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Tax Revenues in the Area of the Environment
BLÁHOVÁ, Tamara
The thesis focuses on the development of tax revenues in the Czech Republic, particularly regarding energy taxes. It seeks to accurately characterize and define environmental tax revenues, primarily through theoretical exposition, and subsequently in the practical section using basic tax indicators. The practical part further analyzes the evolution of energy tax collections. This analysis involves confirming or refuting seasonality using a specific statistical test, namely the F-test of seasonality. Additionally, it examines the trend and seasonal fluctuations in monthly tax collections of these taxes over the years. The thesis describes possible causes of these fluctuations and the trend in energy tax collections, as well as the consumption of commodities subject to these taxes. Monthly tax collection data (i.e., taxes on electricity, natural gas, and solid fuels) are obtained from statistics provided on the customs administration website, while data related to macroeconomic variables (e.g., GDP) are obtained from the Czech Statistical Office. Regarding tax indicators, it was found that the share of energy taxes in total tax revenues is increasing, the partial tax quota of energy taxes has been decreasing over the years, and the share of energy taxes per capita is slightly increasing. A detailed analysis of monthly collections then reveals that collections from electricity and natural gas taxes, as well as the consumption of commodities subject to these taxes, are increasing. Conversely, a decreasing trend was observed in collections from solid fuel taxes, which was also observed in the consumption of one of the most commonly used solid fuels, namely coal. Seasonality on a monthly basis was evident for all three observed taxes, with the most pronounced seasonality observed in collections from solid fuel taxes.
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Slow tourism
HAŠKOVÁ, Michala
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to define slow tourism and clarify how this form of tourism differs from other forms and what benefits it has compared to mass tourism. This work is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with defining tourism, sustainability in tourism and the positive and negative impacts that tourism brings. The work then focuses more closely on slow tourism itself, on its definition and the emergence of this form of tourism, as well as on the requirements that destinations should meet in order to be suitable for slow tourism. Furthermore, the work examines the potential for the development of slow tourism in the Czech Republic and deals with the only destination in the Czech Republic that focuses on slow tourism, namely Orlické hory and Podorlicko. At the end of the analytical part, there is a proposal for a new slow destination. The practical part uses research based on data from questionnaires, it was distributed in electronic form and then each question is processed graphically and commented.
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Visible blindness in the urban world society's relation to light now and then
Pata, Václav ; Sedlák, Michal (advisor) ; Gajdošíková, Pavla (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on city in time and age of artificial lighting. It takes the issue of light pollution as its starting point. Elementary sources and consequences of over- lighting are used as a base for the Forgotten Dark worksheets. The sheets were created in collaboration with Veřejný sál Hraničár (Public Hall Hraničář) as an educational material for the gallery cycle Light. Together with the sheets, a need to widen my knowledge and apply it to a specific situation arose. I picked Obchodní dům Prior and Kulturní středisko Corso (Shopping Mall Prior and Culture Center Corso) in the neighborhood of Krásné Březno for that purpose. The pick of the place directed the development of the themes of the theoretical part of the thesis. The middle part of the thesis is trying to show contemporary city from two essential angles. Firstly, I tried to answer the question about sources of the shape contemporary city has taken upon itself. The rest is focused on building public spaces in regard to their nighttime flow. The final chapter is exploring the object of Corso. At first It is trying to take a look at the context of the city part of Krásné Březno, then it is taking a look at the city part in context of Ústí nad Labem. The gathered information is used for a presentation of possible future of...
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The History and Activities of the Town and Country Planning Department of The Ressearch Institute for Building and Architecture in Brno
Žáčková, Markéta ; Chatrný, Jindřich (referee) ; Ing.arch.Igor Kovačevič, Ph.D. (referee) ; Doležel, Karel (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The dissertation explores the history and activities of the Brno-located Town and Country Planning Department of The Research Institute for Building and Architecture (RIBA) since its foundation in 1954 until its abolishment in 1994. As a part of the department functioning, a description of its main research tasks and publications, which had played an essential part while formulating theory and methodology of urban planning after the 2nd World War in Czechoslovakia, are introduced. Special attention is paid to tasks and publications whose authors and research workers applied interdisciplinary approaches and – in spite of the prevailing totalitarian regime – managed to apply their experience acquired abroad to produce highly influential works such as The Principles and Rules of Spatial Planning. Another objective of the dissertation is the creation of a complex bibliography of texts that were produced by the department (books, reports on the outcomes of research tasks that had been explored at the Town and Country Planning Department and that were released internally as handbooks serving research workers of the institute and other institutions focusing on building and architecture). Depictions of the Brno department of RIBA from the perspective of two of its significant representatives who have outlived the institution they had witnessed to be founded and to the functioning of which they had significantly contributed, become a key part of the text: Ing. arch. Vladimír Matoušek, CSc., the second head of the Town and Country Planning Department of RIBA and Ing. arch. Dušan Riedl, CSc., a theoretician of architecture and urban planning and a top expert on Czech national herritage. As the topic has not yet been subjected to scholarly research, the main objective of the work is to create the very first complex text on the Brno department of RIBA and its activities. The circumstances surrounding the constitution of RIBA in the context of other similarly functioning research institutes are pursued with a special focus on the fields of building, architecture and urban planning as well as legislative embedding of its foundation and functioning, its organization structure, staff, definition of taskmasters and the way the tasks were approached, relations to other institutions in the field, publishing activities and transfer of theoretical research outcomes to practice. The text also deals with the state of present-day research of architecture and urban planning. Archive material and publications released by the institute represent a predominant source of information about RIBA activities. They are now stored at the archive of ABF Foundation in Prague (the foundation has been administering both the archive and library of the Prague department of RIBA since its abolishment), at the library of The Institute for Spatial Development in Brno (the institute administers the library of the former Brno department) and at the Moravian Land Archive in Brno. Both of the archives have been thoroughly researched by the author. Critical reflections upon the urban-planning department of RIBA occurring in contemporary publications and periodicals are another important source of information which help to specify the character of its activities (recent literature mentions RIBA scarcely, a complex evaluation is still missing). Oral history reported by former employees of RIBA, who had contributed to the first-rate quality of its research activities.
