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Drop-out of patients with substance addiction from hospital treatment
Korbová, Markéta ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Libra, Jiří (referee)
Background: The drop-out phenomenon is a common occurrence in addiction treatment, despite playing one of the most crucial roles in achieving desired treatment outcomes for addiction. The issue of drop-out is associated with both the healthcare facility and the patient, making it necessary to examine risk factors and learn how to respond to them. Aims: The aim of this study is to map and describe the factors that led patients in medium-term residential treatment to prematurely terminate treatment at their own request. The specific objectives are to assess the treatment program's design from the perspective of both patients and members of the therapeutic team, focus on patient needs, describe common characteristics of these patients, and identify potential interventions suitable for the treatment adaptation phase. Methods: Data were collected using a qualitative method of semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted with respondents who met the selection criteria, including patients and members of the therapeutic team. The research sample consisted of a total of 11 respondents. Results: Premature termination of treatment is caused by a combination of various factors, including personal, family, organizational, and socio-economic factors. Improvements in individualized patient care,...
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Awareness of women with endometriosis about influence of nutrition factors on this disease
Vavroušková, Edita ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Fiala, Luděk (referee)
Endometriosis is chronical, inflammatory and very painful disease which contains with estrogen. This disease affect about 10 % of female population in childbearing age. Etiology and pathogenesis of this illness is largely unkown. 20-40 % of women who suffer from endometriosis have concurrent problems with sterility and 50 % of women suffer from various forms of sexual dysfunction, the most common of which is pain. It is assumed that, that symptoms of endometriosis might be affected by diet interventions. Objectives of this thesis: 1. Determine awerness of women in fertile age with endometriosis about influence of nutritional factors on this disease. 2. Determine, if women with endometriosis were instructed by their doctor (gynecologist) about influence of nutritional factors on this disease. 3. Determine, if women with endometriosis changed their eating habits. Part of the research were 212 women with diagnosed endometriosis, which were addresed with using of questionnaire in Nemocnice České Budějovice and electronical questionnaires. Women with diagnosed endometriosis, which were part of the observed sample were not even half informed about influence of nutritional factors on this illness. There has not been proven significant statistical dependence between awerness about influence of nutritional...
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The Development of a Gifted Pupil with an Interest in Natural Sciences
Macková, Lea ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Kocurková, Alena (referee)
The bachelor's thesis comprehensively outlines the issue of giftedness. The reason is the need to understand the context and sufficient theoretical preparation for subsequent research in the field of the development of gifted individuals for the natural history branch. The method of incomplete systematic literature search was used to select scientific publications that provided expert insight into the topic of giftedness and talent, from the definition of terms through the illumination of influences on the development of the gifted individual to the synthesis of knowledge concerning persons gifted with the ability to work in the fields of science (science giftedness). For the follow-up research part, with the aim of mapping aspects of the development of a gifted individual interested in studying biology, geology or ecology, the retrospective in-depth interview method combining semi- concluded questions and open questions was chosen. The semi-structured interview was created on the basis of knowledge gained during the creation of the theoretical part of the work, the respondents were selected according to predetermined criteria. The information obtained from discussions with the gifted was subsequently transcribed into written form, coded into structures and stories with significant information, and...
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The students knowledge of the medical high school in the area of prevention and first aid for a stroke
Nováková, Zuzana ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of stroke, specifically what the knowledge of chosen nursing school students in this important part of neurological field is. Theoretical part of the thesis includes basic knowledge about this illness, gained from studying professional sources. Practical part is worked out on the basis of survey, that took place in chosen nursing school. The aim was to evaluate the level of chosen school students ́ knowledge about the stroke issue, focused particularly on the recognition of the symptoms of stroke, first aid provision and the knowledge of stroke risk factors and prevention. Finding out, if the grade level of chosen nursing school students has effect on their knowledge in this field, was the another aim. Answers of 102 responders were evaluated and specific steps based on the result of the survey were formulated. It will lead to increased awareness and earned knowledge specification of stroke issue among chosen nursing school students. The stroke issue is part of the nursing school curriculum throughout all grades. With the help of the research it was determined that the most frequent deficiencies were in the area of risk factors of stroke, prevention and therapy. Out of a total of 102 respondents, most would be able to identify general risk factors for...
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Medial tibial stress syndrome in runners and treatment of syndrome
Kučerová, Veronika ; Levínská, Kateřina (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
Bibliografický záznam KUČEROVÁ, Veronika. Medial tibial stress syndrome in runners and treatment of syndrome. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2023. Supervisor of work: Mgr. et. Bc. Kateřina Levínská. Abstract The topic of this bachelor thesis is medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) in runners and its treatment. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part with case studies and a questionnaire. In the theoretical part, the existing knowledge about MTSS is summarized. The practical part is divided into two sections. The first section presents the results of the questionnaire survey, verifying the correlation of the data from the literature review in the theoretical part with a real population sample. The second section contains the case reports of the patients themselves and the treatment proposal. The case report development involved a detailed initial examination, a follow-up therapy, and an exit examination. As part of the initial examination, an anamnesis was taken and a thorough kinesiological analysis was performed. The kinesiological analysis included an aspect examination, measurements of anthropometry, goniometry, navicular drop, weight distribution on the lower limbs, and special examinations such as the...
