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Resolving banking crises
Juhász, Michal ; Seknička, Pavel (advisor) ; Bažantová, Ilona (referee)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the banking crisis and aims to account for different approaches to the understanding of the nature of banking crisis. The Thesis further aims to provide answers why the banking crisis are caused and why so far there are no measures that would effectivelly prevent such crisis. At first, the Thesis states the definition of banking with the emphasis on banks as the institutional backbone of the current functioning of the financial system. The Thesis pays specific attention to the characteristics of two basic legal banking instruments, particulary loans and deposits. While acknowledging the loan expansion, the thesis argues the role of regulatory authorities and the limits of their competences in regards to the prevention of crisis. Followingly, the Thesis offers a view on a banking crisis phenomenon with appropriate historical overview outlining the banking crisis in Czechoslovakia in years 1918 to 1939 and after 1989, the loan expension influence on the business cycles and approaches to banking crisis solving in respect to stabilization of the banking system and restructuring of banks. At last but not least, the Thesis sums up the global financial crisis that started as a banking crisis, respectively as a crisis of one segment of the banking market in the United States...
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Macro-Financial challenges in Emerging Markets
Jašová, Martina ; Geršl, Adam (advisor) ; Schmieder, Christian (referee) ; Babecký, Jan (referee) ; Jakubík, Petr (referee)
This dissertation thesis consists of three essays on macroeconomics and finance. In these essays, I focus on events which adversely affect emerging markets and present challenges to economic policy and central bank thinking. My aim is to contribute to the existing empirical literature by providing new evidence on the role of private credit, effects of macroprudential policies and understanding of the exchange-rate pass-through. The first essay evaluates policy measures taken to curb bank credit growth in the private sector in the pre-crisis period 2003-2007. The analysis is based on an original survey conducted on central banks in Central and Eastern Europe. The findings reveal substantial policy intervention and indicate that certain measures - particularly asset classification and provisioning rules; and loan eligibility criteria - might have been effective in taming bank credit growth. The second essay contributes to the existing literature on early warning indicators as well as to the discussion on the appropriateness of credit-to-GDP gap as a leading variable for any country for activation of the countercyclical capital buffer instrument in Basel III. We exploit long-run credit series for 36 emerging markets and evaluate their quality to signal a crisis by using receiver operating characteristics...
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Impact of the financial crises in the period 1992-2014 on the Russian banking sector
Zhuravlov, Valerii ; Dvořák, Michal (advisor) ; Šíma, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis gives detailed analysis of six bank crises in Russia in 1992-2014. The main objective was to examine their influence on the banking system and consequently on the economy of Russia. The first part covers the theoretical background of banking crises. Attention is paid to both macroeconomic and institutional factors. The second part describes and evaluates individual crisis episodes, analyzes their causes and evaluates their impact on the Russian banking sector. Emphasis is placed on the comparison between the crises in 1998 and 2008 and different policies of Russia and the USA to restore the stability of the banking sector in the context of Global Financial Crisis after 2008. The aim of the thesis is (i) to determine the impact of individual crises on the Russian banking system, economy and what has contributed to it. Consequently (ii) the second objective was to make recommendations on how to overcome these crises or at least reduce their severity.
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Financial and banking crisis
Lysoňková, Jana ; Revenda, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Šíma, Ondřej (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of financial and banking crisis which is shown in relation to a specific case. It is divided into three chapters. The first part discusses general concepts such as currency, banking, debt and systemic crises. The second chapter offers a specific view of the current banking crisis in Italy, its brief historical and geographical development. It deals mainly with the non-performing loans of commercial banks and the slowing economic development. For this purpose, the thesis attempts to describe the Italian banking system, to explain the structure of banks and their main economic indicators. In the last part, a particular Italian bank, Monte dei Paschi di Siena, is presented. The foundation, growth and its influence on the earth are discussed. The attempt is to demonstrate the reasons for its bankruptcy.
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Indicators of currency and banking crisis
Kašpar, Jan ; Revenda, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Šíma, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on indicators of currency and banking crises and examines their reliability. The analysis is performed on real economic events - the monetary crisis analysiswill be related to the crisis in Russia in 1998 and in the banking crisis we will examine events in Ireland in 2008-2010. In case of both crises we will try to make a strict definition because the economic literature nor any law regulation do not offer any, whereas for time series analysis is the determination of the outbreak and the end of the crisis crucial. We also look at the change in the understanding of the financial crisis, from the concept of monetary, banking and debt crises typical for the end of the last century and gradually transitioning to a comprehensive approach to the financial crisis as a systemic crisis that represents the current direction of economic thought. The main objective is to analyze the reliability of currency crisis and banking crises indicators on the example of selected economic events. We will try to follow the development of indicators within a few years and look for the development trend, predicting the impending problems. There are also described some methodological problems concerning the research of indicators of financial crises. In the end we will have a comparison of both countries and emphasize what they have in common and what is different.
