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Political influences on Czechoslovak Radiojournal between September 1938 and March 1939
Veverka, Luboš ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Köpplová, Barbara (referee)
In the present work we strive to describe those political phenomena which influenced, directly or indirectly, Radiojournal Ltd., the only radio broadcaster in Czechoslovakia during 1923 - 1939. However, it is the period of the so-called 'second republic' that can be approximately set between the conclusion of the Munich Pact at the end of September 1938 and the occupation of the rest of Czechoslovakia on 15th March 1939, which is in the centre of our attention. At that time, the system of politics, power and social situation underwent a reconstitution marked above all by centralising efforts hand in hand with the suppression of liberal and democratic principles. Sometimes we talk about the so-called 'authoritative democracy'. Radiojournal could not escape these changes. Formally, it was a private company with 51 % of shares owned by the state. And civil servants or politicians themselves were members of the managing and supervisory bodies of this institution ever since 1925. This situation was maintained also during the 'second republic' when the grip of the state became even stronger. In the new situation, proposals were made to nationalize the institution. However, a number of changes were not implemented after all due to the short duration of the 'second republic's' domain. Many of these...
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Americana. American myth in the Italian interwar literature
Kalinová, Alžběta ; Flemrová, Alice (advisor) ; Pelán, Jiří (referee)
This thesis called "Americana. American Myth in the Italian Interwar Literature" describes and analyses the anthology of American literature Americana that was prepared in 1940 by Italian writer and translator Elio Vittorini. It also focuses on the impact of fascist rhetoric and ideology on Italian interwar literature and official approach of fascist Italy to the USA. The initial part describes life and work of Elio Vittorini, mentioning also the influences that inspired him in his work and his motivations to compile the whole anthology. The next chapter of this part briefly presents other translators who contributed to Americana. The middle part of the thesis describes formation of the fascist regime in Italy and its impact on the Italian culture, focusing mainly on journalism and literature. It describes not only the creation of censorship itself but also paradoxes that went together. In the end of this part we can read about the struggle of Elio Vittorini and Bompiani Publishing House to publish Americana. The core of this thesis, however, is an analysis of both versions of Americana, the original version of Elio Vittorini as well as the censored version with the foreword by Emilio Cecchi. The beginning of this part outlines the birth of the American myth in Italian literature itself and then the...
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The Pheonomenon of Contemporary Antifascism in the Czech Republic
Fiala, Michael ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Just, Petr (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with contemporary antifascism in the Czech republic and put it in whole historical context. It moves from general and historical determination of notions to concrete description of contemporary situation in the Czech republic. The final outcome is a description of contemporary czech antifascism, which is accentuated on Antifascist action, which became monopolistic on czech radical antifascist scene. In regard of a lack of higher volume of literature oriented on this topic, thesis uses also web sources and interview with members of Antifascist action, which is on enclosed CD-ROM phoneticly and qualitatively modified in the interest of interviewed. Thesis should serve as a supplement for a general analysis of so-called "political extremism" and as a "regulator" of wrong information mentioned by massmedia.
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Jews in the Novels by Giorgio Bassani
Grünzweigová, Tereza ; Pelán, Jiří (advisor) ; Čaplyginová, Olga (referee)
The subject of this thesis is an analysis of novel's works of Giorgio Bassani, namely Gli occhiali d'oro, Il giardino di Finzi-Contini, Ditero la porta and L'airone. In the introduction the author is presented and his prosaic work is described. Then the analysis of the mentioned works focused on Jewish issues is made. The analysis in the first part persues the question of Judaism and the problem of the alienation and the loss of individual identity. The following charter focuses on fascism in relation to the Jews. The historical context of the fascist era is sketched and explains the changes that were under way in the society and the mind of an individual that are reflected in the author's works. Finally the individual is confronted with the society of Ferrara of which he is eventually excluded as a foreigner.
