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Parliamentary Elections in Latvia 2018
Hvězda, Jan ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is a case study of the thirteenth parliamentary election in Latvia that took place on October 6, 2018. The first chapter introduces the political and party system of Latvia and its development after the breakdown of the Soviet Union. At the same time, it observes the election results since 1993 until 2014. The following chapter introduces political parties that took part in 2018 parliamentary election. Three of them are introduced more closely. The text is concerned with their election programmes as well as political affairs. The next chapter is crucial for the study - it describes the long-lasting negotiations resulting in the establishment of the ruling coalition. The result is afterwards reflected by the theory of coalitions. The thesis will try to answer the question why the great coalition of five parties was formed instead of the minimal winning coalition.
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Movement ANO 2011 in Local Coalitions: Case Study of Large Cities
Hlušička, Filip ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
This diploma thesis presents Hnutí ANO 2011 as a Czech local governance participant. Having put emphasis on ANO's local organizations, the diploma thesis deals with particular situations in selected statutory cities during the 2014-2018 electoral cycle. As the electoral cycle went by, internal problems in local organizations emerged which ended up with party board abolishing some of the organizations. Coalitions in which ANO participated also were affected by those problems. In some cities, however, coalitions persisted and ANO local organizations had not suffer with internal problems, study of which also became a part of the research in the thesis. Having a strong leader from the business environment and limited membership, ANO 2011 is considered to be a business-firm party focused on marketing strategies and external specialists. As a typical business-firm party instance Forza Italia can be named, established in 1990s by Italian businessman and future prime minister Silvio Berlusconi. Business-firm party character of ANO may affect local governance where ANO's local organizations follow ANO party board's instructions and those organizations lack of autonomy to make their own political decisions.
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Negotiations on the executive coalition after parliamentary elections in 2017 in the Czech Republic
Kornetová, Kateřina ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with the political situation in the Czech Republic since the parliamentary elections in October 2017 till the successful vote on the government's confidence in July 2018. It focuses specifically on the relations between the political parties, the reasons for refusing cooperation with the winner of the elections, and the motives for a participation on the executive coalition. Emphasis is placed on the parliamentary actors who have fundamentally influenced the emergence of the government. Furthermore, the work clarifies the social environment and important events during the period that was related to the coalition negotiations. At the same time, the text focuses on the role of the President in the formation of the government. Since he is the first directly elected president, the thesis tries to answer the question whether there are visible differences between the two previous indirectly elected presidents of the Czech Republic and current president Miloš Zeman. The thesis also examines the breadth of presidential powers over the government and seeks a possible overrun of powers. The main objective of the work is to verify whether the president extends his power beyond the constitution. For this purpose is uses the comparison of realities with the Constitution of the Czech Republic,...
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The Formation of coalitions against the Islamic State
Pinkas, Šimon ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
In this bachelor thesis, I will be exploring the process of formation of coalitions in the context of war against Islamic State in the region of Near and Middle East. Through this analysis, I will try to test the Balance of Threat theory, conceived by Stephen Walt, whose main assumption is a severe influence of the aspect of threat on the state's coalition policy. Coalitions are important phenomena on the international scene, often being crucial for the next political development, researching them is both instructive and beneficial. In this thesis, I will firstly summarize the assumptions of the theory concerning the formation of coalitions and follow up with the analysis of all state-actors participating in my research, according to the qualities needed for successful test of the theory. Then I will explore the coalition making process that led to formation of the main coalitions against ISIS. Finally, according to the data from this analysis, I will decide whether the Balance of Threat theory is or is not valid.
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Effectiveness of the decision-making process in the WTO - the Uruguay and Doha round
Jánská, Lucie ; Karlas, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
The study examines multilateral negotiation in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and later in the World Trade Organization. It analyses the effectiveness of the decision-making process on the liberalization of trade in agricultural products in the Uruguay and Doha rounds of negotiations. Agriculture seems to be the most problematic and the most controversial issue on the agenda during the both rounds of negotiations. The aim of the study is to analyse the negotiation processes in selected cases and compare them to identify factors explaining the difference in the effectiveness of the decision-making process between Uruguay and Doha round. The study also attempts to clarify why it is so complicated to conclude the Doha round after more than fifteen years of negotiations. Therefore, six factors with presumed influence on the effectiveness of the decision-making process are defined in the theoretical part of the study: number of actors, leadership, inclusiveness of negotiation, agenda complexity, coalitions and strategies of actors. The degree of influence of these factors is then tested in the practical part of the study. The study assumes that the efficiency of the decision-making process is increased by the reduced number of active actors in the negotiation, the willingness of the actors...
