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Neonatal cheiloplasty as the first surgery in patients with orofacial clefts, its benefits and possible risks
Kordačová, Karolína ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Eva (referee)
Neonatal cheiloplasty is the first plastic surgery performed in patients with orofacial clefts, usually carried out at the age of 1 to 8 days. A modified protocol for standard cheiloplasty, performed at the age of 3 to 6 months, is used. Neonatal cheiloplasty is currently a predominant method for lip surgery in cleft lip patients in the Czech Republic. Advantages of this method are better scar healing associated with better aesthetic results, reduced psychological and sociological pressure on the family and the infant, better quality of feeding and breastfeeding, and possibly reduced need of secondary repair. There is no documented direct negative consequence of the early timing. Nevertheless, possible risks can be associated with general anaesthesia at such low age, as it could have a negative effect on future IQ of the patient, and a possibility of reduced growth and development of jaws and impaired facial aesthetic outcomes. Further, compared to classical cheiloplasty, early surgery is more expensive and demands higher skills and experiences of the surgeon and the whole team performing the procedure. Main goals of this work were to evaluate the benefits and possible risks of neonatal cheiloplasty as the first surgery performed in patients with orofacial clefts using available studies on this...
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The possibilities of physical therapy in patients with Pierre Robin sequence
Sedinová, Monika ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Eva (referee)
Orofacial clefts are among the most common craniofacial deformities and could be associated with serious anomalies. The rare condition - Pierre Robin sequence is classified into these deformities, due to presence of isolated cleft palate. Pierre Robin sequence is defined as a triad of symptoms: micrognathia, glossoptosis and airway obstruction. These symptoms were described in 1923 by French stomatologist Pierre Robin. In 70s the original name" Pierre Robin syndrome" was changed in "Pierre Robin sequence" because of the sequence of defects development. Today, many authors use modified definition of the sequence. They add the "U" or "V" shaped cleft palate and feeding disorders to original triad of symptoms. Pierre Robin sequence is usually classified into 3 groups: isolated form, syndromatic form and form additional to other malformations without knowing syndrome diagnosis. The treatment therapy in patients with Pierre Robin sequence is divided into conservative or invasive approach. Choosing the approach needs cooperation of many specialists, who should be part of multidisciplinary team. Although it is not usual or frequent, the physical therapist should be involved. The Physical therapist should be able to contribute to more complex approach and to provide more superior care to patients with Pierre Robin...
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Neonatal cheiloplasty as the first surgery in patients with orofacial clefts, its benefits and possible risks
Kordačová, Karolína ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Eva (referee)
Neonatal cheiloplasty is the first plastic surgery performed in patients with orofacial clefts, usually carried out at the age of 1 to 8 days. A modified protocol for standard cheiloplasty, performed at the age of 3 to 6 months, is used. Neonatal cheiloplasty is currently a predominant method for lip surgery in cleft lip patients in the Czech Republic. Advantages of this method are better scar healing associated with better aesthetic results, reduced psychological and sociological pressure on the family and the infant, better quality of feeding and breastfeeding, and possibly reduced need of secondary repair. There is no documented direct negative consequence of the early timing. Nevertheless, possible risks can be associated with general anaesthesia at such low age, as it could have a negative effect on future IQ of the patient, and a possibility of reduced growth and development of jaws and impaired facial aesthetic outcomes. Further, compared to classical cheiloplasty, early surgery is more expensive and demands higher skills and experiences of the surgeon and the whole team performing the procedure. Main goals of this work were to evaluate the benefits and possible risks of neonatal cheiloplasty as the first surgery performed in patients with orofacial clefts using available studies on this...
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Asymmetry of the human face
Korbelová, Tereza ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Eva (referee)
Facial asymmetry affects human life, especially in relationships with other people. Individuals with pathological asymmetries may have difficulty with integration into the collective, whether in childhood at school or later in adulthood at work. Presence and size of asymmetry reflects the potential quality of an individual's genes. Scientific research focused on measurement and evaluation of facial asymmetry provides valuable knowledge for various branches of medicine mainly for plastic surgery and orthodoncy, but also for forensic science, where it is used for personal identification. Asymmetries develop in the prenatal period and then they envolve and grow by the influence of external and internal factors during lifetime.
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Hominin evolutionary development to the Plio-Pleistocene boundary in relation to body height
Garciová, Rosana ; Sládek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Eva (referee)
Body height is the main characteristic of human. It can be variable to the relation to the environment. Development of the height is primarily determined genetically, but an environment has a partly influence. An evolutionary view is very important, especially in the identification of fossils at the Plio-Pleistocene boundary and the overal view on individual development to 2.5 million years ago and characteristics of our ancestor. This bachelor thesis summarized the methods how to estimate the most accurate body height of fossil Homo and compares individuals between them. It also focuses on the geographic area of genus Homo not only on the period and if there is a correlation with increase or decrease in the height of an individual. The main finding of this work is diversity within species Homo. Homo habilis had reached the height of range 120-155 cm. In contrast, Homo ergaster measured up to about 170 cm. While Australopithecines were lower growth. Australopithecus were tall on average around 114 cm and Paranthropus exceeded them at range 10 cm. Slight differences in body height can be seen in the context of sexual dimorphism. The climate in Plio-Pleistocene had no influence on the change in height. Rather, the geographic area of occurrence of our ancestor played a role here. Key words:...
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The possibilities of physical therapy in patients with Pierre Robin sequence
Sedinová, Monika ; Smolíková, Libuše (advisor) ; Hoffmannová, Eva (referee)
Orofacial clefts are among the most common craniofacial deformities and could be associated with serious anomalies. The rare condition - Pierre Robin sequence is classified into these deformities, due to presence of isolated cleft palate. Pierre Robin sequence is defined as a triad of symptoms: micrognathia, glossoptosis and airway obstruction. These symptoms were described in 1923 by French stomatologist Pierre Robin. In 70s the original name" Pierre Robin syndrome" was changed in "Pierre Robin sequence" because of the sequence of defects development. Today, many authors use modified definition of the sequence. They add the "U" or "V" shaped cleft palate and feeding disorders to original triad of symptoms. Pierre Robin sequence is usually classified into 3 groups: isolated form, syndromatic form and form additional to other malformations without knowing syndrome diagnosis. The treatment therapy in patients with Pierre Robin sequence is divided into conservative or invasive approach. Choosing the approach needs cooperation of many specialists, who should be part of multidisciplinary team. Although it is not usual or frequent, the physical therapist should be involved. The Physical therapist should be able to contribute to more complex approach and to provide more superior care to patients with Pierre Robin...
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Development of maxilla in patients with orofacial clefts after the primary cheiloplasty.
Hoffmannová, Eva ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Stránská, Petra (referee)
The present study is concerned with development of maxilla, or moreprecisely palate,in course of first year of life in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), before and after cheiloplasty. The metodology has it's center in processing of dental plaster casts of UCLP patients via classical and geometric morphometry. All the patients have been operated following same protocol in the neonatal period. The operation was conducted by the same surgeon Jiří Borský, M.D. in the teaching hospital Motol in Prague. In the trackedThe results suggest that the variability of shape was larger in cUCLP patients than in UCLP+M patients. Statistically significant differences in the palate shape were observed in both age categories within both defect categories. The variability of form (size and shape) was followed within each defect category and statistically significant differences between both age category was proven. In the light of average changes intha palate morphology, we tracked both anterior and posterior growth of both segments with increasing age in both defect categories. More distinctive aproximation of both segments, due to the pressure after the cheiloplasty and growth of both segments, was observed in cUCLP patients. Essencial influence of increasing gravity of the defect on changes...
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