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Anatomical Changes on the Skeleton in the Evolution of Genus Homo
Hoffmannová, Valérie ; Dvořáková, Radka (advisor) ; Schierová, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the anatomical features on the skeletons of species Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensi, Homo sapiens and Homo naledi. For each type are described those features which characterize it. Emphasis is placed on changes in the anatomy of the skull and pelvis, but they are also mentioned other features typical for the species. Part of this work is to outline the mobility and function of the skeleton. Information about individual species are supplemented by a description of external signs which are due to the anatomy of the skeleton. Keywords: Anatomy, Morphology, skeleton, skull, pelvis, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens, Homo naledi
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Case report of physiotherapy care of patient with dislocation of elbow
Bechyňák, Václav ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Vaňous, František (referee)
Title of bachelor's thesis: Case report of physiotherapy care of patient with dislocation of elbow Thesis aim: Aim of this bachelor's thesis is summary of theoretical knowledge and study of rehabilitation in context with traumatology, especially dislocation, of elbow joint. Then use this knowledge in practice with patient with status post dislocation of elbow joint. Method: Theoretical part of bachelor's thesis includes anatomic, kinesiological and biomechanical findings of elbow joint in relationship with other structures. In other section are described issues of traumatology of elbow joint, with focus on elbow dislocations. There is detailed description of examination a therapy, mainly meant by rehabilitation care with using physical therapy and physiotherapeutic methods. In special part of thesis I processed detailed case report of 55 years old female patient with status post posterior dislocation of right elbow joint after removal of plaster fixation, which immobilized joint for one month. This case report was made during my professional practice in C.L.P.A. in Prague, Vysočany, and in term 9. 1. - 3. 2. 2012 under the supervision of physiotherapist Mgr. František Vaňous. In thesis is processed complete input and output kinesiology analysis, description of process of each therapy unit and...
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Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine
Fílová, Veronika ; Kuba, Kryštof (advisor) ; Jakovcová, Karolína (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surname: Veronika Fílová Supervisor: PhDr. Kryštof Kuba Cert. MDT Consultant: Mgr. Silvie Táborská Title: Application of R. McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine Abstract: This bachelor thesis is dealing with application of Robin McKenzie's method in the therapy of functional disorders of the cervical spine. The aim of this work is to describe the practical use of mechanical diagnosis and therapy in patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine and also to point out the early indication of surgical treatment without applying all conservative treatment options. This bachelor thesis serves also as a basis for the diploma thesis which will focus in more details on the use of this method in the therapy of cervicobrachial syndrome. In the theoretical part of the thesis there is a brief description of anatomy and kinesiology of the cervical spine, the patophysiology of the cervical spine and there is also a description of mechanical diagnosis and therapy. In the practical part, there are case histories of five patients with functional disorders of the cervical spine. The McKenzie's method was used for examination and therapy. The problems were resolved in four patients in an average of 23.5 days. The last patient discontinued the...
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Taxonomic revision of the genera Anisus in the Czech Republic (Mollusca: Planorbidae)
Zavoral, Tomáš ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Beran, Luboš (referee)
The aim of this work is to critically review the anatomical and morphological characters being currently used in the determination of Central European species of the genus Anisus and to confront them with molecular characters. For the molecular analysis mitochondrial genes for 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase - subunit I (COI) were used. DNA analysis showed that known species occuring in the Czech Republic form well distinguishable genetic lines. Subsequent revisions of the anatomical characters of these lines have proven that these characters are due to their variability not suitable for determination, especially for the differentiating of the species A. spirorbis and A. leucostoma. The conchological characters have proven more suitable, especially the ratio of the size of the last and penultimate whorl. With the help of this character, we can safely determine a population within which there are transitional forms in other morphological and anatomical characters.
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Heart Function and Disfunction in Human Anatomy Teaching in Schools
Martinková, Nicole ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Přívratský, Vladimír (referee)
TITLE: Heart Function and Disfunction in Human Anatomy Teaching in Schools AUTHOR: Nicole Martinková DEPARTMENT: Department of Biology and Environmental Studies SUPERVISOR: Doc. RNDr. Václav Vančata, CSc. ABSTRACT: This Bachelor's thesis is concerned with the anatomy of the human heart, with its function, and with the most important illnesses of the coronary system. The aim of this thesis is especially to find out how teachers in schools dedicate to the issue of the anatomy and function of the heart and its diseases that are associated with unhealthy diets and poor lifestyle and how they point out the prevention. The research part was created on the basis of interviews with the directors of schools and teachers of biology and natural history in three primary and three secondary schools in Mladá Boleslav and based on study and comparison of educational programs of the schools and the framework of the educational program. The results of the research are presented in the text and in the form of charts and schemes. The research part also compares textbooks of biology and natural history. KEYWORDS: Heart - function - disfunction - anatomy - school
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The "Bodies" Probe into the Thinking of the Czech Society
Dobošová, Andrea ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Having been on for ten years, "Bodies" The Exhibition still arouses strong controversial reactions. The authors of the exhibition of dead bodies speak about education, whereas the opponents object it is an unethical business. The Czech society has its system of values, which has developed over centuries. The objective of my Bachelor thesis is to monitor the social affairs, which reflect the change of mentality and orientation of values as influenced by new possibilities of self- fulfilment. In media, and not only there, a sheer variety of opinions was given on the exhibition. Leading Czech scholars, including medical doctors, theologians, journalists and art historians, gave their statements; their views being mostly a rejection. Judging from the number of tickets sold, the interest of the public to see the exhibition is great. The purpose of my thesis is to record a probe by means of the analytic method, within which I describe the Czech society in a specific conduct perceived by the majority as non-problematic. The current situation is an excellent way to learn about the real world we live in.
