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Hydrogen vs. electricity - comparison of energy performance of EV powertrains
Šándor, Kristián ; Mišík, Ondrej (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
The topic of emission reduction and the increase in the share of energy produced from renewable sources remains actual and highly discussed in 2021. It was the major reason why I chose to compose this bachelor’s thesis, in which I aim to critically evaluate and compare the energy performance of an electrical vehicle and a hydrogen vehicle. The theoretical part of the thesis outlines the aforementioned drivetrains as well as the plug-in hybrid drivetrain. The practical part of the thesis focuses on calculations of the energy performance of the drivetrains for the year 2021 with a rational estimate for 2050. The methods of electricity and hydrogen production are crucial for energy performance evaluation. Data shows that electric cars operated in countries with a high share of energy produced from renewable sources are the least energetically demanding. On the other hand, if the energy production depends predominantly on fossil fuels, it is more efficient to operate a hydrogen vehicle. Calculations show that when considering the indirect emissions during the operation as well as the energy performance, the plug-in hybrid vehicles are the least efficient. The difference in efficiency between electric and hydrogen vehicles varies depending on the mode of energy production of that specific country. The conclusion of this thesis also discusses advantages, disadvantages and technological challenges concerning the aforementioned drivetrains.
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Boilers with medium capacity for biomass combustion of czech and foreign production
Habán, Tomáš ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The main objective of this work is to focus on biomass as one of the components of renewable energy sources for the production of thermal energy by combustion. The introduction of work maps the current state of biomass used in the Czech Republic. It evaluates options for future uses for biomass and also the size of the potential in the natural conditions of the Czech Republic. It also views this renewable resource from the point of view of energy conception and evaluace the government positron on this issue. Next part deals with the combustion of biomass and with the use of created thermal energy. It ruminate a problem of pollutants and shows values for emission limits results from the legislation. It shows ways of using this thermal energy and the associated production of electrical energy including an overview of the possibilities of its evaluation. The last part of this work describes a comparison between biomass boilers from Czech and foreign producers in the range of rated output 1 to 3 MW. It divides boilers in terms of legislation and shows the obligations and conditions attached to the operators of biomass boilers. It outlines the biggest application of boilers with medium capacity for biomass combustion in the Czech Republic.
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An emission reduction systems for vehicles with gasoline engines
Filip, Josef ; Fridrichová, Kateřina (referee) ; Böhm, Michael (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with ways for emission reduction of passenger cars with an ignition engine. The introduction describes the principle of combustion, the methods of preparation of the ignition mixture and pollutants that arise during the combustion. In the main part of the work, the individual specific provisions for reducing emissions used in modern vehicles are analyzed in detail. Further the examples of current emission systems for several selected cars are presented. All the findings are summarized in the following chapter. In the next part, own configuration of the emission system is described in detail, which is designed with the regard to maximum efficiency in reducing emissions. The summary together with the evaluation of the current situation and the outline of the possible direction for further development in this area are in the last part of this work.
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Boilers for solid fuel
Hotový, Michal ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The task of this bachelor thesis is write up a research about solid fuel boilers and describe solid fuels. In second part of bachelor thesis I make an experiment. I measure an emission and efficient burning wood and coal.
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Impactor for fine particle collection
Paulíková, Kateřina ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis provides an overview of fine particles contained in the air and possibilities for their analysis, measurement and capture. In the beginning, the fine particle's size and origin is described. Then, the influence of fine particles on human health is stated. Next, methods of air analysis and fine particle's measurement are presented. Legislation for emissions and immissions in the Czech Republic is summarized. Finally the selected types of impactors are introduced. The practical part consists of three chapters. First chapter contains the fundamental calculation procedure and its subsequent refinement. In the following part the comparison of the calculation procedure with the parameters of the commercial impactor is provided. Lastly, the design of the impactor is created for the specified parameters using the developed calculation procedure.
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Emissions of solid pollutants
Strnad, Ondřej ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with issue and properties of solid particles of anthropogenic origin. It describes the principles and technologies for removing them from the flue gas flow and avoid-ing leakage into the atmosphere. It focuses on types of separators, especially mechanical sepa-rators. The work includes an experimental part involving obtaining data characterizing the cyclone separator.
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Pollution control strategies and techniques for combustion processes
Kunc, Vlastimil ; Chlápek, Petr (referee) ; Bělohradský, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis deals with the problems of combustion process. The work gives the overview and the description of individual design parameters of the combustion facility. The analysis of the influence of design parameters on emissions formation is followed by the description of individual kinds of emissions and their impact on the environment. Next the most used reduction techniques are described. The work is closed by the overview of the emission limits in the Czech Republic.
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Modern low-emission combustion chamber for jet engines
Mašek, Jakub ; Nastálek, Ondřej (referee) ; Šplíchal, Miroslav (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis examines modern low-emission combustion chambers for jet engines. It´s foremost aim is to specify construction parameters of low-emission combustion chambers, compare it´s features and comprise the use of these combustors in civil aviation. Thesis deals with reasons of modern low-emission combustion chamber development and estimate future development in the region of aircraft industry. Another aim is to specify legislations of aviation emissions, history of certification standards and organizations, which make and control these limits.
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Production of Unmeasured Emissions by Combustion in House Boilers
Chlubna, Martin ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the production of non-monitored pollutants during combustion in domestic boilers. The theoretical part is made up of a research study dealing with pollutants and their legislation. In the experimental part combustion tests for coal and wood of different moisture are made. In conclusion, the measurement results are evaluated on the basis of chemical analysis.
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Technology of Selective Catalytic Reduction for Passenger Cars
Jurík, Juraj ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis describes the selective catalytic reduction technology. It concerned of reducing nitrogen oxides in diesel engines. It describes components of the technology, their function and location in system. in first chapter there are described harmful substances of exhaust gas in connection with this technology. Second chapter contains description of emission standards. Next chapters are describing selective catalytic reduction and solutions of some manufacturers.
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