|
|
Sports and Nutrition
Kabrhelová, Adéla ; Jeřábek, Jan (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
The present bachelor thesis consists of two sections. The theoretical section focuses on metabolic and biochemical processes related to physical activity and digestion. Further, it considers the physiology of movement, energetic output and the consumption of main energetic substrates during exercise. The last part of the theoretical section considers intake of nutrients, the importance of hydration regime and suitable timing of nutrition intake before, during and after exercise (i.e. nutrient timing). The research section of the thesis summarized the results acquired in a survey. The survey was conducted among clients of the 'A-fitness' centre in Roudnice nad Labem. The results were generated from 77 completed questionnaires. Responses were collected from the sports centre's clients over eighteen years of age, sex was not considered. Prior to the survey, seven possible hypotheses were defined, which were expected to be confirmed or refuted by the results. The hypotheses involved aspects related to physical activities, eating and hydration regime. Assuming from the results, survey participants attempt to maintain their fitness by combining suitable eating regime and physical activities. This can be inferred from calculating the BMI, where the majority of results conformed to normal levels. The...
|
|
|
Creatine and Carnitine Use in Sport
Vodičková, Věra ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Boudová, Lea (referee)
5 Abstrakt Kreatin je z 95 % obsažen v kosterních svalech, kde je z 65 % fosforylován na kreatinfosfát. Denní potřeba 2 g je kryta příjmem z potravy a biosyntézou. Systém kreatin - kreatinfosfát slouží ve svalech pro rychlou regeneraci ATP, pro vyrovnávání pH a podílí se na růstu svalové hmoty. Základní a prokazatelně účinnou formou suplementů je kreatin monohydrát, jiné preparáty nejsou účinnější. Podávání kreatinu je bezpečné, potvrzeným nežádoucím účinkem je pouze nárůst hmotnosti a trávící obtíže. Je prokazatelně efektivní pro zvýšení výkonnosti, zejména při opakované krátkodobé intenzivní zátěži a v silových disciplínách. Nejúčinnějším postupem podávání je využívání tzv. plnící fáze, následované fází udržovací a pauzou, které se v cyklech opakují. Účinnost zvyšuje současné podání sacharidů. Nárůst výkonnosti koreluje s velikostí nárůstu obsahu kreatinu ve svalech, která závisí na velikosti jeho zásob před zahájením suplementace. Karnitin se vyskytuje ve dvou optických formách, ovšem pouze L-forma je metabolicky účinná a bezpečná. Jeho hlavní funkcí je přenos aktivovaných mastných kyselin do matrix mitochondrie, kde probíhá jejich β-oxidace. Denní potřeba karnitinu je z 25 % kryta biosyntézou, zbylých 75 % ...
|
|
|
Anorexia nervosa in sport
Rösslerová, Zuzana ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Matoulek, Martin (referee)
Bakalářská práce je rozdělena na dvě části. Teoretická část se zabývá příčinami vzniku mentální anorexie, jejími důsledky pro lidský organismus a způsoby její léčby. Taktéž pojednává o specifických nárocích sportovce na výživu, o zdravém způsobu snižování tělesné hmotnosti sportovců a v neposlední řadě také o prevenci vzniku mentální anorexie. Výzkumná část práce shrnuje výsledky získané z dotazníkového šetření, které bylo provedeno mezi sportujícími dívkami různého věku. Bylo zjištěno, že většina dívek se již v nízkém věku snaží snížit tělesnou hmotnost, přestože je jejich váha normální nebo subnormální. Větší část dívek nemá ke snižování hmotnosti dostatek informací a jedná na základě svého uvážení. Sportovní trenéři často nejsou dostatečně vzděláváni, aby mohli dívkám kvalifikovaně poradit a zabránit tak vzniku onemocnění. Poruchy příjmu potravy se tak ve světě sportu stávají stále častějším problémem. Klíčová slova. mentální anorexie, poruchy příjmu potravy, body mass index, sport, percentilové pásmo, snižování tělesné hmotnosti, zdravotní komplikace, redukční dieta, výživa.