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Parliamentary elections in Slovakia in 2016: Analysis of the causes of election results and post-election negotiations
Trojanová, Tereza ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
Cílem práce je analyzovat příčiny výsledků parlamentních voleb na Slovensku konaných v teoretické části práce je na základě Ústavy SR nejprve popsán průběh sestavování vlády. Dále je prostor věnován důrazem na koaliční vládnutí, teo následujících voleb totiž měla na základě vývoje průzkumu voličských preferencí vzejít právě koaliční vláda. Důležitou součást tvoří také olebního systému, které značně ovlivňují politickou soutěž. nějž navazuje vývoj a podoba stranického systému na Slovensku. Následující část volební kampaně a předvolebních možnostech sestavení vlády. Samotné výsledky voleb jsou poté analyzovány zejména ve snaze nalézt příčiny klesající SD a obecně tradičních stran, propadu strany #Sieť a posílení povolebního rokování tvoří závěrečný úsek práce, v němž jsou srovnány předvolební a povolební rétoriky politiků stran, které spolu posléze vytvořily
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Analysis: Liberal Democrats electoral debacle in 2015 general election
Kodat, Martin ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
This work is an analysis of Liberal Democrats election debacle that this party suffered in general election 2015. Analyisi itself consist of two two areas. First of them is voting system FPTP and its impact on small political parties - under representation. Based on quantitative analysis of those constituencies where Liberal Democrats were defending their seats and lost. Result of this analysis proves that voting system FPTP is one of the reasons why Liberal Democrats suffered such an election debacle. As a reset of underepresentation, Liberal Democrats lost more constituencies then they would have, if different voting system was applied. Second part of this analysis focus on Liberal Democrats manifesto and its key points - tuition fees and electoral reform. These are two typice liberal issues which were emphasize during election campaign, yet weren't included in coalition agreement. By using polls results, I analyse how these issues had an impact on Liberal Democrats when they were debated in house of commons in case of tuition fees, and during referendum on electoral reform. Polls results prove that voters turn away from Liberal Democrats when these two issues were in headlights.
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Local Coalitions: the Relevance of Ideological Distance
Hlaváč, Miroslav ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
The thesis analyses the influence of ideological distance to the formation of executive coalitions at the municipal level. The thesis attempts to determine which factors are reflected in the formation of executive coalitions, how the decision-making processes are functioning at the municipal level and what kind of actors we can determine in this processes. There is also a question if there is a difference between ideological distance of political actors at national and municipal level. Another part of the thesis deals with the possible cleavages between the long- term political subjects in the municipal council and the subjects, which are new in the municipal council. In the empirical part of the thesis there is a comparative case study on the sample of five municipalities from the municipal district of Pilsen-South - five largest municipalities in the district with the population over 3500 were examined: Přeštice, Dobřany, Blovice, Nepomuk and Stod. The field of research was conducted in these municipalities through the semi-structured interviews with the mayors and some other local politicians. An analysis of the election results in these municipalities is also included. This thesis should determine if the research about ideological distance at the municipal level has the meaningful purpose and...
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The Immigration Policy of Norway after 2011
Vostřáková, Marcela ; Hořejšová, Tereza (advisor) ; Bauer, Paul (referee)
The Master thesis "The Immigration Policy of Norway after 2011" deals with Norwegian immigration policy, specifically with changes of immigration policy which took place after 2011. In July of this year, the attacks of Andres Breivik happened in the downtown of Oslo and on the island of Utøya. In the following years, the Norwegian immigration policy begin to change firstly gradually, than the changes occurred in faster pace, since the new coalition of Conservative Party and Progress Party began to rule after the General Election in autumn 2013. The goal of this Master thesis is to introduce changes in Norwegian immigration policy which took place after 2011, and find out what was behind these changes and thus was the cause of them. The thesis uses theoretical approaches explaining how policy change can happen, Punctuated Equilibrium Theory and Advocacy Coalition Framework. The first approach clarifies change of policy through period of disequilibrium which is caused by critical event. Second approach then illustrates that policy can change because the cooperation of political elite. Main research question of this Master thesis is how the Norwegian immigration policy has changed since 2011. Hypothesis then, that the Norwegian immigration policy has changed during the last for years, and not just...
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