|
|
Physiotherapeutic possibilities of alteration of respiratory mechanism of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Nečasová, Zuzana ; Havlová, Martina (advisor) ; Froňková, Eliška (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Zuzana Nečasová Supervisor: Mgr. Martina Havlová Title: Physiotherapeutic possibilities of alteration of respiratory mechanism of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and physiotherapeutic possibilities of influencing the mechanics of respiration in patients with this diagnosis. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a progressive disease of the airways, and physiotherapy may play an important role in slowing the progression and improving the quality of life in people with this diagnosis. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part of the thesis describes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and elements of pulmonary rehabilitation, the attention is focused mainly on the procedures of respiratory physiotherapy. The practical part is devoted to the work with a patient hospitalized at the 1st Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, who was admitted after prolonged exacerbations in order to improve the condition for the possibility of performing bronchoscopic volume reduction. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to compile a suitable combination of physiotherapeutic techniques in the treatment of patients with COPD. The...
|
|
|
Vliv stájového prostředí na dušnost koní
Trčková, Petra
The goal of this dissertation was to assess the impact of the stable environment on the breathlessness of horses. Breathlessness is a lay term for COPD, i.e. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The anatomy and physiology of respiration of horses and the COPD are concisely described in this dissertation. The dissertation also deals with preventive measures taken in stables and the basic parameters and the microclimate of stables. The measurements were carried out in each season of the year over a period of one years. The measurements took place in 8 stables and were carried out on 16 horses, 8 of whom were healthy and the other 8 were suffering from COPD. The horses breath, pulse and temperature were measured at different levels of physical aktivity. The microclimate of each stable was also measured. The results were statistically evaluated and verbally commented on the knowledge gained from literature searches.
|
|
|
Evaluation of the functional activity of inspiratory muscles in patients with COPD
Konfrštová, Tereza ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes essential knowledge about COPD, inspiration function and its pathological changes in COPD patients. It also deals with appropriate ways to diagnose and measure the inspiratory activity. It further deals with the effect of the body position on the monitored respiratory functions, appropriate method of inspiratory muscle training as well as with utilization of an inspiratory device. It also deals with the relevance of patient adherence for COPD treatment. The aim of the practical part is to evaluate whether the functional activity of inspiratory muscles changes in different body positions (lying-sitting-standing). The measurements were performed using the Powerbreathe K5 device by assessing S-index, Pif and Volume levels in 21 COPD patients and 8 probands representing a control group. The obtained data were then statistically processed and analyzed. The initial hypothesis regarding a change in measured values in different body positions has not been proved to be statistically significant. The change in measured values relating to the change in the body position, however, did manifest in individual patients, testing of the appropriate body position should therefore not be omitted in assessing the appropriate IMT parameters. Keywords: COPD, inspirational...
|
|
|
Non-invasive ventilation in patients with COPD
AUGUSTÍNOVÁ, Markéta
The thesis begins with a theoretical part containing a general description of artificial pulmonary ventilation, invasive pulmonary ventilation and a detailed description of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This section also focuses on a detailed description of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this thesis is to find out the real usability and success of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease received in 2018 at the department of ARO in the Hospital Jindřichův Hradec. The data was obtained from the patient documentation for 2018 from the ARO department and subsequently entered in the tables. The research found that in 2018, 162 patients had undergone the selected department, of whom 63 patients suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Noninvasive pulmonary ventilation was used in 75 patients. Of the total number of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation applications, 30 were used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The success of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in chronic patients reached 90 %. The main benefit is the fact that the number of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is increasing and that indeed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is aggravated in the winter months. Another benefit is the finding that the success and true utility of non-invasive pulmonary ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is very good.
|
|
| |
|
|
Relationship between pulmonary function and function of the diaphragm in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease
Hellebrandová, Lenka ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee) ; Herget, Jan (referee)
Problém: Obstrukce dýchacích cest a průtoková limitace, způsobená chronickou obstrukční plicní nemocí (CHOPN) nebo astma bronchiale (AB), může způsobit změny tvaru, pozice a pohybů bránice v důsledku zvýšení plicních objemů. Hypotézy: U pacientů s obstrukčním respiračním onemocněním se bude funkce bránice lišit oproti kontrolní skupině zdravých jedinců, což se projeví na jejím postavení a rozsahu pohybu. Existuje vztah mezi plicními funkcemi a polohou a pohyby bránice. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo zjistit, zda pozice, tvar a pohyby bránice u ležících pacientů s průtokovou limitací během maximálních dechových a posturálních manévrů se liší od tvaru, pozice a pohybů bránice za stejné situace u jedinců bez patologie respiračního systému. Zkoumali jsme rozdíly mezi pacienty s CHOPN, pacienty s AB a zdravými jedinci. Cílem bylo také stanovit tyto vztahy v kontextu vážnosti průtokové limitace, resp. obstrukce dechových cest. Metodika: Soubor tvořily 3 skupiny probandů, celkem 31 dospělých: 10 jedinců s klinicky stabilním AB (5 žen a 5 můžů), 11 jedinců s klinicky stabilním, středně těžkým CHOPN (7 mužu a 4 ženy) a kontrolní skupinu tvořilo 10 zdravých jedinců (5 mužů a 5 žen). Všichni probandi podstoupili komplexní měření plicních funkcí a kardiopulmonální zátežové vyšetření. Bránici jsme vyšetřovali pomocí...
