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Psychological aspects of interviewing in criminal prosecution
Kostelníková, Zuzana ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Gillernová, Ilona (referee)
1 Abstract The present work deals with interviews with the child witnesses and its results in the form of testimony. Mapping the developmental specifics of children relevant in the course of interrogation. We also offer an overview of specific procedures which take account of claims arising from working with this group of witnesses. The main emphasis is put on the method of cognitive interview created by Geiselman and Fisher (1992) and its possible use in children. The practical part is flush pays overview suitability of specific methods - cognitive interview for the purpose of the interview with preschoolers. The second level maps the development specific manifestations of children during the interview follows. By analyzing 20 interviews to identify specifics manifest both in the cognitive area, as well as in social skills and capture their concrete form. The subsequent step were testimonies by children assessed in terms of the methods used. On a given sample but it turned out qualitative and quantitative differences in content of the statement in the respective phases. Using as ideal for obtaining accurate and detailed testimony shows Open-ended narration of phase combination and Phase probing memory codes. Keywords: child witness, interrogation techniques, interrogation of children, cognitive interview
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Selected Characteristics of Perpetrators of Munchausen's Syndrome by Proxy
Sgallová, Rebeka ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis is about some characteristics of perpetrators of Münchausen's syndrome by proxy. The theoretical part starts by the definition of this syndrome and its victims. Further the focus is on perpetrators and their characteristics, for example psychopathology, motivation, childhood, and causes of their behavior. The following chapters are devoted to other persons involved in Münchausen's syndrome by proxy, detection of this syndrome and treatment of perpetrators. In the second part of the bachelor thesis a research proposal is presented. The aim of this research is to examine types of attachment and parenting styles in primary families of future perpetrators of Munchausen's syndrome by proxy. The proposed research is based on a qualitative methodology as a semi-structured interview. Keywords Münchausen's syndrome by proxy; Factitious disorder by proxy; Perpetrators; Attachment; Parenting styles
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Development of satisfaction in long-term romantic relationships
Kuncová, Kateřina ; Kalousová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of satisfaction development in long-term romantic relationships. In the theoretical part are defined romantic relationships and terms: satisfaction, happiness and well-being. Furthemore, satisfaction in romantic relationships is described and the changes satisfaction experiences in time. Existing research of satisfaction trajectories in romantic relationships comes to different results, which are presented in this part. In the second part of this work a potential research is proposed, which has a goal of finding the shape, or shapes, of satisfaction trajectory in romantic relationships in the Czech Republic, and tries to determine how the satisfacton of heterosexual individuals develops in long-term romantic relationships. Research proposal builds on the quantitative method using a questionnaire form with more waves of collectiong data. Keywords romantic relationships, developmental trajectories, marital satisfaction, relationship quality
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The Cognitive Interview and its Use in the Elderly Population
Lofajová, Dorota ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
The present work deals with the method cognitive interview and its use in the elderly population. The literally-review section concentrates on description of the method and its further versions. Moreover, it adresses specifics of the eyewitness testimony of the elders and the use of cognitive interview method in this population. Following theoretical section, a quasiexperimental research which deals with the use of method in the elderly population with normal and impaired cognition is proposed. Keywords Cognitive interview, elderls, eyewitness testimony, cognition
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Violence in family and its risks to the child
Chovancová, Zuzana ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis introduces the topic of children exposed to domestic violence and impacts of such violence on these children. Firstly, domestic violence, its forms and used terminology is briefly described. Then it compares the consequences of domestic violence and of CAN syndrome. The thesis then focuses on children as primary and secondary victims of domestic violence and it compares these two groups. Externalizing and internalizing behaviours as the outcomes of exposure to domestic violence are described with age and gender as moderators. The children's relationships with their parents who are the perpetrators and the issue of intergenerational transmission of violence is also described. Eventually, the thesis presents mediators which influence the severity of outcomes of exposure to domestic violence. The research part of this thesis is based on the proposal of both quantitative and qualitative research which aims to map out the outcomes of exposure to domestic violence on children in the Czech Republic. The relationship between CAN syndrome and exposure to domestic violence on these children is also explored. Keywords domestic violence, children, family, CAN syndrome
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Psychological aspects of witness testimony of children: Specifics of influencing the testimony
Vosmíková, Marie ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with psychological aspects of witness testimony of children. The aim is to clarify the psychological aspects influencing the false report of a child witness and to describe the context in which it occurs. The literary review part of the bachelor thesis deals with unintentional mistakes, which cause false report, such as limited cognitive abilities of the child, suggestibility and social influences. Furthermore, the thesis deals with deliberate lies of children in the context of witness testimony and all their aspects. The work specifies false allegations of abuse or neglect of children in the context of parental disputes. In these cases, the children might be instructed by the parents to false report but might also unintentionally make mistakes in their statements. This issue is relevant because of its increasing incidence and also because it can seriously disrupt family relationships and mental health of the children. The second part of the thesis deals with the proposal of a qualitative research project, which aims to discover whether children in the Czech Republic are led to incorrect witness testimonies, in what aspects false reports can be identified in the child's testimony, and how detection of false reports differs in terms of the child's age. The aim is also to...
