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Induction of neurogenesis and gliogenesis after ischemic injury of CNS
Filipová, Marcela ; Anděrová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Moravec, Jan (referee)
Ischemic injury (stroke) is one of the most common causes of death and disability in humans. Discovery of adult neurogenesis and possibilities to induce neurogenesis by cytokines brought new approaches and hopes in treating the ischemic lesion in future. The aim of this thesis is to describe cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurogenesis, mainly those discovered within last ten years. The first part describes generation of new neurons in the brain under physiological conditions, which is localized in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles (i.e. in principal neurogenic regions). The second part describes animal models used for studying ischemic injury in rodents and moreover, it focuses on patophysiology of ischemic brain injury, which is accompanied by astrocyte and microglia activation. Further, the ischemia-induced neurogenesis is described in these two major neurogenic regions. Also the important role of NG2 glial cells in central nervous system (CNS) regeneration is pointed out. According to recent findings NG2 glia that are present in all regions of CNS might serve as a potential source of cells for directed differentiation into oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and even neurons during CNS repair/regeneration. In the last part of this work,...
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Case study of the physiotherapy treatment of a patient after stroke with right hemiparesis
Wagenknecht, Štěpán ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Voráčová, Helena (referee)
Title: Case study of the physiotherapy treatment of a patient after stroke with right hemiparesis. Aims: The aim of this thesis was to gain theoretical knowledge about stroke and the development of case study of a patient after ischemic stroke with right hemiparesis. Summary: This bachelor thesis deals with the stroke. The thesis consists of two parts. In the general section is described the definition of stroke, anatomy of the blood supply of the brain, epidemiology, classification, risk factors of stroke. The following chapters solve directly the ischemic stroke, its pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and treatment. The conclusion of this part is devoted to comprehensive rehabilitative care for patients after stroke, including a description of appropriate physiotherapy techniques. The special part is about a case study of the physiotherapy care of the patient after stroke with right hemiparesis. This part contains a complete kinesiology analysis, course of treatment and final evaluation. Data for processing the special part were obtained in the term 15.1. - 5. 2. 2016 during the clinical practise in Vršovická zdravotní, a.s. Keywords: Stroke, ischemic stroke, left hemiparesis, physiotherapy procedures and methods.
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CASE STUDY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT OF A PATIENT AFTER STROKE
Nechvátalová, Vendula ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Křížková, Štěpánka (referee)
CASE STUDY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT OF A PATIENT AFTER STROKE Objectives: Theoretical analysis of after stroke anamnesis and elaboration of physiotherapy procedures. Methods: This bachelor thesis was done with the patient's consent within practice at Regional hospital Kladno at the Rehabilitation Department from January 6th to January 31st 2014. The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical and special part. The theoretical part includes basic characteristics of the illness, ethiopathogenesis, incidence, diagnostics, treatment and options of physiotherapy methods. The special part contains the after stroke patient's case concept, processes and the effects of his therapy. Results: Patient's condition, daily activities, movements, spatial orientation, muscular strength and physical condition have improved after the therapy. Keywords: Ischemic stroke, rehabilitation after stroke, hemiparesis, spasticity, physiotherapy.
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The case study of a physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient with stroke and total hip arthroplasty
Čechová, Alena ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hankovcová, Eva (referee)
Title: The case study of a physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient with stroke and total hip arthroplasty. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to analysis a theoretical knowledge about stroke and total hip arthroplasty and elaboration of physiotherapy treatment schedule in the form of an patient with these two diagnosis case study. Methods: This bachelor thesis elaborate stroke and total hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture. The thesis is divided into two parts - general and special. I deal with patient's diagnosis in general part of thesis. I describe ethiopatogenesis of stroke, ischemia in carotid artery in detail and I deal with chronic stroke rehabilitation. Further I elaborate anatomy and kinesiology of hip joint, femoral neck fracture and its treatment. In the end I combine these two diagnosis because femoral neck fracture is common complication of a stroke. Special part include case study of a patient with ischemic stroke and total hip arthroplasty. The physiotherapy treatment is described here in detail, also input and output kinesiology analysis, short - term and long - term therapy plan and evaluation of therapy effect are here. The case study was processed during my internship in the Military University Hospital in Prague at the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in the...
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Physiotherapy Case-Study: Rehabilitation of a patient after Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident
Cattozzo, Giammaria ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Giammaria Cattozzo ABSTRACT The aim of the present thesis is to present the case-study of a patient during the rehabilitation from an ischemic cerebrovascular accident (iCVA) in acute and sub-acute state. This document is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The former presents an introduction to the iCVA, its pathophysiology, incidence, main causes, somatic effects and physiotherapeutic treatments. The latter, the kinesiological examination of the patient (initial and final) and the daily procedures performed during the rehabilitation period. In the end, a comparison between the initial and conclusive kinesiologic examination is presented, aiming to highlight the beneficial effects of the treatment. The structure where the practical realisation of the case-study took place is the Rehabilitační nemocnice Beroun. The placement period went form the 18thJanuary until the 12thFebruary 2021. Keywords: ischemic cerebrovascular accident, iCVA, ischemic stroke, case study, spasticity, physiotherapy.
