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Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680) and his Influence on the Natural Philosophy in the Czech Lands
Lelková, Iva ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Hermann, Tomáš (referee) ; Janko, Jan (referee)
Resumé: The dissertation deals with various layers of influence that Athanasius Kircher and his work had on the development of natural philosophy in the Czech lands around the half of the seventeenth century. It is possible to observe one such layer of this influence in his correspondence with the Czech lands, which often had patronage seeking character but was also a source of natural philosophic knowledge, observations and interests. Besides the correspondence influence, a diachronic influence and changing evaluation of Athnasius Kircher's work in the course of time is explored in one chapter. Another chapter introduces his own autobiography, which provides evidence of Kircher's conscious effort to shape the opinion of his person and his work to be made by his contemporaries and next generation of scholars. The last layer of influence being in focus of this work regards the influence of ideas based on an analogy between the movement of sea waters and movement of fluids in human body. Kircher's ideas on geocosmos expressed in his Mundus subterraneus (1664-1665) and Iter extaticum II (1657) are compared with the work of his correspondent, physician from Wroclaw and editor of the first medicine journal, Philipp Jacob Sachs von Löwenheim's Oceanus macro-microcosmicus (1664). Sachs reflects William Harvey's...
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The concept of autonomy: conditions of modern subjectivity and historicity
Janoščík, Václav ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee)
Předkládaná práce se snaží o artikulaci pojmu autonomie v jeho komplexnosti rámci. V první části jsou tematizovány jednotlivé kontexty tohoto pojmu, ve snaze prohlédnout jeho strukturu. Následně práce sleduje jeho vlastní historii. V poslední části pak hodláme výslednou koncepci aplikovat na dvě vybraná historiografická díla. Tímto postupem se snažíme zejména důsledně proniknout do bohaté interdisciplinární literatury, formulovat a hájit původní teze týkající se struktury i genealogie tohoto pojmu a prokázat tak nejen jeho historickou relevanci, ale také konceptuální užitečnost v rámci metodologie historické vědy.
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