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Risky behavior in youth detention center with focus on managing aggressive behavior.
Dohnal, Kryštof ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to introduce selected risk behavior of clients from a youth detention center with focus on managing an aggressive behavior. The thesis is divided into two parts, the first part summarizes selected risk behavior related to clients of school facilities for institutional and protective education. These include substance abuse, criminal behavior, bullying and, last but not least, aggressive behavior with possibilities of managing strategies, which is in a separate chapter. The second part is devoted to the design of a research project that is focused on managing aggressive behavior of clients of the Youth Detention Center in Hostinné.
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Cognitive interview
Gábrišová, Julie ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
The present work deals with the method of cognitive interview and its use in interrogation practise. First of all, the literary rewiew section introduces witness testimony, information processing and memory processes. Then the work focuses on the method of cognitive interview, on the individual phases, techniques and limits of the method. The next chapters will focus on the use of this method in selected groups of the people and in police practice. The empirical part provides a proposal of experimental research, which deals with the effectiveness of the cognitive interview in comparison with common interrogation methods in the Czech Republic. Keywords The cognitive interview, interrogation method, eyewitness testimony
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Possibilities of therapeutic and counseling work with women as victims of domestic violence
Tláskalová, Michaela ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the characteristics of domestic violence and maps out individual therapeutic and counseling approaches for female victims of domestic violence. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on psychological aspects of domestic violence - on its definition, signs, impact, and most importantly its main types. It also describes the domestic violence cycle and various models for female reactions to it. Furthermore, it outlines the principles of communication with victims of domestic violence as well as the process of breaking away from violent relationships. Selected therapeutic and counseling methods of dealing with victims of domestic violence are presented, e.g. crisis intervention, couples' therapy, counseling, cognitive-behavioral based therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy, and self-help support groups. Czech institutions that help victims of domestic violence are also mentioned. In relation to that, a research project is proposed. Its aim is to reduce negative symptoms related to the experiences of domestic violence victims. Reduction of such symptoms would be the result of a specific psychotherapeutic program. Keywords domestic violence, victim, violent partner, therapy, counseling
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The Possibilities of Therapeutic and Counseling Services for a Child as a Victim of Domestic Violence
Láchová, Markéta ; Čáp, David (advisor) ; Kostelníková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to introduce the issue of domestic violence against children and specific forms of therapy, whose effectiveness in terms of self-evaluation of the child is compared in the research proposal. The literary-review section is divided into two parts, the first of which deals with the definition of domestic violence. Through child trauma and CAN syndrome, it reaches to the forms and effects of domestic violence on the child. The second part deals with specific forms of child therapy and also deals with general principles and issues of confidentiality in working with children. There are also some specific approaches that are used abroad. The research design uses a repeat measurement design, ie pre-test and post-test. The child is tested by the PAQ self-esteem scale, which is part of Rohner's family diagnostics battery. He is then given an intervention in the form of one of three selected types of therapy, namely play therapy, storytelling therapy, or sand therapy. After the therapy, the child is again measured by the PAQ scale. The differences in self-esteem before and after therapy are compared within the individual forms of therapy and secondly with the population average in children who are not victims of domestic violence. The results can be used to streamline the...
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