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Develop in press in Itali 1943-1956
Kučerová, Monika ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis titled "Development of Printed Media in Italy in the Years 1943-1950" is an analysis of the historical conditions of media publishing in Italy after the defeat of fascism. It is an attempt to reconstruct the main events that took place in printed media, particularly newspaper, in the period after the fall of fascism and the end of the Second World War. The thesis maps the relationship between the media and political and economic power. It discusses the system of printed media and who and under what conditions could work as a journalist at that time. There is also a description of the methods used for the organisation of journalists. The thesis starts with a brief historical overview of the social situation in the era of the beginning, rise and fall of the totalitarian regime. After the defeat of fascism and Nazism, Italy was facing the difficult task of dealing with its own past and establishing new rules. The attempt to cleanse the society and media (known as the "purification of journalism") was a long and complicated process. The thesis aims to determine what topics were the journalists focusing on and what was the basis of their discussions. The post-war period, ending with the success of Christian Democrats in the election, was the beginning of a new stage of political development...
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The Elements Influencing the Degree of the Right-Wing Extremism in the Czech Republic after 1989
Vaníček, Pavel ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Elements Influencing the Degree of the Right-Wing Extremism in the Czech Republic after 1989" deals both with the general right-wing extremism, with its historical development and his particular ideologies, and concretely with the situation in the Czech Republic after the Velvet Revolution and with his reasons, as well, and with it related solutions, how the right-wing extremism utmost to eliminate. It is interesting and edifying to get knowledge of, how in the period of modernizing, also especially in the nineteenth century, the western society commuted itself and what impacts this epoch had upon the human thinking and self-awaking. What trains of thought this emancipation ended in and what influence this all had upon the world history. Starting with the nationalism, that had been the cause of the fascism and consequently of the Nazism, and ending with the neofascism and neo-Nazism. After the year 1989 all these phenomenons had naturally marked impact upon the formation of the modern Czech extreme right, as well. Of course, the mentioned phenomenons are not coming just by themselves. They are always, more or less, conditioned on something. And rightly these conditioning, let us say understating, elements the work is dealing with, too. As well as with the suggestions of positive solution...
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The poet who believed in noble thoughts. The mental attitude of Viktor Dyk toward fascism
Vopatová, Nicola ; Koura, Petr (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis will study the mental attitude of Viktor Dyk (poet, prose writer, and politician) to fascism. The aim of this thesis is to understand the development of his thinking, identify the key historic moments that shaped him, and in doing so, reconstruct his political opinion. Those historic moments are most importantly the events of December 1987, the first world war, the fall of the Habsburg monarchy and the creation of the Czechoslovakian republic (1914-1918). The year 1922 (in which the first fascist groups in Czechoslovakia were created) was crucial for the shaping of his relationship to fascism. The goal of this work is to evaluate, whether Viktor Dyk leaned towards fascism or not. To allow us to study Dyk's relationship to fascism, the first part is dedicated to defining fascism. Afterwards we define the basic principles on which fascism stands. A short chapter is dedicated to Dyk's life, which is important to understand his worldview. The objective of the second part is to analyse Dyk's position on the fascist principles, which were defined in the first part. For this analysis, Dyk's poems, political speeches, journal articles and his prosaic works were used. In the framework of the three principles of fascism (leader, state, and nationalism) are also analysed the motives, which...
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JUDr. Emil Hácha - The fatal moments
Hnyková, Jana ; Svoboda, Cyril (advisor) ; Salvet, Ondřej (referee)
1. Abstract The fateful moments put the duty of decision-making process to the players. They can not make no decision. Even an escape from the decision is an act. The player does not decide only on himself but his decision has a general impact. Historical experience can demonstrate the fact that history subsequently evaluates the actorś decision as if the actor had virtually preserved all the theoretical possibilities of decision-making process. The future judgement is influenced by external circumstances which can not be fully reflected in the time of the decision itself. The crucial theme of the thesis is to demonstrate an ethical dilemma on a particular example. It was Hacha's signature in Berlin, March 1939 that put the fate of our country into the hands of The Empire. The work will scrutinize on the basis of social and political ethics aspects president Hacha's possibilities of other solutions choice. A part of the work will be a general moral evaluation of Hácha's political activity and post- war responses to his acting.
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