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The approach of the Spanish left and right to dealing with dictatorship through memory laws, using the example of the Law on Stolen Children
Goluchová, Kristýna ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
The thesis falls within the scientific field of collective memory and memory laws. It examines the way in which collective memory is used by Spanish political parties during the process of coming to terms with the legacy of dictatorship and the transition to democracy, and in particular how this differs between right-wing and left-wing parties. These approaches are demonstrated through the main memory laws that have been adopted in the Kingdom of Spain, namely the Amnesty Law of 1977, the Historical Memory Law of 2007 and the Democratic Memory Law of 2022. The thesis also includes a case study in which the parliamentary debate on the proposal to adopt a memory law on stolen children is analysed, in which representatives of the right-wing and left-wing Spanish parties expressed their views on the proposal.
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History of the German-speaking Inhabitants of the Czech lands in the Museum: Comparison of the Exhibitions Experience Homeland and Our Germans
Nagy, Kristýna ; Konrád, Ota (advisor) ; Swider, Malgorzata (referee)
The master thesis examines and compares two new museum exhibitions dedicated to the history of the German-speaking population of the Czech lands. These are the exhibition Experience Homeland in the Sudeten German Museum in Munich and Our Germans in the Ústí nad Labem City Museum. The subject of the analysis is the creation and current form of these exhibitions and the story of history they present to the visitor. Both exhibitions were documented and compared on the basis of a catalogue of questions based on a critical analysis of historical sources. The results of the analysis show that, although both museums were planned in the same time period and in an atmosphere that encouraged a shared critical perspective on the previously different interpretations of Czech-German history, the final forms of the two museums continue to present a significant part of history in different ways, and neither has fully fulfilled its original intent. The exhibitions present the 18th and 19th century periods very similarly and also critically reflect the development of nationalism among both Czech and German speakers. The political development of the 20th century, however, is depicted by the exhibitions each from its own perspective. The results of the research suggest that despite the current functioning...
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Memory politics and European integration on the Hungarian Right: a comparative analysis of the rhetoric Viktor Orbán and Gábor Vona
Holányi, Ákos ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Asavei, Maria Alina (referee)
In recent years, the use of collective memory has been on the rise across Europe. Primarily used by right-wing parties, conflictual readings of collective memory have been used to capitalise on social resentment and push for nationalist and/or radical policies. As our current understanding of the use of collective memory for political purposes focuses mostly on domestic party competition, this paper analyses how collective memory is mobilised to make sense of the European Union. Using commemorative speeches of Hungarian right-wing party leaders, Viktor Orbán of Fidesz and Gábor Vona of Jobbik, this research makes the claim that collective memory is only employed with regards to European integration when there is conflict between EU policies and the preferences of the speaker. When there is no major conflict of interest, references to Europe disappear and the interpretation of history becomes less focused on combat and threats to the nation. Keywords: collective memory, memory politics, right-wing politics, European Union, Hungary
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The differences in place perception: conditionings and links in time and space
Skála, Tomáš ; Chromý, Pavel (advisor) ; Šantrůčková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of place as one of the most important concepts of human geography. The term place is examined from the perspective of social constructivism. In the first part the thesis focuses on the term place, place perception, space perception and place identity. Those and other important terms are discussed based on scholar literature considering the terms. In the second part of this thesis changes of place identity are analyzed using the example of Zbuzany, a suburban village of Prague with its space dynamically grounds. Old maps and aerial photos are used for observation of the changes within the area. Also, the main phases of space development are defined. The third part of this thesis uncovers the symbolic space using semi-structured interviews conducted with six respondents from three age groups representing different generations. The interviews were analyzed and the differences in sense of place and space among generations were proved.
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Shaping the identity of a place in relation to historical consciousness
Fojtová, Romana ; Blaive, Muriel (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee) ; Havelka, Miloš (referee)
This thesis deals with Zelów as a place of live of Protestants, whose ancestors left the Czech land after the 1740. The group identified with the Czech Reformed tradition. By the end of the 19 century, they were discovered such as the communitie of fellow countrymen, and therefore the thesis focuses on their descriptions in the press and books. The visits of Jan Auerhan, Vladimír Míčan or Josef Folprecht illustrate the approach of the assistance to fellow countrymen, who perceived them as a lost branch of the Czechs. However, their interpretations were affected by the sight of national glasses, and at the same time they decided to support them in order to avoid assimilation. The second part of the work focused on the repatriation action from Poland to Czechoslovakia. Based on extensive archival research, we interpret the situation and activities of the Society of the Czech Exiles and Returnees from Poland, which helped Czech evangelicals abroad who, despite their wishes, were not settled in one place, but on the contrary scattered to the border area. The last part of the dissertation presents an interpretation of the term "exile tradition" by Edita Štěříková and several Diaries, in which we show how life in Zelów was remembered, how they described it, what they emphasized. At the same time, in the...
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Cultural Policy Amidst Disputed Memory: Cultural Sector Impacts in Kosovo and Nagorno-Karabakh
Conyers, Heather ; Brisku, Adrian (advisor) ; Asavei, Maria Alina (referee)
The cultural heritage sector's role in ethnic conflict is a direct reflection of the official narrative i tis trying to convey. The challenges these sectors face under various challenges are a topic of academic discussion as it relates to various other theoretical aspects. Previous research has indicated themes of antagonism, primordialism, and perennialism within national narratives surrounding ethnci conflict and territorial disputes. The international response has been varied in these situations and intercultural dialogu eis largely fascilitated by outside organisations. This thesis examines primary and secondary sources relating to the conflicts in Nagorno Karabakh and Kosovo. Examples are presented reflecting the cultural heritage landscape in both cases. Nagorno Karabakh and Kosovo are then compared and assesed for similairites and differences. This thesis found that the cultural heritage sector in both regions were similair in terms of context, myths, and antagonistic commemorations, but differeed regarding jurisdiction and application.
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The Marshal Koněv Monument as a "Site of Memory": Mediating Post-Soviet Collective Memory in Prague
Coleman, Grace Abel ; Asavei, Maria Alina (advisor) ; Bauer, Paul (referee)
This thesis critically examines the interaction between memory construction, representation, contestation, and interpretation within the Czech collective memory context through a detailed qualitative analysis examination of one Czech "site of memory" - the former monument to Marshal Ivan Stěpanovič Koněv in Prague 6. The analysis is informed by the theoretical assumption that collective memory construction and interpretation are continually interacting, and the meaning and function are continuously changing. As such, multiple components of the memory site are incorporated: the changing site in Prague 6, counter-monument responses occurring elsewhere in Prague, discourses surrounding the site in media and social media, and qualitative survey research of individual and local consumption of memory narratives surrounding the monument and media discourses. The results of this analysis demonstrate a clearly articulated struggle for the possession of memory narratives surrounding the monument. These tensions reflect shifts in the Czech collective mnemonic framework and the inherent plurality of memories within that framework. Consequently, there is no clear consensus as to how collective memory regarding Koněv and his historic legacy should or is represented in the present-day Czech political, cultural,...
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