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Wood modification : enhancing the functionality of wood products /
Čermák, Petr
The overall aim of this habilitation thesis is to improve the physical, mechanical and biological properties of native wood. This has been accomplished by thorough analysis of the current state of knowledge in the field of chemical and thermo-hygro-mechanical modification, as a basis for (a) optimising current methods; and (b) developing a new chemical and thermo-hygro-mechanical wood modification processes. The present work is focused mainly on the use of European beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.), one of the most widespread and important broad-leaf tree species in Europe; however, other wood species presented herein are also of interest.
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The Cross in Changing of Times and its Significance in Ancient Society
Roule, Radek ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Weis, Martin (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The Cross in Changing of Times and its Significance in Ancient Society The cross is the most widespread symbol appearing worldwide right from the prehistoric times. Though being formed of a very simple shape of two intersecting lines the significance is far reaching. This dissertation looks at the cross both as a sign pointing beyond itself and concentrates on the diversity of its visual appearance. It tries to trace back the possible factors preceding Antiquity influencing the formation of the actual shape in that particular period of history. Although for most part the cross is understood in its connection with the Crucifixion of Christ its history is far more complex beginning in pre-Christian era. The biblical texts present more or less mere allusions of the cross itself. Seen typologically the cross may be understood as the element connecting both Old and New Testament creating a sort of a bridge between them. The careful analysis of the Early Christian documents brings several terms used for the same reality. The most significant are - σταυρός with the Latin equivalent crux and ξύλου (wood) with the Latin equivalent lignum. Later on these give a way to a more general term of σημεῖον (sign) and finally to a symbolic expression "σύμβολον σωτηρίας" (sign-symbol of salvation). The early Christian writers...
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Community housing in Brno-Komín
Raková, Markéta ; Pekár, Pavel (referee) ; Novák, Antonín (advisor)
The subject of the diploma thesis was the design of a multifunctional building within the framework of community housing, located in the area of former gardens along Řezáčova Street in the urban district of Brno-Komín, at the intersection between the existing urban structure of the original panel housing estate and open countryside. The enclosed area currently forms a barrier between the cycling and walking route under Palacký Hill and the existing development. This presents an opportunity to open up and make this area more accessible to people. Overall, there are five residential buildings proposed in the area, each consisting of five above-ground floors, with the top floor being setback with vegetated roofs and terraces. The semi-open composition of the buildings responds to the existing urban structure and the panel housing development. It creates a space accessible not only to community residents but also to the public. The design of the multifunctional building is based on key principles such as Baugruppe construction, sustainability, prefabrication, and the associated speed of construction and variability of proposed interior spaces. It also emphasizes creating a place that fosters interaction among community residents. Furthermore, the aim is to work with wood as a significant element for reducing CO2 emissions and to influence the architect's and builder's attitude towards this material in terms of fire and environmental considerations. For these reasons, the building is designed as a hybrid timber and concrete structure. This system allows for fast, flexible, and cost-effective construction and an efficient combination of the properties of individual materials. The communication system of the building is designed as a gallery, offering additional meeting opportunities for residents for the purpose of community living. Operationally, the building is designed as a multifunctional structure with a predominant residential function. Common areas in the ground floor of the building are available for community residents in the form of co-working spaces, a café, and community workshops. The last setback fifth floor is also dedicated to the building's users, featuring wellness areas and an apartment for accommodating potential visitors of the residents. Users also have access to other shared spaces such as a bicycle room, stroller storage, and laundry room.
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Effect of strain rate on the mechanical properties of materials
Gajdošík, Matej ; Forejt, Milan (referee) ; Jopek, Miroslav (advisor)
Metóda Taylorovho testu je využívaná na skúmanie vlastností materiálu za podmienok dynamického zaťažovania. Práca predstavuje kompletný proces vývoja, montáže a testovania nového testovacieho zariadenia zameraného na dosiahnutie symetrického nárazu dvoch vzoriek materiálu v pohybe. Zariadenie je testované v dvoch konfiguráciách, pričom sú opísané výsledky oboch. Boli vykonané materiálové testy smrekového dreva, ktoré boli následne porovnané s výsledkami získanými z klasického Taylorovho kanóna. Boli zistené a opísané podstatné rozdiely. Ukázalo sa, že vykonané simulácie symetrického nárazu s využitím modelu smrekového materiálu nezodpovedajú praktickým experimentom, čo naznačuje potrebné zmeny modelu.