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Inter-sector credit exposure: Contingent claims analysis in the Czech Republic
Brechler, Josef ; Hlaváček, Michal (advisor) ; Janda, Karel (referee)
Linkages between economic agents in form of financial assets might contribute to transmission of shocks between different parts of the economy. Aim of this thesis is to enrich the ongoing discussion about the spread of contagion through the economy. We provide an analysis of financial interlinkages in the Czech economy and using the contingent claims analysis (CCA) model we attempt to quantify risks in the system that that are implied by the existence of these linkages. We use different techniques within the framework of the model to obtain various indicators that can be used to assess stability of the system. Using simulations we find that size of losses due to riskiness of debt depends strongly on the origin of a shock and it is higher for shocks originating in the household sector than for shocks originating in the sector of the non-financial corporations. We also find that size of a decrease in capital of the banking sector needed to cause a distress in the system as relatively high and stable in time. JEL Classification E01, E44, G01, G12, G20 Keywords Balance sheet contagion, financial accounts, network models, contingent claims analysis, systemic risk Author's e-mail josef.brechler@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail michal.hlavacek@cnb.cz
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Resolving banking crises
Juhász, Michal ; Seknička, Pavel (advisor) ; Bažantová, Ilona (referee)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the banking crisis and aims to account for different approaches to the understanding of the nature of banking crisis. The Thesis further aims to provide answers why the banking crisis are caused and why so far there are no measures that would effectivelly prevent such crisis. At first, the Thesis states the definition of banking with the emphasis on banks as the institutional backbone of the current functioning of the financial system. The Thesis pays specific attention to the characteristics of two basic legal banking instruments, particulary loans and deposits. While acknowledging the loan expansion, the thesis argues the role of regulatory authorities and the limits of their competences in regards to the prevention of crisis. Followingly, the Thesis offers a view on a banking crisis phenomenon with appropriate historical overview outlining the banking crisis in Czechoslovakia in years 1918 to 1939 and after 1989, the loan expension influence on the business cycles and approaches to banking crisis solving in respect to stabilization of the banking system and restructuring of banks. At last but not least, the Thesis sums up the global financial crisis that started as a banking crisis, respectively as a crisis of one segment of the banking market in the United States...
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The development of banking system in Ukraine during the crisis of 2014-2015
Andrianova, Anna ; Dvořák, Petr (advisor) ; Galuška, Jiří (referee)
In my thesis I analyse the development of the banking system of Ukraine and the assessment of the concentration level of the banking system in conditions of crisis 2014-2015. The theoretical part is devoted to classification and causes of the banking crisis; also, it describes the historical aspects of crisis formation in Ukraine. The practical part is focused on the evaluation of the financial security level and macroeconomic situation in Ukraine. This part emphasises problems and the specifics of functioning of domestic banks. In addition, it considers the concentration level of the banking market. The analysis performed shows that the banking crisis is the result of accumulated macroeconomic imbalances of the past and present mistakes in the implementation of anti-crisis policy. Currently the efficient functioning of most domestic banks remains at insufficient level.
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Co způsobilo vzestupy a pády úrokových měr státních dluhopisů během evropské dluhové krize?
Václavíček, Tomáš ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kovář, Kamil (referee)
This study examines the determinants of government bond spreads vis-a-vis Germany for eleven EMU member countries in the period 2000Q1 to 2013Q3 with a special focus on the European Debt Crisis. The aim of the thesis is to test whether selected financial, fiscal and macroeconomic variables have an impact on government bond spreads. A novel contribution is testing whether there has been a significant change of government bond spread determinants following the ECB interventions in summer 2012. Variables reflecting the sustainability of public finance, liquidity of government bonds, risk aversion and competitiveness of a particular country were found to be significant determinants of government bond spreads, unlike banking sector indicators. Government bond spreads thus increase in response to rising debts and deficits and the loss of international competitiveness. No significant change in the composition of government bond yield determinants as a whole was found for the period after the ECB interventions, despite changes in several variables. Results of the thesis suggest that it is important to follow a sound fiscal policy and to prevent a deterioration of a country's international competitiveness in order to keep government bond spread of a particular country low.
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