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Analysis of blood pressure measurement in Czech pharmacies I.
Prouza, Jakub ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Analysis of blood pressure measurement in Czech pharmacies I. Author: Jakub Prouza Tutor: Josef Malý1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Introduction: Arterial hypertension is one of the most serious health problems of today and its therapy must be approached comprehensively. In addition to medical care, to the improvement of the health status of the patient significantly contribute properly implemented pharmaceutical care and blood pressure measurement in pharmacy. Objectives: The aim of the thesis was to describe and analyse conditions of blood pressure measurement in a sample of Czech pharmacies. Methods: Data were collected via questionnaire survey in 2012 and 2013 in three districts. The survey was conducted using two questionnaires, which were filled at pharmacies with possible help of trained interviewer. The first questionnaire was completed by the authorized employee representative of the pharmacy and included questions characterizing the pharmacy. Furthermore the question whether they provided blood pressure measurement in the pharmacy. If they did, further questions were on the frequency of measurement, instrumentation and space equipment in pharmacy. The second questionnaire was completed by the pharmacy...
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Large artery properties in primary and secondary - endocrine hypertension
Rosa, Ján ; Widimský, Jiří (advisor) ; Mlíková Seidlerová, Jitka (referee) ; Špinar, Jindřich (referee)
Arterial stiffness represented by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is considered to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor. This study was focused on large artery properties investigation in specific forms of hypertension using applanation tonometer Sphygmocor (Atcor Medical). PWV was significantly higher in resistant hypertension patients when compared to moderate essential hypertension (EH) patients. This difference appears to be independent of clinical blood pressure (BP). Night-time BP appears to be a more accurate predictor of PWV in EH. In another study we demonstrated that primary hyperparathyroidism (PH) (both hypertensive or non-hypertensive forms) might be associated with higher PWV when compared to EH patients or to normotensive controls and that this difference is independent of age and clinical BP. Neither calcium serum level, nor parathyroid hormone has been associated with PWV. Specific treatment by parathyroidectomy (PTX) seems to be beneficial for PWV decrease, which might be mainly determined by improved BP control after surgery. Since PTX indications for asymptomatic forms of PH have been discussed, our data suggest the potential benefit to the extent of subclinical organ damage after surgical treatment in these patients. Similarly, we prooved higher PWV in...
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Experimental and clinical aspect of calcineurin inhibitors-induced nephrotoxicity.
Hošková, Lenka ; Málek, Ivan (advisor) ; Tesař, Vladimír (referee) ; Špinarová, Lenka (referee)
The introduction of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) into immunosuppressive regimens significantly improved patients prognosis after heart transplantation. Some of the most significant complications have been recognized, such as the development of arterial hypertension and renal impairment due to calcineurin inhibitor toxicity. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of the dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (dual RAS combination) with standard antihypertensive medication on blood pressure control. The second aim was to evaluate whether effective antihypertensive combination therapy (dual RAS or a standard antihypertensive drugs combination) would reduce the progression of chronic kidney disease in patients with chronic immunosuppressive prophylaxis. Treatment of arterial hypertension involving the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) was similarly effective compared to the standard combination of antihypertensives. Blood pressure treatment targets were achieved in both studies. Administration of antihypertensive combination therapy including dual blockade of RAS alleviated the progression of chronic renal disease in the experimental and clinical part, where the nephroprotective effect of dual RAS blockade...
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Influenceable risk factors and ischemic stroke
BERKOVÁ, Simona
The bachelor thesis describes the influenceable risk factors of ischemic stroke. The main objective of thesis was to compare knowledge about higher mentioned factors between two groups of respondents. First group includs patients with high risk for developing stroke. Second one is composed of those patients, who was already treated after stroke developed. This research question led us to fulfill the objective: Is there any diference in knowledge of two mentioned groups of respondents above? For the research realization we applied quality approach through a semi-structured interview. The background for the interview (annex 1) consisted of nine questions. The main questions have been developed with supplementary questions. The first four question were clarified by a stroke. There were also questions about lifestyle. The data obtained from the research was subsequently processed by open-coding using pencil and paper. The research team consisted of 10 respondents, with 5 respondents in the high risk group of the stroke and the remaining 5 respondents. after a stroke of the ischemic type. The results of the work were divided into thematic categories and subcategories for better clarity. Answers from respondents from a qualitative research survey suggested that patients with a high risk of CMP are less well-targeted than CMP patiens. All patients are dispensed by a physician. It is clear that these results may indicate a low level of primary prevention, notably awareness of this disease and a low level of health literacy overall All patients go to the doctor regularly. It is clear that these results may indicate a low level of primary prevention, especially awareness of this disease and a low level of health literacy.
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Analysis of care in patients at risk for arterial hypertension in pharmacy III.
