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Coping mechanisms of clients in young offenders institutions
Bočková, Natálie ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Juríková, Laura (referee)
This thesis focuses on coping mechanisms of clients of young offenders' institutions or detention centres for adolescents aged 15 - 18 in Czech Republic, locally known as výchovné ústavy. In its theoretical part we first go through a swift overview of a few main coping theories, but mainly we focus on connections between coping and selected personality traits and situational factors that are crucial for the clients, such as adolescent age, mental health, socioeconomical and family background and coping in context of the detention facility. Also, we explain the system of minor correction facilities in Czech Republic. The design of the research proposal is mixed. Firstly, we propose to use coping strategies questionnaire SVF 78 to examine the differences between population of the clients and standards for general Czech population and also between the groups of girls and boys among the clients. Secondly, we formulate questions for qualitative half structured interviews that focus on the coping mechanisms of the clients in a situational context and connecting the coping with a particular stressors that the clients themselves perceive as main in their lives.
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Resilience in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder
Šlajsová, Eliška ; Šporclová, Veronika (advisor) ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the issue of stress and coping in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders. The theoretical part presents current knowledge about stress and stress management, the concept of self-compassion is presented here including basic information about compassion-based interventions. The research evidence of this issue among parents of children with autism is described in more detail. The empirical part of the work consists of quantitative and qualitative parts. In the quantitative part we deal with the question to what extent parents experience stress, psychological well- being, social support and whether their level of self-compassion is related to their stress and psychological well-being. The research sample includes 33 parents caring for children with autism. The methods used are the Stress Profile and the Sussex-Oford Compassion Scale (SOCS-S-CZ). The one-sample t-tests showed that parents of children with autism in our sample experience higher level of stress, lower level of psychological well-being, lower level of social support, and lower level of positive health habits compared to the norm. Pearson Correlation Coefficient showed that the stress level significantly negatively correlated with level of self-compassion, and the level of psychological well-being...
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Drawing as a criterion of school readiness
Mládková, Šárka ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to drawing as one of tasks of Jirasek's orientation test of school readiness. It is based on a research, which was executed in pre-school with children ready to enter first level of elementary school. I'm trying to expand Jirasek's view on school- ready children's drawing. In this research, kids were asked to draw a man. After the drawing I executed an interview with each kid focused on a term "man". I analyzed drawings and interviews. Such research helped me to clarify and expand view of rating drawings of preschool kids. It was helpful specially in regard to rating synthetic way of drawing and considering all elements of drawing not only the figure itself. Also I researched a relationship between speech and drawing in general and in regard to a common element of a term "man". I compared the results of rating both mediums and found there is a certain correlation. I found, that verbal expression of a kid can very well correspond with his drawing expression. It can also work as a certain additional factor when a kid cannot express his real level in drawing. It was proven, that drawing itself should not be considered as a sufficient tool for measuring of school readiness. It should be accompanied by the interview with the child. Key words Drawing; figure; man; school...
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Children in an oppressive family situation and their experience with art therapy
Gruberová, Hana ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (referee)
This baccalaureate thesis deals with analysis of the experiences children in difficult life situations gained from art therapy. The first aim of this thesis is to describe the kind of experience (positive or negative) a child gets through the means of group art therapy in an institution called Fond ohrožených dětí (FOD) Klokánek. The second aim of this thesis is to find out how the children perceive art therapy and what new things it will bring them. Another aim of this thesis is a detailed analysis of the things children get from both changing and invariable components of art therapy and the way they can use them in their future lives. To elaborate this topic qualitative research was chosen. The following methods were used: participant observation, unstructured interview, and content analysis of the notes from observations and also of the personal data of the children (artifacts). Twelve children from Klokánek were use as the target sample. The introductory part of the thesis is devoted to the history of the research. Thus FOD Klokánek is introduced together with the services it offers, its position in the Czech Republic and its establishment by the Family Laws, its advantages compared to institutional education, daily routine, holidays and service information, the most common reasons for the...
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Analysis of the causes of school suspension in the regional investigation context
Vojtušová, Radmila ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to identify the most common causes of school suspension within a regional survey in comparison with the views of parents, elementary and kindergarten teachers. In connection with this theme the author dealt with pre-school child characteristics focusing on school maturity diagnosis and school suspension problematics. The main reasearch was realised i Pedagogical-psychological advice centre in Kladno in 3 selected years ranging from 1999 to 2010. The method of analysis has been used to collect the data. A survey in a form of an anonymous questionnaire clearified opinions of selected respondents. On the basis of this observation a casuistry of a school suspended child with specific needs has been made. This casuistry demonstrates further development of a child after starting it's school attendence. Submitted results of the thesis confirmed the opinions of experts in this field as well as conclusions of researches focusing on school suspension issues. It has been found out, that the most common causes of school suspension in the examined lokality are the issues of speech, visual and hearing perception, graphmotorics and school work maturity. This finding was identical with the views of respondents of the survey. The respondents marked psychological area of school...
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Difficulties in drawing development in preschool age
Vyšínová, Pavlína ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vágnerová, Marie (referee) ; Slavík, Jan (referee)
Title: Difficulties in drawing development in preschool age Author: Pavlína Vyšínová Department: Department of Psychology Supervizor: PhDr. Miroslav Klusák, CSc. Abstract The submitted dissertation is focused on the observation of difficulties in the drawing development of preschool children. Drawing is a typical means of expression of a child, it is often considered as a spontaneous and natural activity. Nevertheless in the population of preschool children we may find some kids who do not draw at all, or they start to draw at a much later stage than it is common amongst the ordinary population, or they may also react negatively to drawing. Within this work a phenomenon in which the child's drawing distinctively does not correspond to his cognitive abilities due to the risk of a specific disability of drawing adoption (dyspinxia) or due to another crisis of imaging in the preschool age. The focus of the research lies in the processing of quantitative methods (intellectual abilities test, drawing tests), however additional information is also derived from the qualitative methods (anamnesis, interview, observation, essay). In the methodology a new evaluation system for the scoring of children's drawings regardless of the depicted theme is introduced. A part of the work also suggests an intervention for the...
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Analysis of the causes of school suspension in the regional investigation context
Vojtušová, Radmila ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Vyšínová, Pavlína (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to identify the most common causes of school suspension within a regional survey in comparison with the views of parents, elementary and kindergarten teachers. In connection with this theme the author dealt with pre-school child characteristics focusing on school maturity diagnosis and school suspension problematics. The main reasearch was realised i Pedagogical-psychological advice centre in Kladno in 3 selected years ranging from 1999 to 2010. The method of analysis has been used to collect the data. A survey in a form of an anonymous questionnaire clearified opinions of selected respondents. On the basis of this observation a casuistry of a school suspended child with specific needs has been made. This casuistry demonstrates further development of a child after starting it's school attendence. Submitted results of the thesis confirmed the opinions of experts in this field as well as conclusions of researches focusing on school suspension issues. It has been found out, that the most common causes of school suspension in the examined lokality are the issues of speech, visual and hearing perception, graphmotorics and school work maturity. This finding was identical with the views of respondents of the survey. The respondents marked psychological area of school...
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