care and monitoring of a patient connected to a non-invasive ventilatory support. I mainly deal with hygiene of airways, rehabilitation and breathing physiotherapy, positioning and the motion regime. Care for physical state of a patient connected to a ventilation and an issue of worsened communication during implementation of a non-invasive ventilatory support cannot be committed. The empirical part contains mainly anonymous questionnaire research leading to evaluation of given aims and hypothesis of work. In total, 200 respondents in four Prague hospitals were questioned and 164 of them completed this research. The research has brought very satisfactory results. The respondents has shown good...
|
|
| |
guest ::