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Nurse education about thromboembolic disease about their risks and prevention.
HAVLOVÁ, Jitka
The bachelor thesis titled Nurse education about thromboembolic disease about their risks and prevention deals with patients' knowledge regarding the thromboembolic disease, education activities of nurses and determining the effectiveness of such education activities of nurses regarding thromboembolic disease. The theoretical part focuses on the anatomy of the vascular system and the heart as well as on the process of blood clotting. Furthermore, the theoretical part is devoted to the characteristics of thromboembolic disease, its symptoms and risk factors. The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disease are also presented. Finally, the nursing care of patients with phlebothrombosis and pulmonary embolism and patient education are described. Three objectives were set for this bachelor thesis. The first objective was to map the patients' knowledge of thromboembolic disease, about its risks and prevention. The second objective aimed to map the educational activities of nurses in the context of thromboembolic disease. The third objective was to discover how nurses determine the effectiveness of educational activities about thromboembolic disease. Based on these, following three research questions were established: What do the patients know about thromboembolic disease, about its risks and prevention? What kind of educational activities do the nurses in the hospital do regarding the prevention of thromboembolic disease? How do nurses determine the effectiveness of educational activities about thromboembolic disease in the hospital? In order to obtain the results of the research investigation, two research sets were established. The first research set consisted of the nurses providing care and the second research set consisted of the patients. These patients were hospitalized in the ward where the nurses worked. The actual research investigation was conducted by meeting the nurses and patients in person using qualitative method and semi-structured interviews. All interviews were recorded with the consent of the persons on a mobile device voice recorder. The data collected from the interviews were processed and analyzed using the pencil-and-paper method. The main categories and sub-categories were created based on these data. Three and seven subcategories were established for nurses providing care. There were three categories and six established for the patients. The first research question asked was: What do the patients know about thromboembolic disease, about its risks and prevention? According to the research conducted, it was found that patients do not have enough information about thromboembolic disease and are not fully informed by nurses in the hospital about the symptoms of phlebothrombosis and pulmonary embolism, risk factors and preventive measures of thromboembolic disease. Within the second research question, it was asked: What kind of educational activities do the nurses in the hospital do regarding the prevention of thromboembolic disease? The research showed that nurses educate patients about the importance of exercise, any activity, the proper application of low molecular weight heparin before discharge to home treatment and the proper loading of compression bandages before surgery. Regarding the third research question, How do nurses determine the effectiveness of educational activities about thromboembolic disease in the hospital?, the investigation showed that the most important thing for nurses is communication with the physiotherapist, monitoring the patient at each room visit as well as obtaining the feedback from the patient after education on the correct application of low molecular weight heparin. Based on the results of the survey, an information leaflet on thromboembolic disease has been developed and will be provided to private practices or hospitals.
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Aggression in patiens with psychosis
Nichtová, Andrea ; Vevera, Jan (advisor) ; Papežová, Hana (referee) ; Končelíková, Dana (referee)
Most psychiatric patients do not behave aggressively, but they very often become victims of aggressive behaviour. However, in the practical part of this work, we focused on the phenomenon of aggressive behaviour in psychotic patients, and we address victimization of psychotic patients in the theoretical part because it is one of the most important predictors of aggressive behaviour not only in psychiatric patients but also in the general population. In the literature, we encounter three basic immediate causes of aggressive behaviour - psychotic, impulsive, and predatory (planned) - which we observed in hospital conditions. Specifically, we focused on impulsive behaviour in aggressive patients, given that it is assumed that psychotic patients have difficulties in this area. The aim of this study was to examine the immediate causes of aggressive behaviour and provide data from the Czech Republic on their prevalence. Another goal was to determine whether the factor structure in our work is consistent with the three hypothesized factors described by Nolan et al. Another goal was to explore impulsive behaviour in psychotic patients in light of the reported reduced impulse control and emotional dysregulation associated with the emergence of aggressive behaviour in psychotic patients. The study aimed to...
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CMP (STROKE) - ALGORITHM OF EXAMINATION METHODS
MACKOVÁ, Pavlína
The bachelor thesis on CMP (stroke) - algorithm of examination methods deals with the disease of stroke, its definition, methods of examination, possible treatment and students' knowledge about this disease. The main objective of this study was to learn about the algorithm of examination methods in stroke and to find out the awareness of the respondents about this topic. The research question was: What is the awareness of the respondents about the process of examination and diagnosis of CMP? The thesis is divided into a theoretical section and a practical section. The first part focuses on the current state. Here the vascular supply to the brain, stroke, algorithm of examination methods and treatment of stroke are covered. Overall, the thesis is divided into six main chapters. The practical part deals with the questionnaire survey. The research purpose of this thesis was fulfilled by means of a questionnaire survey among Radiology Assisting students and Public Protection students with a focus on CBRNE. The questionnaire developed was the same for both groups of students. It was a standardized questionnaire with a choice of one answer each time. The resulting answers were then evaluated in clear graphs. The results of the conducted survey can offer us students' perspectives on anatomical knowledge of the brain, basic information about stroke, selected types of stroke examinations and stroke treatment. In addition, results from Radiology Assisting students and results from Public Protection students with a CBRNE focus can be compared to each other. The results can show us where students make the most mistakes and what information they know instead. Thus, the work can serve as a study material for students of all medical disciplines.
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