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Risk of stationary sources associated with valuation of environmental damage
Procházková, Michaela ; Popelová, Barbora (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
The problems with the environmental damage valuation which are caused by the stationary sources belong to the important issues to be solved. Due to the heavy industrial activity in the Czech Republic it is important to pay attention to the possible risks which can emerge from these sources and can impact the environment and the health condition of people. The thesis deals with the analysis of the present state of this problem. The analysis of the risks which come from the specific situation is made on its basis. The goal of this thesis is to propose the general procedure of the valuation of the incurred damage on the environment and the minimization of the risks.
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Environmental Impact Assessment for Chosen Plastic Molding Technology
Dufková, Hana ; Kotek, Luboš (referee) ; Krbalová, Maria (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with assessment of environmental load by selected plastic molding technology. The first part is focused on the ecological legislation in the field of mechanical engineering, which also includes the production of plastics, and describes various methodologies for assessing the environmental load. Another chapter is an overview of polymers and their properties as well as the possibilities of plastics processing with description of individual types of production methods. The practical part of this work describes the composition of the produced piece and the injection molding process of plastic production. Its two methods (direct gating and hot sprue method) are analyzed and then the environmental load evaluation is performed using the LCA method – product life cycle assessment. The environmental load of both production methods is assessed.
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Distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants
Šilhánková, Lenka ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with a trending topic – wastewater distribution of pharmaceuticals proven to be toxic to non-target organisms – specifically, the occurrence of beta-blockers, plentifully used in treating hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases, is discussed. Members of this group, Atenolol, Acebutolol and Bisoprolol were chosen for closer study. The elimination of these chemicals was observed in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) with different treatment technologies and various number of population equivalents. For said analytes, UHPLC with UV/VIS detection using diode array detector (DAD) method was optimalised. A part of this thesis also deals with optimalization of isolation and concentrating the analytes. Unfortunately, the described method was not suitable for real sample analysis, because in most samples, the limit of quantification or even the limit of detection was not exceeded. It would be best for an analytical method with higher sensitivity, e. g. mass detector, to be used. The data gained in this experiment do not hold any informational value about the effectiveness of WWTP, as the exact amount of Acebutolol in effluent was measured only in one case. Based on the to-date executed analysis, it is impossible to conclude whether the quality of the treated water, concerning the content of aforementioned pharmaceuticals, is in any way ideal.
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Business Project in the Area of Renewable Resources of Energy
Kerndl, Michal ; Kallabová,, Eva (referee) ; Heralecký, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of my thesis, which is called „Business project in the area of renewable energy resources“, is to analyze business opportunities in the area of renewable energy resources, which have been highly actual and discussed recently, whether in term of benefit for environment or in connection with international problem of shortness in energy resources. Result of this thesis is, on the basis of the analysis, to define recommendations in the form of optimal proposal for realization. The thesis is engaged in description of current state in the area of the renewable energy resources, their utilization in practice and consequential proposals for realization including project financial plan. The thesis is also engaged in possibilities of state budget and EU grants use.
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Evaluation of environmental load by polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Roček, Richard ; Stoupalová, Michaela (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The target of my diploma thesis is evaluation of soil load by polybrominated diphenylethers. This is the soils, which were affected by fire and comparsion with load by soils, which were not affected by fire. In teoretical part available informations about BDE from various sources are processed. Target of practical part is find the optimal method for determination BDE, verification of her yield a determination of reals samples with using this method. In the end this thesis contains measured results, its interpetation in tables, graphes and evaluation of load by individual congeners. Key is comparsion load of soils, which were affected and which were not affected by fire. BDE are released during the fire and we can decide that soils which were caused by fire should be contaminated more, than soils, which were not caused by fire.
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Sustainable development from the perspective of the public sector
Klimeš, Zdeněk ; Hromádka, Vít (referee) ; Matějková, Jitka (advisor)
The thesis focuses on the evaluation of sustainable urban development. The theoretical part is processed as literature research, from which important indicators for the design of the methodology of sustainable development assessment of the city are derived. The research presents basic concepts related to the public sector, local government, sustainable development, and public investments. The core part of the thesis is the design a methodology to help local governments to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the city's sustainability. Additionally, it can serve as a basis for investment decision-making. This methodology is based on a multi-criteria analysis of selected key indicators that assess the functionality and sustainability of cities. The aim of this work is to offer cities a practical tool that will not only help with the assessment of the situation, but will also contribute to improving the sustainability of urban areas as centers and producers of significant economic, ecological, and social processes.
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