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Survey of the patterns of waterpipe use among Prague university students
Vachutová, Klára ; Vanek, Marián (advisor) ; Lukavská, Kateřina (referee)
Background: Even though a waterpipe has its origin and tradition in Asian and African states, more than 30 years ago this trend started spreading in our country and gained considerable popularity mostly among youth. The patterns of use of waterpipe among young people are still not getting enough attention though. In the Czech Republic as well as lots of other states there is lack of functional waterpipe-specific policy, regulation and preventive and therapeutic interventions. The health risks of waterpipe use are comparable to other burning tobacco products but public sees it as less harmful due to myths such as the toxins in smoke are filtrated in water. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to investigate patterns of use of waterpipe among Prague university students per online survey with a focus on the first use, current frequency of usage and parallel usage of other tobacco and nicotine products, motivation to abstinence, characteristics of waterpipe session and knowledge of risks. Then compare the results with another studies. Methods: The survey was conducted via online questionnaire spread from February to May 2021 in Facebook university student's groups. The data were then processed and evaluated in Microsoft Excel and Jamovi. Results: More than 70 % of participants are former or current waterpipe users,...
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Patterns of use addictive substances at active musicians in music groups in the Benešovsko
Olišarová, Pavlína ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Introduction: Addictive substances among musicians is a common occurrence. However, this phenomenon is mostly described only by the musicians themselves in their autobiographies. There is little professional work to address this phenomenon. There are many factors that affect musicians and lead them to use addictive substances. Even though this phenomenon is so widespread, it is taken for granted and few pay attention to it. Aim: Aim of thesis is to identify and describe patterns of substance use in active musicians in music groups that are based in the Benešov region, but play outside this area too. Methodology Data were collected in the form of a semi-structured interview. A list of music groups was created using the bandzone website. These groups were then found on Facebook to find out their activity. They were also subsequently approached here. 9 researched musicians took part in the research. Responses from the interviews were recorded directly by hand. Overwrite was performed while data was being written. Subsequently, the data were analyzed by elements of grounded theory. Using open coding, the codes were assigned to important topics in the text. These topics were grouped using axial coding. Using these categories, patterns of substance use among active musicians in music groups based in the...
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Mapping patterns of IQOS and GLO heated tobacco products usage: an online questionnaire study
Dobrovolná, Kristýna ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Rolová, Gabriela (referee)
Background: In recent years, novel heated tobacco products such as IQOS or glo, which began to appear on the Czech market about three years ago, gained popularity. The device is visually appealing in which, unlike regular cigarettes, tobacco is not burned but heated to a temperature of 350 řC. There are several foreign studies on how these tobacco heating products are used, but there is a lack of data on this phenomenon in Czech Republic. Aims: The main aim of this study was to describe patterns of use of heated tobacco products among adult tobacco users in the Czech Republic. Partial aims of the study were to find out what are the motives for using heating tobacco products, what is the nature of use, i.e. the time of use, daily consumption of fillings, and if there is any change in habits of ordinary smoking. Furthermore, the aim was to map in which situations heated tobacco products are used and how the users take care of the equipment. Material and Methods: Data collection was carried out using a quantitative method of improbability selection, namely the method of self-selection through an online questionnaire distributed through selected online channels (websites, forums, social networks). The research group consists of 198 respondents, of whom 182 are IQOS users and 16 are glo users. After...
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A qualitative analysis of IQOS usage patterns among tobacco users in the Czech Republic
Houdková, Denisa ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: Tobacco and nicotine contained in it belongs to the substances with the highest addiction potential. The harmfulness of conventional cigarettes is a publicly known fact, and this is one of the reasons why producers are trying to market other tobacco alternatives. One of them is heated tobacco IQOS, which has only recently appeared on the market in the Czech Republic. IQOS users are an unexplored and unspecified social group whose patterns of use and characteristics are not adequately described in terms of expertise. Aims: The primary objective of the study was to describe the typical patterns of IQOS use among tobacco users in the Czech Republic, who left smoking conventional cigarettes and converted to the use of heated tobacco. The secondary objectives were to describe the characteristics of IQOS use, users' paraphernalia relationships, motivation to convert to the IQOS and the development of patterns of use over a two-month period. Methods: Qualitative research methods were used. The respondents were recruited by the method of deliberate selection together with the snowball method. Participants were recruited via social networks; the process of data creation was done through semi- structured interviews and online survey using two waves design. The research group consisted of 10...