|
|
|
Meeting the needs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Čejková, Denisa ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Křivková, Jana (referee)
The intention of the thesis was based on an exploratory investigation to determine whether the needs of patients with COPD varies depending on the stage of the disease. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters. The first slew characteristic of COPD, its diagnosis and subsequent treatment. The second deals with the classification of needs, motives and consequences that arise for patients insufficient meet the needs. The third part focuses on the specifics of treating patients with COPD. In the empirical part presents the results of quantitative research, which was conducted via questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed to hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stage II, III and IV on the second clinic of Pneumology, University Hospital Motol. Exploratory survey was conducted anonymously, from July to December 2017. The main criterion for selection of respondents were diagnosed with COPD, good physical condition, mental well-being and willingness of patients to share their feelings. A total of 76 patients were approached, of which three savings would not participate. From the exploratory investigation showed that patients II. stages are distinctly identified needs, than patients in stage III and IV....
|
|
|
Quality of life with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Dostálková, Šárka ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Kollarová, Jana (referee)
Bakalářská práce se věnuje kvalitě života pacientů s chronickou obstrukční plicní nemocí (CHOPN). V teoretické části jsou definovány základní termíny a pojmy, jedná se například o definici CHOPN, její prevalenci, diagnostiku i terapii, popsán je koncept kvality života, zmíněny jsou metody užívané k jejímu zjišťování, přičemž pozornost je soustředěna zejména na dotazníky zjišťující kvalitu života pacientů s CHOPN. V empirické části je provedena analýza dotazníkového šetření realizovaném na 52 mužích v různých stadiích CHOPN. Dotazník byl vyhodnocen jak pro celý výzkumný vzorek, tak i pro jednotlivá stadia nemoci.
|
|
|
Analysis of Pharmacotherapy by patients with diagnosis of COPD
Kartali Kaouni, Marilena ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Matoulková, Petra (referee)
Title: Analysis of Pharmacotherapy by patients with diagnosis of COPD Student: Marilena Kartali-Kaouni Tutor: Prof. RNDr. Jiri Vlcek, CSc Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Background: " Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases". Tobacco smoking is the major risk factor in the development of COPD. COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aim: 1st from the current literature to understand the nature of COPD and obtain information about the aetiopathogenesis of the disease, diagnosis options and summarize the current view of strategies for achieving the goals of treatment. 2nd in a pilot study to analyze drug therapy in COPD patients visiting a pharmacy in Greece. Methods: 56 prescriptions with the diagnosis of COPD were collected during a period of 8 months from a Greek pharmacy. Information from the prescriptions with regard to COPD medications prescribed (active substances, trade names, strength, dosage scheme, pack size), patients characteristics (age and gender) and prescribing...
|
|
|
Sensorimotor training - part of comprehensive treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Bezděková, Tereza ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Babková, Lenka (referee)
The thesis deals with the possibility to influence the values of the lung function in patiens with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after exercise carried out according to the Methodology of sensorimotor training. The thesis contains a summary of theoretical knowledge about the pathophysiologic expresion of COPD, including their consequences not only for the respiratory system, but musculoskeletal system as well. Furthermore the thesis includes the information about the Methodology of sensorimotor training, that was used to influence the posture correction in our research. Methods: The spirometric examination of flow-volume curves monitor the changes prior to and after the exercise according to sensorimotor training in patiens with COPD (mean age 60, 733 ± 11,817). Results: The using of sensorimotor training can provide correction of the position of the whole body, of the chest, and change a chest mobility and in total to set up conditions for more economical muscle activation. This enable the changes in the values of the lung functions in the patiens with COPD, that we measured. Not all changes showed statistically significant change. Conclusion: Using sensorimotor training have an objective effect on the values of the lung function in patiens with COPD.
|
guest ::