Smíšková, Petra ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Analysis of care in patients at risk for arterial hypertension in pharmacy III. Author: Petra Smíšková Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague Introduction: Arterial hypertension belongs to the most common diseases of cardiovascular system, not only in the Czech Republic. Therefore it is very important to focus on its prevention and early diagnostics before the stage of health complications shows up. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to realize and evaluate consulting activities in pharmacy focused on patients who have high risks of arterial hypertension or have been already diagnosed with it. Methodology: Data were collected in a public pharmacy in Prague from the end of April 2013 until the beginning of April 2014. The actual blood pressure measurement was preceded by obtaining of answers to selected questions through controlled interview. Acquired statements were written into the printed forms. It was focused on particicipant's socio-demographic characteristics, his relationship to the blood pressure measurement; occurrence of risk factors of arterial hypertension, it means atherosclerosis; disease in the anamnesis and the usage of drugs including food supplements. The results of blood...
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The reflective effect of manipulative therapy on blood pressure.
Martínek, Josef ; Bitnar, Petr (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
The topic of the thesis is The reflective effect of manipulative therapy on blood pressure. The aim of the thesis is to summarize current knowledge, which talk about the relationship between the ma-nipulative therapy and the changes of blood pressure. One of the purpose of the thesis is to clarify the using of manipulative therapy in the treatment of arterial hypertension. In the thesis another methods of manipulative therapy are discussed to give broad overwiev and to have a posibble to comparison. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Analysis of blood pressure measurement in Czech pharmacies I.
Prouza, Jakub ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
Analysis of blood pressure measurement in Czech pharmacies I. Author: Jakub Prouza Tutor: Josef Malý1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Introduction: Arterial hypertension is one of the most serious health problems of today and its therapy must be approached comprehensively. In addition to medical care, to the improvement of the health status of the patient significantly contribute properly implemented pharmaceutical care and blood pressure measurement in pharmacy. Objectives: The aim of the thesis was to describe and analyse conditions of blood pressure measurement in a sample of Czech pharmacies. Methods: Data were collected via questionnaire survey in 2012 and 2013 in three districts. The survey was conducted using two questionnaires, which were filled at pharmacies with possible help of trained interviewer. The first questionnaire was completed by the authorized employee representative of the pharmacy and included questions characterizing the pharmacy. Furthermore the question whether they provided blood pressure measurement in the pharmacy. If they did, further questions were on the frequency of measurement, instrumentation and space equipment in pharmacy. The second questionnaire was completed by the pharmacy...
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Hypertension and Nutrition: Fat-soluble Vitamins A, D and E
Weber, Jakub ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hronek, Miloslav (referee)
Hypertension and nutrition: Fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E Weber J1 , Vlcek J1 , Suarez-Varella MM2 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic 2 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Spain Arterial hypertension (AH) is a disease affecting population globally, and thus considered as a problem of public health and socioeconomic. Studies are trying to identify the connection between diet and the prevalence of arterial hypertension. Objective of the study was to determine possible association between an occurrence of AH and fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E intake. The nested, case-control population study investigation was grounded on database from the Spanish Hortega study, and performed on a random sample of 1,514 people (50.3 % women, 49.7 % men). From this sample we selected those aged ≥ 40 years old and untreated for hypertension and divided them into two groups: non-hypertensive (n = 429; 63.6 %) (controls), and newly diagnosed AH (n = 246; 36.4 %) (cases). Biochemical and anthropometric measurements, data on dietary intakes, education, socioeconomic status, place of residence, health habits, comorbidities, consumption of alcohol and tobacco were used for our...
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NaCl intake in the diet of patients with severe arterial hypertension
Křišťálová, Kateřina ; Petrák, Ondřej (advisor) ; Štrauch, Branislav (referee)
Arterial hypertension is a serious cardiovascular disease which has developed at around 2.5 million people in the Czech Republic. It is a civilization disease with progressive occurrence among the population of the Czech Republic. This bachelor thesis deals with the diet of the patients with the arterial hypertension with focus to the intake of the cooking salt in the food. Excessive amount of the cooking salt in the food is believed to be one of the main risk factors for the development of the arterial hypertension. The aim of this thesis is an evaluation of the particular dietary habits from the point of the nutritional therapy. Theoretical part of the thesis describes arterial hypertension its causes classification epidemiology diagnostics and last but not least its treatment. Practical part of the thesis is based on the anonymous questionnaire. Questionnaire is focused on the questions concerning basic demographic characteristics in the clinical treatment of hypertension and on the questions concerning non-pharmacological treatment i.e. nutrition (with focus on the cooking salt) and physical activity. The aim is to find out the quality of arterial hypertension patients' diet, their awareness of the proper diet, their adherence to the proper diet, whether patients avoid salty and improper food and their...
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