|
|
Utilization of standardized tests in traumatology from physiotherapist point of view
Chaloupková, Veronika ; Nováková, Petra (advisor) ; Havlová, Martina (referee)
Title of bachelor thesis: Utilization of standardized tests in traumatology from physiotherapist point of view Abstract: This bachelor thesis brings a complete overview and comparison of standardized tests for lower extremities in patients after trauma of lower extremities. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the classification of injuries, general characteristics of standardized tests and standardized tests for lower extremities. The practical part consists of mutual comparing tests for evaluation of lower extremities, that could be used in a patient after trauma of lower extremities in terms of basic characteristics and parameters. Simultaneously three case studies are performed, where self-sufficiency has been evaluated using selected tests: Barthel Index and Modified Rivermead Index of Mobility and evaluation of functional lower extremity assessment using selected tests: Berg Balance Scale, Harris hip score, Oxford hip score, Oxford knee score, 2 minute walk test and Foot and ankle disability index. The testing was demonstrated at the beginning and end of the rehabilitation program with one-week distance. The results were evaluated and then compared. Key words: lower extremity, standardized tests, traumatology, measurement properties
|
|
|
Rating scales in traumatology
PROKOPOVÁ, Martina
Modern lifestyle (technology, increasing intensity of sport activities, motor sports) results into increasing number of injuries and traumas and their seriousness. Injuries are at the first place in the assessment of cause of death among children and adults. Traumatology deals with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of injuries involving soft tissues, bones and joints. Traumatology should be considered as a complex diagnostic-therapeutic process, which includes medical history, clinical examination and imaging methods. Based on this examination, the diagnosis is made. Then comes therapeutical considerations and possibly a patient is indicated for surgery. Evaluation scales in nursing are elementary and integral part of nursing documentation. With their help, it is possible to define the object of observation and the way of evaluation (scoring of selected manifestations). Based on the received information it is then possible to precisely identify, objectify and document the problems arising in connection with nursing care. The result is finding an adequate solution to the problem and improving the quality of nursing care. Therefore, nurses should be equipped with basic skills on how to use the scales and how to work with them. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical and an empirical one. The theoretical parts contains information about traumatology, its history and trauma centers in the Czech republic. It also contains information about nursing documentation, which includes assessment scales. We mainly focused on individual assessment scales for evaluation of state of consciousness, the risk of bedsores, the risk of falling and scales for evaluation of the degree of self-sufficiency. Among other scales we dealt with pain assessment, nutritional screening and screening tests for cognitive function evaluation. We have discussed these scales further in the text. The first part of the research part of this diploma paper was carried out in the form of a qualitative survey based on semi-structured interviews with nurses, working in the traumatology department. The interviews included basic and supplementary questions which were asked later, in case of need during the interviews with interviewees. The survey was conducted in April, in a trauma center in the Czech Republic. After finishing the interviews, the results were examined into detail by coding and categorization. The most important answers of the respondents were shown in the diagrams, which were created according to the defined categories. For the second group, a quantitative research, conducted in the form of an anonymous survey, was chosen - a survey with 50 respondents. This technique was chosen as a support for the received qualitative data. The goal of this thesis was to find out the use of assessment scales for evaluation of a patient in traumatology and at the same time to map the nurses´ point of view of the issue of using assessment scales in traumatology. To achieve the goal, following questions were formulated. RQ1: What assessment scales are used in traumatology for evaluation of patients? RQ2: How can the assessment scales contribute to improving the patient care? RQ3: Are the assessment scales actively used for determining the patient care intervention? RQ4: What is the opinion of nurses on using the assessment scales in traumatology? RQ5: What assessment scales are comfortable and beneficial for nurses to use in traumatology? During the research was found out that using of assessment scales results into improving the patient care, it helps us to regularly evaluate patient´s condition and to assess the risks the patient is during his/her hospitalization, endangered with. Although the nurses see the scales as beneficial, the scales are just another administrative burden for nurses in the traumatology department. However, the results of these scales are actively used to determine suitable intervention.
