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The origins of harm reduction in the Czech Republic in the context of foreign drug policy
Stanislavová, Anita ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
This diploma thesis describes the origins of harm reduction (HR) in the Czech drug policy. It focuses on the role of HR in national strategies and the development of syringe and needle program and substitution treatment. The aim of the thesis is to describe and explain how the HR approach was developed in the Czech environment. Using the framework of policy diffusion, the author explains the mechanisms by which harm reduction was transferred from abroad. Thesis describes the history of drug policy and the development of the harm reduction approach in the world. This information forms the context in which the author advocates HR development in the Czech Republic's drug policy after 1989. By analysing expert texts and expert interviews she explains how the first national strategies were formed in which HR has been included since 1993. Similarly, it deals with the beginnings of syringe exchange, which has been in operation since 1986, and substitution treatment that was first used in 1992 and has been officially operational since 1997. The mechanisms of diffusion of HR from abroad to the Czech Republic are defined. In all three areas, the mechanism of learning is defined. Substitution treatment and national strategies are also defined by the mechanism of emulation. To a lesser extent, a mechanism of...
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Options possible use of methylphenidate as a substitution substance in addiction to methamphetamine
Petrlová, Ivana ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Methamphetamine is currently a leading addictive substance abused by problem drug users on the Czech drug scene. The number of problem drug users of methamphetamine accounts for approximately 73 % of all problem drug users and most of them use methamphetamine for injection. There is no approved effective pharmacotherapy for methamphetamine addiction worldwide. A major benefit for users of methamphetamine due to their number and risks that problem and injecting drug use bring could be substitution treatment such as opiate addiction. Even though there are a few doctors in the Czech republic, who prescribe amphetamine-type drugs to patients diagnosed by F15.2. as a substitution substances, no substance is widely accepted and extended. One of those compounds is methylphenidate hydrochloride known under the trade names Ritalin® and Concerta® .The possibilities of using these substances will be dealt with in my bachelor thesis. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to map out up-to-date knowledge of the use of methylphenidate as a substitution substance in addiction to methamphetamine and describing the possibilities of its potential use for substitution therapy. The bachelor thesis has a research character and works with monographs, published articles and clinical studies dealing with the given issue. The...
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Design of Pilot Clinical Trial of Treatment of Hepatitis C in Polyvalent Problem Drug Users with Pharmacological Substitution of Opioids and Methamphetamine (HCV-PPDUSOM)
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Charles University in Prague First Faculty of Medicine Study programme: Specialization in Health Care Branch of Study: Addictology PharmDr. Bc. Zbyněk Oktábec, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Design of Pilot Clinical Trial of Treatment of Hepatitis C in Polyvalent Problem Drug Users with Pharmacological Substitution of Opioids and Methamphetamine (HCV-PPDUSOM) Master's Thesis Advisor: Mgr. Roman Gabrhelík, Ph.D. Prague, 2016 Abstract Hepatitis C is one of the most serious blood-borne complications of somatic health status of drug users. The HCV-positive injecting drug users are therefore directly indicated for the treatment of this type (and other types also) of hepatitis. Problematic adherence and treatment compliance is obvious in this group. Both foreign and domestic experiences show that stabilization of the use of illegal (and/or illegally acquired) substances is the essential part of the treatment of hepatitis. The interaction of the high quality treatment of somatic, psychosocial and add-on pharmacological care, including the substitution of illegal (and/or illegally acquired) drugs, leads to patient's increased compliance and adherence to HCV treatment. This diploma thesis is presenting both the theoretical frame and the study design of the pilot clinical trial of HCV treatment with the supportive substitution...
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Addictology services in the capital city of Prague with a focus on substitution treatment
Janyška, Jakub ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The thesis is devoted to the issue of addiction services with a focus on substitution treatment. Theoretical part focuses on presenting of susbstitution treatment, its history and description of the substitution substances and their effects on the human body. Describes the abuse of substitution treatment by problem drug users and tries to map out the various addiction treatment services with a focus on substitution treatment in Prague. The research section defines the attitude of society towards the establishment and functioning of Prague substitution centers. The thesis concludes with an overview of addiction services and substitution programs in the capital city of Prague. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Quality of life in clients of the substitution program according the duration of treatment at the Department of Addictology, 1.LF UK a VFN in Prague
Kudrnová, Martina ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Randák, Dušan (referee)
Goals: to focus on the Quality of life in clients of the substitution program according the duration of treatment at the Department of Addictology, 1. LF UK a VFN in Prague. Background: The topic of dissertation was chosen on the basis of a 16-year clinical experience of the author with the target group of clients in methadone substitution. I realized based on long-term observation, that clients go through certain stages of satisfaction with their lives. This may correspond with their functioning in the program. The theoretical part describes the substitution treatment for opiate dependence and quality of life concept. Methods: A total selection method was chosen. Data are collected using a standardized questionnaire World Health Organization - WHOQOL-BREF (short version). File: The research sample consists of 39 patients (out of total of 65 clients of Substitution centre, Department of Addictology First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital in Prague. Results: There were no significant differences in the quality of life in relation to the duration of treatment. The highest quality of life had clients in the category 2-5 years in the program. The lowest score gained clients in category over 5 years. Patients in category of 2 years received an average score. The...
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Secondary and tertiary drug abuse prevention
Havlovičová, Kristina ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This bacelor work deals with the subjective perception of significance of substitution treatment by it's clients. It's aim is to find out, how the clients of this treatment perceive it's significance primarily in their lives. Out of the data gained from the research it is obvious that despite some negatives of the substitution treatment it's clients considers it to be very positive especially because it allows them to get involve in the society and to live the "normal life". Suprisingly, in comparison with the orientation of intact population the clients almost completely ignore the influence of substitution on their state of health and the risk of transer of infection diseases. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Secondary and tertiary drug abuse prevention
Havlovičová, Kristina ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This bacelor work deals with the subjective perception of significance of substitution treatment by it's clients. It's aim is to find out, how the clients of this treatment perceive it's significance primarily in their lives. Out of the data gained from the research it is obvious that despite some negatives of the substitution treatment it's clients considers it to be very positive especially because it allows them to get involve in the society and to live the "normal life". Suprisingly, in comparison with the orientation of intact population the clients almost completely ignore the influence of substitution on their state of health and the risk of transer of infection diseases.
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Bio-psycho-social-spiritual model in the buprenorphine substitutional treatment
Hanus, Richard ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This thesis is focused on the application of holistic, bio-psycho-social-spiritual model of dependence to concrete therapeutic method, namely to the substitution treatment of persons dependent on opiate addictive substances with synthetic opioid buprenorphine. The aim is to describe the essence of BPSS model of addiction, with the specifics of opiate addiction, and the treatment system based on it. Also, to show substitution therapy as one of the most effective methods that improves quality of a dependent person's life. Further, to confirm the need for a holistic perception of substitution treatment when ersatz drug use itself is not a real chance for dependent persons, unless such treatment is accompanied by psychosocial and spiritual therapeutic approach. Another objective is to map the risk that, in practice, the substitution therapy initiation in a holistic range brings in the context of contemporary reality. The work will consider approach bases to opiate addicts, especially the optics of lifelong abstinence versus controlled use, leading to better quality of dependent person's life. Theoretic base of the thesis is the theory of bio-psycho-social-spiritual model of dependence and the possibility of its application to the chosen concrete curative therapeutic approach - substitution treatment...
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