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Vliv hospodářských zásahů na změnu v biologické rozmanitosti ve zvláště chráněných územích: Zhodnocení vlivu hospodářských zásahů na diverzitu půdních biot ve vybraných zvláště chráněných územích
Ústav půdní biologie AV ČR, České Budějovice ; Tajovský, Karel ; Starý, Josef ; Nováková, Alena ; Lukešová, Alena ; Háněl, Ladislav ; Balík, Vladimír ; Pižl, Václav
Cílem dílčího projektu, jehož řešení je rozvrženo do čtyř let (2000-2003), je shromáždění základních poznatků o diverzitě modelových skupin půdních organismů na lokalitách Trojmezná a Smrčina, NPR Boubín a NPR Žákova hora, a vyhodnocení vlivu hospodářských zásahů na půdní biotu v těchto územích. Syntéza získaných poznatků slouží k navržení vhodného managementu porostů vedoucímu k zachování a ochraně biodiverzity. Tato zpráva je shrnutím výsledků v roce 2000 a 2001. Materiál a data z podzimních odběrů v roce 2001 jsou v případě některých skupin půdních biot ve fázi zpracování či následných analýz a nemohly být vzhledem k termínu odevzdání do této zprávy zahrnuty.
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Vývoj půdní fauny na loukách obnovených na orné půdě: Iniciální fáze sukcesního vývoje
Tajovský, Karel ; Pižl, Václav ; Starý, Josef ; Balík, Vladimír ; Frouz, Jan ; Schlaghamerský, J. ; Háněl, Ladislav ; Rusek, Josef ; Kalčík, Jiří
The development of soil fauna assemblages (testate amoebae, nematodes, enchytraeids, earthworms, terrestrial isopods, millipedes, centipedes, collembolans, dipteran larvae) has been investigated in a -field experiment since autumn 1999. Four types of treatment were studied in plots previously managed as arable land: 1) sowing with a native seed mixture, 2) sowing of a 5 m wide central strip with native and the lateral strips with commercial seed mixture, 3) sowing of a 5 m wide central strip with native seed mixture, leaving the lateral strips to spontaneous succession, and 4) leaving to spontaneous succession (abandoned field). The observed increase of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the individual soil animal groups corresponded to the initial phase of successional development. Eurytopic and euryvalent representatives as well as epigeic species of soil micro-, meso- and macrofauna prevailed in the studied treatments during the first years of observation.
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Studies on Soil Fauna in Central Europe, Proceedings of the 6th Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology
Tajovský, Karel ; Balík, Vladimír ; Pižl, Václav
The 6th Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology was held in České Budějovice, Czech Republic, in April 23-25, 2001. At the workshop, attended by 58 participants from Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, Russia and Slovakia, 49 presentations were made dealing with the results of soil zoological research carried out in Central Europe and also in Russia and Nigeria. Additionally, diverse topics of soil zoology, ecology and faunistic as well as possible cooperation between the zoologists have been discussed. Increasing numbers of students and young scientists were characteristic for the meeting. Thus the CEWSZ6 has continued in the tradition of previous five meetings held in České Budějovice since 1992 (1st - May 14-15, 1992; 2nd - September 30-October 1, 1993; 4th - April 23-24, 1997; 5th - April 27-30, 1999).
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Testate amoebae (Protozoa) in soils of restored flowery meadows in the Bílé Karpaty Mts. (Czech Republic)
Balík, Vladimír
Soil testate amoebae assemblages were studied in the years 1999-2000 on six differently managed plots in the Bílé Karpaty Mts., South Moravia, Czech Republic. Four experimental plots with different plant cover established on the abandoned field and one conventionally cultivated field plot were investigated at the locality Výzkum. The plot with natural flowery meadow (control plot) was studied at the locality Čertoryje. 25 testate amoebae species were found in all five plots studied on the locality Výzkum. The testate amoebae assemblages were dominated by Cyclopyxis eurystoma var. parvula in 1999 and by Plagiopyxis declivis in 2000. The main coenological parameters increased rapidly during the observed years except for the cultivated field. On the control plot at the Čertoryje locality, 26 testate amoebae species were recorded. The testate amoebae assemblage on this plot was typical for the dry meadows of the warmer areas and was dominated by the Plagiopyxis declivis, Euglypha laevis and Trinema lineare. Values of the coenological parameters studied were typical for such type of habitat. Based on the obtained results, there was evident that the testate amoebae assemblages on experimental plots at the locality Výzkum developed very rapidly and their development tend to the composition characteristic for the old flowery meadows in the Bílé Karpaty Mts. No significant differences in the parameters of the testate amoebae assemblage were established among individual differently managed experimental plots, which situation probably reflects the short period of investigation.
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Testate amoebae assemblages (Protozoa, Rhizopoda) from the National Nature Reserve Žofínský prales )Novohradské hory Mts., Czech Republic)
Balík, Vladimír
The soil and moss testate amoebae fauna of the National Nature Reserve Žofínský prales in the Novohradské hory Mts. was investigated in the years 1988 and 1997-1999. In total 197 testate amoebae species, varieties and forms were determined here. National Nature Reserve Žofínský prales belong from faunistical point of view to the richest areas in the Czech Republic. On the basis of coenological analysis of the primary data set and on the basis of application of the cluster and ordination analyses were determined here four basic testate amoebae assemblages: beech forest assemblage, acidophilous spruce forest assemblage, wet spruce forest assemblage and assemblage of moss carpets on soil, fallen trunks and big stones. In these four basic testate amoebae assemblages was studied the influence of microhabitats characterised by different plant undergrowth and different microclimatic conditions on qualitative and quantitative parameters of these testate amoebae assemblages. No significant impact of these microhabitats was determined.
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B.1. Nesyt
Bubík, M. ; Balík, Vladimír ; Kopecký, J.
Wetland near the western margin of the Nesyt Lake is the most important and one of the last salt meadows of south Moravia. Many taxa of halophyte plants and halophilous insects have there the only locality within Czech Republic. Sulphates and chlorides in soil come from Miocene sediments with primary marine salt mineralization. The area of salt meadows is State protected as National Nature Reserve "Slanisko u Nesytu". Recently in the incidentally take sample from surface of filled part of lake frequent agglutinated forminifer Haplophragmoides wilberti Andersen were found. Also some other samples taken later near the western margin of the Nesyt Lake were positive. This is the first find of modern foraminifer fauna in the territory of Czech Republic. Similar find reported Bartenstein (1939) from salt ponds from vicinity of Erfurt, Germany. He assigned his find to Haplophragmoides canariensis. His figure shows, nevertheless very similar forms.
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