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Neurotraining in tennis
Gavendová, Karolína ; Kočíb, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: Neuro-athletic training in tennis Objectives: The bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and its aim is to inform about neuro-athletic training and the possibilities of including this training in the tennis preparation of players of different age categories. At the same time, the theoretical part also provides a basic overview of the central nervous system and sensory systems on which neuro-athletic training is built. The goal of the second part is to create a stack of exercises that neuro-athletic training uses for tennis players of different age categories. The set of exercises will be divided into four sections - evaluation of training results, general exercises for visual, vestibular and proprioceptive training, neuro-athletic exercises for speed development, neuro-athletic exercises for strength development. Methods: In the theoretical part, we analyzed literature, internet resources and videos dealing with the topic of neuro-athletic training. Based on the analysis, we synthesized the individual findings in order to create a clear information base on the physiological aspects of tennis, the central nervous system and sensory senses, neuro-athletic training. Based on this information, we selected suitable neuro- athletic exercises and created a stack of...
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Cognitive and behavioral alterations in neurodevelopmental and pharmacological animal models of schizophrenia
Malenínská, Kristýna ; Stuchlík, Aleš (advisor) ; Blahna, Karel (referee) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Establishing reliable animal models of psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia is essential to better understand the neurobiological, behavioural and genetic basis of the disorder and to develop new drugs with greater therapeutic efficacy. These models allow the study of different aspects of schizophrenia, including positive, negative and cognitive symptoms similar to schizophrenia. All available animal models of schizophrenia can be divided into four different categories of induction: developmental, pharmacological, genetic and lesion-induced. However, none of these models perfectly replicates all aspects of schizophrenia in humans, and it is therefore necessary to precisely define the influence of each manipulation. This thesis focuses on the study of pharmacological and developmental animal models of schizophrenia, with an emphasis on examining the cognitive and behavioral changes associated with the disorder. Specifically, we investigated the pharmacological induction of schizophrenia- like symptoms by acute administration of MK-801, developmental models of two interventions combining the maternal immune response following poly(I:C) administration and subsequent stress of offspring in adolescence, and repeated prenatal and neonatal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In the...
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Anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective
Záplatová, Klára ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
Barchelor thesis focuses on anxiety disorders from a biological and psychological perspective. This thesis aims to provide anxiety disorders in their entireness. For this reason, thesis focuses on psychological and physical symptoms of anxiety. Topic contains unconscious symptoms manifesting inside of a man. Thesis is divided into two main parts. First one consists of literature review, the second one consists of experiment design. Experiment design deals with physiological symptoms of social phobia. It is focused on specific brain areas and cortisol level in anxiety feeling as well as to feeling of a man during the experiment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Emotion Recognition from Brain Electroencephalogram (EEG) Signals
Fritz, Karel ; Jawed, Soyiba (referee) ; Malik, Aamir Saeed (advisor)
Tato studie se zaměřuje na klasifikaci emocí z elektroencefalogramu (EEG). Kombinuje znalosti o fyziologii mozku (a emocí), s frekvenční analýzou, analýzou složitosti, zpracov- áním signálů a hlubokým strojovým učením (CNN, GNN). Cílem této práce je vytvořit model pro klasifikaci emocí a poskytnout nové náhledy do rozpoznávání emocí z EEG. Vytvořené modely stojí na principech CNN, GNN, multitask a self supervised tréninku. Jedním z výsledků bylo dosažení State of the Art výsledků na datasetu SEED. Proces porozumění této úloze sdílím na konci této práce.
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Disorders of brain energy metabolism in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease
Řezáčová, Adéla ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Kolář, David (referee)
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases belong to group of neurodegenerative diseases that affect not only the patients, but also their surroundings. Patients of those diseases gradually lose their neurons. Both disorders are typical for pathophysiological accumulation of proteins which affect the functioning of neurons and astrocytes. These disorders are also characterised by mitochondrial senescence and its damages which itself manifest by dysfunction of various complexes. Furthermore, in both diseases, there can be found insulin resistance, which leads to an insufficient insulin signalization. Both diseases are also accompanied by impaired metabolisms of amino acids. With Alzheimer's disease, there is significantly lowered metabolism of glucose, whereas with Parkinson's disease, there is not enough stimulation for action potential to proceed in dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. These impairments in Alzheimer's disease cause cognitive dysfunction, while with Parkinson's disease, these defects predominantly lead to complications with motor function. By studying energetic changes in presented diseases could bring more effective treatment.
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Deep-learning based segmentation of pathological tissue in brain MR images
Nantl, Ondřej ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Chmelík, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of segmentation of ischemic tissue in T1 weighted MRI image data using deep learning methods. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of brain, brain imaging using MRI, available datasets for automatic segmentation of pathological brain tissue and automatic deep learning methods for segmentation of ischemic brain tissue. In the practical part the used dataset and its preprocessing, as well as the proposed deep learning methods (U-Net) and their training, are described. The models were implemented using Python. Finally, the results of the models are presented and discussed.