|
|
|
X-ray trauma diagnostic of the upper and lower extremities for the Trebic Hospital
ŘEHŮŘEK, Robert
Radiology is a field with a wide range of application in medicine; it greatly contributes to confirmation of diagnosis or even sets the diagnosis by itself. Radiodiagnostics is a field that is rapidly evolving. Thanks to the technical development during the latest decades many imaging methods are replaced with other techniques, i.e. computed tomography or imaging by using magnetic resonance. Despite of the big expansion and development of examination technology in radiology, conventional skiagraphy is still one of the first diagnostic methods for the most diseases. Conventional radiographs have irreplaceable role in the trauma diagnosis of axial skeleton. With the development of electronic systems digitalization of X-ray image also occurs. Digital radiography offers many advantages. In the theoretical part there were briefly described anatomical proportions of free upper and lower limbs, types of fractures, imaging methods in traumatology, the technical parameters of the used devices, and big part is devoted to individual injuries of free upper and lower limbs, and their basic X-ray projections, that are commonly used in radiodiagnostics departments. To the basic projections I briefly added possible special projections for given area according to the latest available literature, as well as the reference to the literature where I gained the information. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the incidence of the upper and lower limbs examination, depending on the calendar year, to compare the age range of the examined patients with trauma upper and lower limbs in a calendar year in Třebíč Hospital p. o. and to analyze the number of examinations of upper and lower limbs trauma at CT. There were four hypotheses: 1. The most common examined trauma of upper and lower limbs in Třebíč Hospital p. o. is distal forearm, 2. The largest group of examined patients with upper and lower limbs trauma in Třebíč Hospital p. o. during winter are senior citizens, 3. The largest group of examined patients with upper and lower limb trauma in Třebíč Hospital p. o. in the summer are children under 18 years, 4. The number of identical diagnoses from conventional X-ray and CT scans is the same. In the practical part of the thesis there was created transparent file of the frequency of trauma examinations of upper and lower limbs (loose upper and lower limbs) in Třebíč Hospital p. o. in the year 2015, when the indirect digitalization in X-ray department was. Then, number of examination for given part of the limbs in a calendar year was made. They were determined by age categories and there was conducted a comparison of examined patients with upper and lower limbs trauma in a calendar year for annual periods. The examinations sent to CT scan after the X-ray radiography were analyzed and the subtraction of the correct diagnoses by X-ray radiography was done. Required data were acquired from the hospital information system (NIS), version 2.0 of Třebíč Hospital p. o. Acquired data were processed and inserted into transparent graphs in the chapter Results. In the chapter Discussion the previous graphs are described according to set aims and the hypotheses are evaluated. This chapter also includes my comments and a summary of the results of the thesis and set hypotheses. The results show that all set objectives had been developed, illustrated and the hypotheses were verified. Hypothesis no. 1 was refuted it was revealed that the most common examination is the examination of the hand. Hypothesis no. 2 and no. 3 were also refuted the largest group of examined patients in both winter and summer belongs to the age category of 18-64 years. Hypothesis no. 4 was confirmed, in major part (92%) is the number of identical diagnosis the same for both methods. This thesis may be used by new radiology assistants, and other students. Senior radiology assistants may also use this thesis to refresh existing knowledge.
|
|
|
Physiotherapy case study of a patient with ankle fracture
Olarová, Jevgenia ; Kučerová, Ilona (advisor) ; Křížková, Štěpánka (referee)
Title: Physiotherapy case study of a patient with ankle fracture Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to obtain and process the theoretical knowledge about anatomy and kinesiology of the ankle, phylogenesis and ontogenesis of the foot and about the mechanisms of a traumatic injury. Then there are also diagnostic and therapeutic methods mentioned. The aim of the practical part was a case study of the patient with such diagnosis together with the design of the therapy and its practical application. Methods: This thesis consists of 2 parts, a theoretical one and a practical one. The theoretical part delas with facts connected to the diagnosis of an ankle joint trauma, specificaly anatomy, kinesiology, biomechanice of the joint during walking, traumatology and treatment options. The practical part is devoted to the case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with such diagnosis. It contains an initional kinesiological analysis, short-term and long-term therapy schedule, therapy itself and the output kinesiological analysis together with an evaluation of the efect of therapy. The practical part was elaborated during the clinical practise at the Regional Hospital Kladno in a term of 8th January - 2nd February 2018. Results: After completing the set of therapies, the condition of the patient was...
