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Age estimation based on human dentice
Černá, Magdaléna ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
Age estimation plays a very important role not only in forensic and biomedicinal anthropology, but also in other disciplines, such as bioarcheologie or paleoanthropology. Teeth are considered the most reliable age indicators during childhood and adolescence. Teeth are resistant to the effects of external and internal factors, and because of that they decay a long time after a death of an individual. While age estimation in children and adolescents can be based on mineralization or eruption of the teeth, in adults it is focused on retrogressive changes in dentition. There have been established several methods and their modification for age assessment based on these criteria. This thesis aims to generally summarize tthe principles and methods of age estimation based on dentition both in immature and adult individuals.
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Determination of toxic elements in wines
Hajdučková, Iva ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of selected toxic elements in wine. The theoretical part described technology of wine production and selected toxic elements (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel and chromium) in the terms of their impact on wine quality and their effects on the human organism. It provides an overview of instrumental analytical methods, which can be used for the analysis of toxic metals. In the experimental part inductively coupled mass spektrometry technique was used for the analysis of wine samples. The measured values are statistically processed and compared with current legislation.
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Selected inorganic pollutants in foodstuffs
Kroupová, Kateřina ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focus on occurrence of inorganic pollutants in foodstuffs. The introduction is dedicated to apperance of individual selected elements in foodstuffs. Concentration of these elements is very important factor for examination of toxic effects for the human organism. If we want to avoid the harmful effects to the human organism, we have to define border limits. Work is based on the legislative of Czech republic. Second part of this study is focused on the biological monitoring. The biological monitoring is important for precautionary measures. In the third part of this study are described toxical effects of these elements to the human organism. Before qualitative and quantitative analysis by instrumental techniques is important to properly take the sample. In the fourth and fifth part of this work are mentioned methods used for determination of these elements and metods of taking samples. This bachelor thesis provide complex view on the problems of pollutants in foodstuffs and it should be used as a base for following diploma thesis.
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Effect of P Enrichment on Rhizodeposit Quantity and Bioavailability: a Comparison of Two Macrophyte Species
KUBEŠOVÁ, Jaroslava
A review on plant rhizodeposition, nutrient uptake and interactions with rhizosphere microbial community is presented. Based on reviewed findings, a study on rhizodeposition rates and rhizodeposits bioavailability of two macrophyte species with different life strategies (stress-tolerator and competitor) was conducted. The effects of P addition and sediment type on rhizodeposition and microbial activity were examined. Research was carried out in tropical marshes of Belize; results from field were supported by C partitioning mesocosm study. This project was supported by NSF # 0089211 and ME 912.
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Microstructure of a tribosphenic molar - comparative analysis
ŠPOUTIL, František
The proposed thesis concerns in the study of tribosphenic molar, the key apomorphy of mammalian clade, mainly in structure and development of its enamel coat. As the main model species served us European vespertilionid bat Myotis myotis. The aims of this thesis are: (1) to describe structure and microstructure of enamel in tribosphenic molars in detail; (2) to compare it with unicuspid teeth of the same dentition; (3) to describe mineralization process and enamel maturation in insectivorous dentition; (4) to describe late odontogenesis in molars of insectivorous dentition and its interlacing with enamel maturation, and how they come to occlusion.
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The proportion of minerals in the soil of selected layers in the region of Stropnicko
KOTOUSOVÁ, Zdeňka
My work targets the change in content of the organic soil karbon and basic cations in relation to changes of area usage and agricultural management of the chosen special {--} interest places of Stropnicko. In the monitored period from 2001 till 2007, the soil organic mass markedly fell off. The greatest decline was in the forest ecosystem in all researched basins. Decline of organic soil karbon content was also found on permanent grass growth, but it was much less than in the forests. On the contrary mild improvement turns out on the arable land. Next pH value of soil leach was monitored. The greatest change was shown in the forests. The greatest increase of PH value was at the area of Pasecký potok. In other basins, expected Veverský potok, pH value increased too. On the contrary, there is decline of pH value on the permanent grass growth and arable land . There were not statistically great advancements between 2001 and 2007 in the soil mineral reserve, especially of the basic soil cations. The significant decline of sodium is the exception. I have suggested steps that lead to the steady way of farming in the agricultural foothills. I have recommended to increase supplied barnyard manure into arable land, the optimalization of cow units for pasture area and the gradation of the forest communities to deciduous, eventually mixed stands, according to the vegetation levels.
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