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Diesel Particulate Filters
Haratek, Marek ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on creation of particulate matter during combustion in diesel engines and their trapping in DPF systems. The first part deals with particulate matter and emission standards in Europe and USA. There is described filtration principle, types of regeneration and DPF variants in the second part. Afterwards the thesis is concentrated on particular DPF system applications used by representative car makers and there is also introduced range of products of some diesel particulate filter manufacturers, including description of construction variants and used regeneration technologies.
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DPF for CI Engines
Hanák, Jiří ; Řehák, Kamil (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes formation of harmful particles during combustion cycle of diesel engine and blocking its spreading into atmosphere using diesel particulate filters. First part of this thesis looks into types and mechanisms of formation of these particles including regulations of its maximal value in atmosphere thanks to emission regulations. Then this thesis summarizes principles of diesel particulate filters´ functioning, their types, methods of construction and regeneration. Also, there are described systems of diesel particulate filters with diesel engine and practical solutions. In conclusion, this thesis deals with problematic combinations of diesel particulate filters and diesel engines and outlines possible future development.
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Improving the parameters of the prototype of self-loading water sweeper superstructure
Vraspír, Kamil ; Trávníček, Petr (referee) ; Kotek, Luboš (advisor)
This thesis explores development stages of a Self-loading water sweeper superstructure prototype. The theoretical part describes thoroughfares in terms of pollution, various types of cleaning machines currently in use and a detailed description of the FMEA method, which was used for identification of potential failure modes and risk mitigation. Stages of measurement and superstructure parameter improvement are proposed, executed and described in the practical part. In these stages, creation of model documentation, verification of functionality and stage of analysis FMEA are included. Furthermore, this section describes the results of tests devised to validate key superstructure parameters. The result of the work is a functional Self-loading water sweeper superstructure prototype, confirmation of key superstructure functional parameters and a draft of a series of improvement measures aimed at eliminating potential risks associated with operation of the superstructure.
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Small-scale electrostatic precipitator for domestic wood-burning appliances
Kantor, Tomáš ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Brázdil, Marian (advisor)
Master thesis deals with design of electrostatic precipitator for domestic wood-burning appliances. In the opening chapters, principles of electrostatic precipitation are described and a study of existing electrostatic precipitators for domestic combustion devices is made. In the practical part of the thesis, a mathematical model of electrostatic precipitator was created. Based on the mathematical model, electrostatic precipitator was designed and its performance parameters predicted.
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Application of a novel continuous sampler for the determination of compounds in ultrafine aerosol
Hlaváčková, Hana ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Alexa,, Lukáš (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the use of new type of continuous sampler for the determination of compounds in ultra-fine aerosol. The aim of the study was to optimize parameters of the aerosol sampler CGU-ACTJU (Condensation-Growth Unit – Aerosol Counterflow Two-Jets Unit) and its application for the real aerosol samples. The ACTJU sampler connected to upstreamed CGU enables sampling of ultra-fine fraction of particulate matter to the diameter about few nanometers. The measured results from CGU-ACTJU were compared with commercial sampler (cascade impactor) with subsequent offline analysis. The atmospheric aerosol was sampled in two campaigns (July–August 2021 and February 2022) on the terrace of Institute of Analytical Chemistry of CAS in Brno. Theoretical part of the study contains information about analytical methods for the characterization of aerosol, the experimental part describes used methods in detail and the results of experiments are discussed.
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Influence of traffic volume and meteorological conditions on the air pollution
Vojtěchová, Ivana ; Kotlík, Josef (referee) ; Adamec,, Vladimír (advisor)
Transport, whose intensity year by year increase, has assuredly influence on air quality. This issue solution will be focused especially on localities burden with transport in urban areas. The contribution of transport to increased values of air pollution will be evaluated with regards to meteorological conditions. Background stations from Czech Hydrometeorological Institute categorization will be chosen such as comparative sites. Pollutants emitted from traffic such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide will be observed except meteorological conditions.
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Spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in urban and rural environment
Bendl, Jan ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Mikuška, Pavel (referee) ; Vojtíšek, Michal (referee)
Air quality in Europe remains a significant environmental concern, affecting the health and quality of life of its population. While stationary network ambient air quality monitoring allows for the observation of main trends, it is not fully representative of personal exposure of citizens due to high spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric aerosol. Therefore, highly time-and- space resolved measurements with state-of-the-art instruments and methods are needed to observe the aerosol variability, dynamics, identify hot-spots, and pollution sources, which are necessary for successful targeted mitigation measures. This thesis addresses this gap focusing on the characterization of spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in inhabited environments. Novel mobile measurement systems were developed and employed to investigate diverse environments, including rural, urban and suburban area. Aerosol source-apportionment were conducted, and the toxicological effects associated with these environments were also investigated. A novel mobile measurement system was developed for personal exposure measurements and pollution mapping in urban and rural environments. The system was used to measure air quality in the Munich subway, revealing high aerosol dynamics with significantly higher concentrations of...
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Dosing of particulate matter in rotary driers and rotary kilns
Kubín, Pavel ; Hudák, Igor (referee) ; Bojanovský, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on particulate matter dosing into rotary dryers. In the theoretical part, the thesis focuses on the mechanical properties of particulate matter (PM), especially the flow properties. The method of determining these properties is also men-tioned. The following part deals with the currently used PM dosing methods. The basic methods of dosing are listed here and their combination can subsequently lead to a complex dosing system. The practical part contains two designs of sewage sludge dosing systems and a comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. It also lists the boundary conditions to be considered before starting the design of such a dosing device.
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