|
|
|
Case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with diagnosis status after bikondylar fracture of the proximal tibia
Rissová, Kristýna ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Voráčová, Helena (referee)
Title: Case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with diagnosis status after bikondylar fracture of the proximal tibia Objectives: The aim of this work is processing of the case study of a patient with diagnosis condition after bikondylar fracture of the proximal tibia, a summary of theoretical konwledge, designing therapy and monitoring its process. Methods: This work was created as a research with case study during continuous professional practice held from 21. 1. 2013 to 15. 2. 2013 in Vršovická zdravotní, a. s. The work is divided into two parts - general a special. The first (general) part deals with theoretical knowledge of anatomy, kinesiology of the knee joint, includes information on fractures (their classification, possible solutions, healing and complications and the possibilities of physiotherapy procedures. The second part (special) describes case study of a patient after bikondylar fracture of the proximal tibia, the process of suggested therapy and evaluation of its effect. Keywords: knee joint, tibia, osteosynthesis, physiotherapy, traumatology, rehabilitation
|
|
|
Case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with diagnosis status after intra-articular fracture of the proximal tibia
Vodičková, Kamila ; Michalec, Radim (advisor) ; Jiráň, Jan (referee)
Title: Case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with diagnosis status after intra- articular fracture of the proximal tibia Aim: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is processing of the case study of a patient with diagnosis condition after intra-articular fracture of the proximal tibia, a summary of theoretical knowledge, designing therapy and monitoring its progress. Method: This thesis was created as a research with case study during continuous professional practice held from 7.1.2013 to 1.2.2013 at Rehabilitation clinic Malvazinky in Prague. The thesis is divided into two parts - general and special. The first (general) part deals with the theoretical knowledge of kinesiology of the knee joint, includes information on fractures (their classification, possible solutions, healing and complications) and the possibilities of physiotherapy procedures in the postoperative period. The second (special) part describes case study of a patient after intra-articular fracture of the proximal tibia, the process of suggested therapy and evaluation of its effect. Keywords: knee joint, tibia, osteosynthesis, physiotherapy, traumatology, rehabilitation
|
|
|
Physiotherapy after osteosynthesis of the trimalleolar fracture
Medal, Jakub ; Dudová, Agnieszka (advisor) ; Hankovcová, Eva (referee)
Title of bachelor's thesis: Physiotherapy after osteosynthesis of the trimalleolar fracture. Aims: Concept, execution and evaluation of physiotherapeutic treatment of a patient affected by trimalleolar fracture of the ankle joint. Methods: The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and special. Theoretical part deals with basic principles of functional anatomy, kinesiology, biomechanics and traumatology of the ankle joint. It also includes information about possibilities of treatment - orthopedical (traumatological) and physiotherapeutic. Special part is focused on a case study of a patient with trimalleolar fracture. Results: Clinical state of the patient after execution of the therapy has improved. The range of movement in disabled ankle joint as well as muscle power of both legs have been increased. Swelling and nociception of the left ankle joint have been reduced. Key words: physiotherapy, traumatology, case study, ankle joint, trimalleolar fracture, osteosynthesis
|
|
|
Collaboration of nurses and physiotherapists in traumatologii
NACHTMANOVÁ, Leona
Recently, traumatology has significantly progressed. One of the factors of this progress is increasing understanding of the laws of biomechanics of the musculoskeletal apparatus, trauma-related pathophysiology of the organism, as well as a significant progress in administration of antibiotics, anesthesia and resuscitation. Great emphasis is put on rehabilitation treatment provided by a general nurse with the support of and in cooperation with a physiotherapist. Reintegration of a patient into normal living and society depends on interaction of individual specializations involved in the common process. Mutual cooperation implies active interest of nurses in providing a high quality nursing care and contributing to a high standard style of nursing skills, and support of all those who are professionally identical with nurses. The bachelor thesis on Cooperation of nurses and physiotherapists in traumatology is based on a quantitative research, using a questionnaire method. Data were collected by means of anonymous questionnaires distributed to general nurses and physiotherapists in the Department of Traumatology, containing the same questions for both of groups. The questionnaires focused on collection of identification data, questions related to mutual cooperation, rehabilitation care and exchange of information on rehabilitation procedures in traumatology. The thesis documents that one of the important parts of care of patients is their physical as well as social and psychological rehabilitation. Of great importance in this respect there is a close cooperation of the rehabilitation nurse and the physiotherapist. We believe that the bachelor thesis will serve as a source of information for improving communication and mutual cooperation between nurses and physiotherapists in traumatology.
|
|
|
Biomechanical study of the upper extremity plates
Linhart, Lukáš ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This work deals with the possibilities and principles of fixation of fractures of the upper limb. It is divided into five chapters. The introductory chapter discusses the biomechanics and its inclusion in contemporary science. The next chapter describes a brief history of healing and fixation of fractures of the upper limb. The third chapter is devoted to the anatomy of the upper limb, knowledge of which is the effective fixation of fractures of the upper extremity necessary. Another chapter is devoted to the classification and description of the type of osteosynthesis internal fixation of the upper limb. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the principles and mechanisms of LCP fixation. The last fifth point is detailed study of specific humeral locking plate. To create a computational model was used SolidWorks software and ANSYS Workbench.
|
|
|
Position of company Medin a.s. on the world market for medical technology
Ettelová, Hana ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Vlkovský, Viktor (referee)
The topic of this is the commercial strategy of company Medin a.s. for trading on foreign markets, or possibly of entering new markets. Thesis is divided into four chapters. First one deal with the general characteristics of the company, the second is dedicated to market placement of company in the Czech Republic. The third chapter speaks about the form of entrance and about territories where the company is already present. In the fourth chapter I analyze and evaluate other potential markets appropriate for expansion of the company.
|
guest ::
