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The DPF and SCR systems
Novodomský, Tomáš ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with exhaust emission reducing systems for diesel engines. The first part is devoted to the composition of exhaust gases and emission standards. The thesis analyses the formation of solid particles, their regulation by the DPF system and its various variants. Further the principle of reducing the nitrogen oxide content in the exhaust gases by the selective catalytic reduction system is described. In the final part, there is a reflection on the future of emission reduction systems, emission standards and alternative drives.
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Electrostatic precipitator for household wood firing boiler
Preisler, Lukáš ; Skála, Zdeněk (referee) ; Brázdil, Marian (advisor)
This diploma thesis aims on the development of an experimental electrostatic precipitator for household wood firing boiler. First, a literature review was conducted, aiming on the description of the precipitator using physical relations and, on its basis, a numerical model was created. By applying the numerical model, the precipitator configuration was designed as well as the engineering design of the whole system. The chosen configuration was validated by measurement using the corona discharge starting at voltage of 6,5 kV. By applying modifications, the electrostatic precipitator was built and tested during a running boiler. Due to flue gas condensation and load, corona discharge did not initiate, and the parameters were not validated. Modifications in the construction design were suggested leading to launch the electrostatic precipitator. The main requirement is a surface finishing of wire hinging components.
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Gasoline Particulate Filters
Kadlček, František ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This research deals with particulate matter, its origin and harmfulness, focusing on filters that trap these carcinogenic particles from exhaust gases. The work also lists emission stand-ards that affect the requirements for filtering efficiency of the equipment. Furthermore, the functions of specific components are described and the principle of filter regeneration is explained.
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Characterization of Metals in Atmospheric Aerosol
Cigánková, Hana ; Ličbinský, Roman (referee) ; Vojtíšek,, Michal (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
The presented doctoral thesis deals with the characterization of elements in two size fractions of urban aerosol, which was sampled in all seasons on the terrace of the Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS in Brno in 2018. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the basic information about the analysis and health risks of atmospheric aerosol and metals bound to aerosol. Furthermore, the work describes methods for determining the inhalation bioaccessibility of aerosol particles and methods used for the determination of oxidative potential. The first part of the thesis describes in detail the sampling and analysis of urban aerosol particles. The mass concentration of both aerosol size fractions and the total concentration of 21 elements were determined. The probable sources of the analysed elements were calculated using the enrichment factor and positive matrix factorization. The second part of the thesis deals with the determination of the oxidative potential of the aerosol and bioaccessible concentration of the analysed elements in three simulated lung fluids (deionized water, simulated alveoli fluid, Gamble solution). In addition to determining the oxidative potential of real samples, the oxidative potential of individual elements was also analysed. From the obtained results was calculated the probable contribution of the elements to the measured oxidative potential.
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Diesel Particulate Filters
Haratek, Marek ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on creation of particulate matter during combustion in diesel engines and their trapping in DPF systems. The first part deals with particulate matter and emission standards in Europe and USA. There is described filtration principle, types of regeneration and DPF variants in the second part. Afterwards the thesis is concentrated on particular DPF system applications used by representative car makers and there is also introduced range of products of some diesel particulate filter manufacturers, including description of construction variants and used regeneration technologies.
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DPF for CI Engines
Hanák, Jiří ; Řehák, Kamil (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes formation of harmful particles during combustion cycle of diesel engine and blocking its spreading into atmosphere using diesel particulate filters. First part of this thesis looks into types and mechanisms of formation of these particles including regulations of its maximal value in atmosphere thanks to emission regulations. Then this thesis summarizes principles of diesel particulate filters´ functioning, their types, methods of construction and regeneration. Also, there are described systems of diesel particulate filters with diesel engine and practical solutions. In conclusion, this thesis deals with problematic combinations of diesel particulate filters and diesel engines and outlines possible future development.
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Improving the parameters of the prototype of self-loading water sweeper superstructure
Vraspír, Kamil ; Trávníček, Petr (referee) ; Kotek, Luboš (advisor)
This thesis explores development stages of a Self-loading water sweeper superstructure prototype. The theoretical part describes thoroughfares in terms of pollution, various types of cleaning machines currently in use and a detailed description of the FMEA method, which was used for identification of potential failure modes and risk mitigation. Stages of measurement and superstructure parameter improvement are proposed, executed and described in the practical part. In these stages, creation of model documentation, verification of functionality and stage of analysis FMEA are included. Furthermore, this section describes the results of tests devised to validate key superstructure parameters. The result of the work is a functional Self-loading water sweeper superstructure prototype, confirmation of key superstructure functional parameters and a draft of a series of improvement measures aimed at eliminating potential risks associated with operation of the superstructure.
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