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Case Study of Physical Therapy Treatment of a Patient after Stroke with Left Hemiparesis .
Kholová, Štěpánka ; Opatrná Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Biskup, Šimon (referee)
Title: Case study of physical therapy treatment of a patient after stroke with left hemiparesis. Objective: The aims of this bachelor thesis were to find out theoretical information about the diagnosis and prepare the case study of the patient after stroke with left hemiparesis. Method: This bachelor thesis is divided into a general part and a special part. The general part is theoretical and describes the characteristics and epidemiology of stroke, anatomy of the blood supply of the brain, physiology of the brain perfusion, etiopathogenesis, prognosis and different types of stroke. The following chapters of the general part were focused on ischemic stroke, its classification, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The next chapters are dedicated to stroke assessments, physical agent modalities, rehabilitation of stroke and physical therapy methods and procedures. The special part is about methodology and a case study of physical therapy treatment of a patient after stroke with left hemiparesis. The case study contains an anamnesis, input kinesiological analysis, detailed analysis of selected exercise sessions, control analysis, output kinesiological analysis and a final evaluation of the effect of therapy. Results: The applied therapy improved self-sufficiency,...
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Case Study of the Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient after Ischemic Stroke with right-sided Hemiparesis
Medová, Marie ; Opatrná Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Slezáková, Petra (referee)
Title: Case study of the physiotherapy treatment of a patient after ischemic stroke with right-sided hemiparesis Objectives: The aim of the bachelor thesis is to process a theoretical part dealing with a stroke and a practical part, which includes the case report of the patient after ischemic stroke with right-sided hemiparesis Summary: The bachelor thesis is to process a theoretical part dealing with ischemic stroke and a special part, which contains the methodology of work and case report of the patient with this diagnosis. In the theoretical part, I dealt with the characteristics of ischemic stroke, its cause, risk factors, symptoms, consequences and treatment. The patient's case report includes the patient's initial examination, 8 therapy sessions and the final control examination including an overall final assesment. Keywords: CMP, cerebrovascular accident, ischemic stroke, ischemic stroke with right-sided hemiparesis, rehabilitation after ischemic stroke
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Influenceable risk factors and ischemic stroke
BERKOVÁ, Simona
The bachelor thesis describes the influenceable risk factors of ischemic stroke. The main objective of thesis was to compare knowledge about higher mentioned factors between two groups of respondents. First group includs patients with high risk for developing stroke. Second one is composed of those patients, who was already treated after stroke developed. This research question led us to fulfill the objective: Is there any diference in knowledge of two mentioned groups of respondents above? For the research realization we applied quality approach through a semi-structured interview. The background for the interview (annex 1) consisted of nine questions. The main questions have been developed with supplementary questions. The first four question were clarified by a stroke. There were also questions about lifestyle. The data obtained from the research was subsequently processed by open-coding using pencil and paper. The research team consisted of 10 respondents, with 5 respondents in the high risk group of the stroke and the remaining 5 respondents. after a stroke of the ischemic type. The results of the work were divided into thematic categories and subcategories for better clarity. Answers from respondents from a qualitative research survey suggested that patients with a high risk of CMP are less well-targeted than CMP patiens. All patients are dispensed by a physician. It is clear that these results may indicate a low level of primary prevention, notably awareness of this disease and a low level of health literacy overall All patients go to the doctor regularly. It is clear that these results may indicate a low level of primary prevention, especially awareness of this disease and a low level of health literacy.
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Experimental models of ischemic brain injury
Alexová, Daniela ; Valeš, Karel (advisor) ; Alterová, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Experimental models of ischemic brain injury Author: Daniela Alexová Department: Department of Physiology Supervisor: RNDr. Karel Valeš, Ph.D. Abstract: This bachelor thesis focuses on the experimental models of ischemic brain injury closely related to one of the most common forms of brain damage, the ischemic stroke. This type of brain injury is connected to subsequent serious neurological deficits. The studies of experimental models of ischemic brain injury are therefore essential for primary and secondary research. The first two parts of the thesis are dedicated to brief characterization of stroke with focus on types of stroke, incidence, risk factors and molecular mechanism of injury. Next part summarizes the challenges of experimental modeling of ischemic brain injury and the specifics of small and big laboratory animals. The core of the thesis is the description of 11 most frequently used models. Selected models were divided into focal and global models and in each of these categories were furthermore characterized according to procedural performance, animal mortality or success of lesion induction. The key modifications of models introduced during the years in order to increase the reproducibility of brain injury are described as well. All 11 selected experimental models are summarized at the...
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