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Patterns of nicotine use among adolescents
Srpová, Marta ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
BACKGROUND: Tobacco is the most commonly used addictive substance among adolescents, according to the ESPAD study, and is often the first psychoactive substance to try out in life. However, the risks associated with the use of tobacco at the young age are not negligible. In the Ambulance for children and adolescents addictology Clinics of addictology, where attend adolescents with various addictological and psychological problems, no research regarding the use of nicotine has been carried out. AIMS: The aim of the work is to map and describe the patterns of use of nicotine and motivation for use among children and adolescents with problems with addictive substances or in the field of non-addictive addictions. Another aim of the work is to find the degree of physical dependence on nicotine in the target group of respondents. METHODS: Data were collected using a questionnaire, which included Fagerström's nicotine addiction test for adolescents to assess the degree of physical nicotine dependence in respondents. The questionnaire was submitted in paper form to the clients of the Ambulance for children and adolescents addictology of the Clinic of addictology. The research sample was selected by deliberate selection through the institution. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the results and...
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Impact of partial alcohol prohibition in the Czech Republic on the retail market with alcoholic beverages
Bóbiková, Jana ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
September 2012 had become known as a synonym for the methanol scandal in the Czech Republic during which over a hundred of individuals were hospitalized and several dozens of the patients died. This all occurred due to the ingestion of the adulterated alcohol. Whereas partial and time-limited prohibition which restricted the sales of alcoholic beverages with the alcohol content of 20 per cent and higher, was enforced in the Czech Republic from 14th to 27th September 2012. Due to further emerging poisonings in recent years is the topic of the methanol poisonings still relevant. The aim of the diploma paper is to depict the harm reduction strategies targeted on reducing the risks of the methanol poisonings used by the vulnerable target group of the alcoholic beverages consumers. Further are being outlined the risk behavior patterns and strategies in the targeted group of participants. According to the above mentioned aims is relevant to investigate the process of compliance of the emergency measures focused on the end market with the alcohol. Data gathered in the interviews with the retailers will help to obtain the general overview of the situation and supply the information about the possible plunges of the prohibition implementation and the strategies of the demand reduction implementation. The...
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Patterns of mephedrone use in Kadaň and its surroundings: a qualitative study
Scherberová, Jana ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Běláčková, Vendula (referee)
Background: In few last years we can see a rise of use of a new psychoactive substances, not only in population of problem users, but in the general population, too. These substances mimic the affects of illegal drugs and using them can cause simmilar risks as using illegal drugs (EMCDDA, 2009c). The most commonly used new psychoactive substance is mephedrone. In last 4 years mephedrone has spread very fast in the european drug market, especially in Great Britain (Zaostřeno na drogy 4, 2010), where mephedrone became the 6th most popular drug in 2010 (Kuchař in Kalina et al., 2015). Prevalence researches of mephedrone have not been realized yet in Czech republic, but research made by National monitoring center focused on internet users in 2001 shows that from 1091 respondents in age range of 15 to 35, 50 have used new psychoactive substances. This 50 respondents and other 101 recruited by snowball sampling have participated in follow-up research, one third of this respondents have used mephedrone. Aims: The aim of the study was to describe patterns of use of mephedrone among its users in Kadaň and its surroundings. Emphasis is mainly placed on patterns of users bahavior from purchasing to aplication of mephedrone, what the intoxication looks like, which motives leads users to mephedrone use and with...
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