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Laboratory Work on Plant Physiology and Anatomy and its Use at Primary School
Vágnerová, Kateřina ; Teodoridis, Vasilis (advisor) ; Odcházelová, Tereza (referee)
The presented master thesis is focused on practical teaching of the plant anatomy, morphology ad physiology at primary schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a summary of the basic knowledge about plant morphology anatomy and physiology including integration of the practical teaching of natural science in Framework Education Programme and its extension into the School Education Programme. This part includes also detail theoretical background of teaching methods, which are suitable for laboratory work and didactic games. The second, practical part contains a detail description of the seven author's laboratory works and seven didactic games dealing with different topics from the plant anatomy, morphology and physiology, their practical evaluation on pupils of two primary schools and one secondary school including following detailed analysis of the realized questionnaire of these didactic materials. According to the obtained research data, it is obvious that the using of practical teaching form is more attractive for the pupils than conventional teaching methods at primary school.
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Scientific reconstruction of the fossil marine amniots
Cettl, Karel ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Ekrt, Boris (referee)
To create a good scientific reconstruction is important artistic skills and knowledge of history painting of prehistoric animals, and also knowlages in the anatomy, zoology, palaeontology, palaeoecology and also biomechanics. Reconstruction It stands on the borderline between art and science. Our view on the fossil marine Amniotes change over time with advancing skeletal findings, and also changed a scientific reconstruction. Although the actual outputs, such as reconstruction and in particular 3D models can explain a number of new or unexplained informations about this group. A reconstruction expert can not only beautify their actions, but also enthance scientific knowledge, or even to outline a new direction for further research. Keywords: Scientific reconstruction, fossil marine amniotes, adaptation, anatomy, evolution, palaeoecology, biomechanice, 3D models, trends.
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Variation of abnormalities of foramen obturatum and retropubic space and its relation to complications of tape surgery
Hubka, Petr ; Mašata, Jaromír (advisor) ; Smetana, Karel (referee) ; Krofta, Ladislav (referee)
Introduction: The knowledge of anatomy is crucial for introduction of new surgical methods. It is also of especial use while dealing with surgical complications during surgeries with limited surgical field, where the way of approach limits the management of complications. It was assumed that common anatomical variations would influence different efficacy of surgeries and would explain potential complications. Methods: During anatomical dissections fifty female cadavers were dissected and tension-free vaginal tapes TVT-S H, TVT-S U, TVT Abbrevo and Ajust were studied. A novel descriptive system for localisation of the tape was created. During the dissection the tape was located and its localisation and fixation was described. Results: Common anatomical variation in the sample was corona mortis with frequency of 72 %. Preperitoneal fatty plug, which is recognized by some authors as the first stage of obturator hernia, was found in 40 % in obturator canal. The proper fixation of TVT-S H was achieved in 53.6 %. In 10.5 % urinary bladder was injured. In case of TVT-S U the proper fixation occurred in 63.8 %. In two cases the inserter was nearby corona mortis. Within the group of TVTO Abbrevo the tape was fixated properly into the obturator complex (consists of the obturator membrane and obturator muscles) in...
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Vliv hiporehabilitace na člověka a koňský hřbet
Lörincová, Tereza
The main issue of this dissertation is the influence hiporehabilitation on the human body and the horseback. This thesis consist of the recherche and my own results. Recherche concentrate on the characteristic of all spheres of the hiporehabilitation, history and the effect. Furthermore, on diseases which are arising in particular spheres. For the treatment of results for this thesis was made a qualitative research with the help of questionaires which was consequently evaluated. Within the framework of the research I visited two centres and I found out all of the available information about clients who attend hiporehabilitation and about horses which the hiporehabilitation was practising on. The main task is evaluated in the end-influence of the therapy on the human body and the influence on the horses. The thesis finally lead in the help to relevant centres to reach some informationes about the effect on their clients.
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