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CMP (STROKE) - ALGORITHM OF EXAMINATION METHODS
MACKOVÁ, Pavlína
The bachelor thesis on CMP (stroke) - algorithm of examination methods deals with the disease of stroke, its definition, methods of examination, possible treatment and students' knowledge about this disease. The main objective of this study was to learn about the algorithm of examination methods in stroke and to find out the awareness of the respondents about this topic. The research question was: What is the awareness of the respondents about the process of examination and diagnosis of CMP? The thesis is divided into a theoretical section and a practical section. The first part focuses on the current state. Here the vascular supply to the brain, stroke, algorithm of examination methods and treatment of stroke are covered. Overall, the thesis is divided into six main chapters. The practical part deals with the questionnaire survey. The research purpose of this thesis was fulfilled by means of a questionnaire survey among Radiology Assisting students and Public Protection students with a focus on CBRNE. The questionnaire developed was the same for both groups of students. It was a standardized questionnaire with a choice of one answer each time. The resulting answers were then evaluated in clear graphs. The results of the conducted survey can offer us students' perspectives on anatomical knowledge of the brain, basic information about stroke, selected types of stroke examinations and stroke treatment. In addition, results from Radiology Assisting students and results from Public Protection students with a CBRNE focus can be compared to each other. The results can show us where students make the most mistakes and what information they know instead. Thus, the work can serve as a study material for students of all medical disciplines.
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Craniocerebral injuries in motorbikers
HEJNOVÁ, Anna
This thesis focuses on the craniocerebral injuries in motorcyclists. It is divided into a theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part I have described the anatomy of the human skull and the brain. I have also described the mechanics of injuries on a one track vehicle and the most common types of craniocerebral injuries which are the focus of my thesis. The last chapter focuses on the immediate care necessary in patients that have suffered cranial trauma. The practical part of my paper contains excerpts of interviews conducted at random with members of the South Bohemian Emergency Medical Services. In this part of my thesis I focused on two goals. The first was to map out the knowledge of emergency workers which are not doctors regarding cranial cerebral injuries. The second was to find out their procedures in treating cranial trauma patients injured on motorcycles. This way I was able to map out the procedures used by non-medical emergency personnel when treating a motorcycle accident patient with craniocerebral injuries. To reach my conclusions I used a highly effective research method in which I questioned 10 informants in the form of a semistructured interview. The results of the interviews point to the fact that the non-medical emergency professionals have the theoretical knowledge of craniocerebral injuries and were able to name the particular symptoms and complications associated with them. However some of them were confused about some specifics. They were able to name the different types of these injuries. When it came to being able to name and identify the different types of helmets available most admitted that they weren't well informed. When it came to helmet removal the results were positive pointing to their awareness of the correct procedure. They also proved to be skilled in the placement of a neck brace/collar. When asked about therapy their answers were mostly chaotic.
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Measuring scales as a part of modern nursing of a patient with brain injury.
MAROVÁ, Markéta
My diploma thesis deals with measuring scales, which are a part of modern nursing care of a patient with a brain injury. The aim of my work was to find out how nurses use measuring scales, to analyze difficult areas of the patient throughout the disease by using measuring scales, to observe in which way measuring scales help patients and in which way they help nurses. We laid down four investigative questions to fulfill these goals: In which way do the nurses work with measuring scales? Which are difficult areas of the patient with brain injury during his disease? In which way do the measuring scales help patients? In which way do these help nurses? The research part of my work was implemented in the form of quality approach through semi-structured approach and case study. The research sample consists of twenty probands - fifteen nurses meeting patients with brain injuries within their work and five patiens with brain injuries. Results of the research investigation show that nurses use measuring scales during their work nearly all the time of patients hospitalization. Majority of them already became acquainted with measuring scales during their studies, at least theoretically. These nurses would appreciate learning how to use them more practically. Superiors require using measuring scales by nurses. It is proved that nurses use very similar measuring scales at their departments with minor exceptions. Nurses responding in our research in majority of cases do not use special measuring scales for patients with brain injuries and their awareness of these is minimal. They agree Glasgow Coma Scale is considered to be the most important one. My research revealed minor deficiences in work with measuring scales. It also showed many problems which patients with brain injuries must deal with.The results of my research also show that measuring scales can help both nurses and patients in many ways.
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The preparation and characterization of IGF2 prohormones
Potalitsyn, Pavlo ; Žáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Obšilová, Veronika (referee) ; Hudeček, Jiří (referee)
Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 are protein hormones that share similar structural and functional features with insulin. They are commonly abbreviated as IGF1 and IGF2. They play important roles in prenatal development and throughout lifespan. Stimulation of growth of all cell types and significant metabolic effects also belong among their known functions. Dysregulation of their activity or elevated levels were observed in a number of diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2, cancer, hyperthyroidism, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscle dystrophy, acromegaly, Laron dwarfism and other disorders. Functions of IGF2 are less studied than functions of the other members of the family and even less is known about precursors of IGF2. To address these issues we started with production of IGF2 analogues with enhanced specificity to IR for better understanding the mechanism of receptor activation by IGF2. We produced site-specific analogues modified at sites important for receptor binding. IGF2 analogue with Phe48His mutation is the strongest IGF2-derived binder for IR-A reported ever and it is able to activate IR-A to about 60% of insulin ability. We developed new rapid, robust, and sensitive binding assays for testing of ligands of the receptor for IGF2 (IGF2R). First, we immobilized domain 11 of...
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