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NetZero – carbon neutral living in Brno
Běhůnek, Ondřej ; Gebauer, Pavel (referee) ; Sedláček, Michal (advisor)
housing, apartment, urban living, work and live, city, boulevard, city block, compact structure, courtyard, NetZero, timber, CLT, sustainability, residential building, ground floor, loggia, terrace, green roof, wooden cladding
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Improvement of Wood Properties in Aviation
Novosád, Matěj ; Katrňák, Tomáš (referee) ; Löffelmann, František (advisor)
The work focuses on improving the useful properties of wood in aviation using known methods of its modification. The structural and mechanical properties of wood are described together with a basic overview of some aircraft structures using wood. A substantial part of the work consists of a description of individual modification methods, including their impact on the mechanical properties of wood. The work ends with a summary of some suppliers of wood as a material for aircraft construction and also with a description of some new methods of modification.
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Woodworking machines for furniture industry
Tomalík, Jan ; Chladil, Josef (referee) ; Kalivoda, Milan (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with woodworking machines that are used in the furniture industry to produce furniture parts. Initially, this topic describes wood as such. It discusses in detail its structure and composition, which are important in determining the physical and mechanical attributes of wood. The topic then focuses on the main machining methods by which wood can be processed, including the machines used for this purpose. Problems in sawing wood, that are caused by defects in the tool or in the material being machined, are mentioned. There is also a brief classification of furniture products according to the furniture standard, where furniture is classified using several factors. Finally, all the woodworking machines and methods are interpreted on the design of a wine rack, the manufacture of which is discussed in detail from the initial collection of the semi-finished product to its final assembly. A technological process is drawn up for all the parts needed to assemble the stand, accompanied by drawings.
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Sport hall and its facilities for the elementary school Hudcova 35, Brno
Šmajda, Róbert ; Klimecký, Martin (referee) ; Gerö, Jiří (advisor)
The subject of the thesis is the design of the SPORTS HALL AND ITS FACILITIES FOR THE PRIMARY SCHOOL HUDCOVA 35, BRNO. The diploma thesis directly follows on from the developed urban planning study from subject AG056 - Pre-diploma project. The elaborated architectural study deals with the object of the sports hall and its facilities serving primarily elementary school students, fans of recreational sports, but also the general public. The addressed area is located in the Brno-Medlánky district. The building plot is spread over a slightly sloping terrain. The plot itself is currently surrounded by mostly flat fields, pastures and a historical park. The study of the sports hall, as well as the urban study of the territory, respects the surrounding terrain and the natural character of the landscape. It simultaneously recognizes pedestrian and traffic communication directions and connections to the immediate surroundings. The proposed hall together with the background, a tribune for 300 spectators, a multifunctional hall and a clubhouse with a buffet has the shape of a pure block cut into the terrain. It uses materials such as wood, glass and concrete. It consists of 3 floors and an entrance mezzanine. The balance between the proposed sports hall, the expression of respect for the current natural scenery and terrain relief is taken into account in the architectural expression of the entire object.
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Substances
Zadražilová, Lenka ; Písaříková, Jana (referee) ; Fexová, Patricie (advisor)
The thesis is part of a long-term project in which I focus on dust. The scope of this material is, however, narrowed down and the thesis comes to a point where the focus is on only one kind of dusty substance – wood dust, sawdust, or wood in general. The series of paintings with the motif of wood, which is applied with sawdust on wooden boards, does not only thematize a certain form of dust, but also a certain linguistic category and experience with wood, or the experience of working with it, developed since the time of my childhood because of living in a carpenter's family. The thesis contains a combination of painterly and conceptual starting points, drawing on and benefiting from the experience of earlier artwork on a dust project.
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Difuzní vlastnosti OSB desek v důsledku zasažení nadměrnou vlhkostí.
Žižková, Lucie ; Vertal', Marián (referee) ; Chybík, Josef (referee) ; Bečkovský, David (advisor)
The presented dissertation focuses on the change of diffusion properties in oriented strand board (OSB) panels after exposure to excessive moisture. OSB panels undergo a change in their diffusion properties after being affected by excessive moisture and subsequently dried, causing them to deviate from the original design of the wooden wall structure. The aim of this study is to describe the experimentally measured change in diffusion properties and incorporate it into the composition of a real wooden wall structure, evaluating its performance through computer simulation. The introduction of the dissertation provides the theoretical basis for the experimental section, which includes measurements of water absorption, diffusion properties, and the risk of mold growth. The experimental section describes the approaches and methods used to achieve the objectives of the dissertation. The measurements were conducted on test samples of OSB panels in the laboratories of the Institute of Civil Engineering. After being exposed to excessive moisture, the test samples were dried using two drying methods. The dried test samples were placed in testing assemblies, where diffusion was measured using the dry cup method. The measurements were carried out in two stages, with more than 80 samples measured in each research stage. In the final part, the measurements are evaluated through graphs. The change in diffusion properties was then incorporated into the composition of a real wooden wall structure and assessed using computer simulation, which is more commonly used in practice according to ČSN 73 0540 (Czech Technical Standard).
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