|
|
|
Comparison of two analysers of respiratory gases by paired examination of the same persons
Moravcová, Martina ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
Title: Comparison of two analysers of respiratory gases by paired examination of the same persons. Resource: The basic assumption of laboratory measurements is precision of devices. The aim of this study was to determine if the values of spiroergometric parameters measured at the same load on the same subjects by two different devices are comparable. We compared the respiratory gas analyzer Kardiospirox (Junkalor, CR) and Oxycon Delta (Jaeger, Germany). Methods: We studied 11 subjects on both devices on the same day. The intensity and duration of load were chosen to be repeatable in the same quality after a short rest. We measured the basic spiroerometric parameters at rest, during exercise 20W, 50W, 100W and 150W for men and at rest, during exercise 20W, 40W, 80W and 120W for women, always at steady state. For statistical comparison method we used Student's paired T test. Results: Heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2.kg-1 ), ventilatory equivalent (VE/VO2), breathing frequency (DF), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) did not differ significantly. Pulmonary ventilation (VE) and expired carbon dioxide (VCO2.kg-1 ) were significantly different. The reason could be that the sensor for ventilation of Oxycon works with inhaled and exhaled air while Kardiospirox works with just exhaled air....
|
|
|
Evaluation of cardiorespiratory capacity of sportsmen and obese patients measured by spiroergometry (Oxycon)
Kieu Thi, Thanh Hai ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Nguyen, Hong Vu (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the cardiorespiratory fitness of sportsmen and obese patients through the medium of spiroergometry on cycloergometer by virtue of the analyzer of exhaled gas (Oxycon). Its advantage is that the measurement takes place "on- line", therefore it allows prompt monitoring of measured spiroergometric parameters directly on screen of computer that forms part of the analyzer. The spiroergometry is a method of determining the cardiorespiratory fitness through the medium of analyzer of exhaled gas in order to state the physical fitness. For statistical evaluation of differences in values of spiroergometric indicators between these two observed groups of patients I used the Student's unpaired T-test. The theoretical part contains an introduction into the issue of obesity, obesity epidemiology, history, aetiology and health risks of this disease, classification, diagnostics, treatment, and recommendations and advices for patients. Furthermore it contains terms as sports medicine, influence of motional activity on human organism, cardiorespiratory fitness, spiroergometry methodology, and spiroergometric parameters. The practical part contains a description of spiroergometric measuring process at the Institute of Sports Medicine at the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the...
|
|
|
The Compensational program for volleyball
Michálková, Radka ; Nováková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
3 ABSTRACT Title: The compensational program for volleyball Main purpose: Learning about volleyball, explanation of individual game activities. To inform about various possible problems and injuries by playing volleyball. Explanation why is the compensational training so important. Creating a model of compensational unit for volleyball players. Observation of muscular disbalances' changes on volleyball players and their evaluation. Methodology: Empirik resharch koncipient as kvaziexperiment. This model was created based on 10 women volleyball players examination. There was the compensational program established under the circumstances of this examination. It is composed of relaxation, stretching and boosting training of the most affected muscular groups. The program has been applied for 6 months. The spine testing became the main method of the whole examination. It is composed of statik and dynamic part and the examination focused on shortening and flagging muscular groups. Results: This thesis confirmed that there are particular muscular disbalances among women volleyball players, which could be adjusted by the compensational training. It is obvious that the compensational program influences the correct body control, shortening muscular groups stretching and flagging muscular groups strengthening. Key...
|
|
|
The impact of activity plan on knee-joints hypermobility
Pokorná, Miroslava ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Thesis title: The impact of activity pian on knee-joints hypermobiiity. Thesis aim: Assembiy of information on constitutionai hypermobiiity anď its impact on knee- joints inciuďing the scheme ofpreventative measures. Suggestion of suitabie activity pian, verification of such programme in practice. Method: The theoreticai part ďeais with the methoď of expioration useď for constitutionai hypermobiiity investigation with a view to knee-joints especially. The practicai part presents a Iongituďinai experiment together with comparison ofthe two sets being monitoreď. The impact of activity pian with both the experimentai as well as the controi set of probanďs was monitoreď. Aiso the impact of tapping methoď was observeď, this with the experimentai set ofprobanďs oniy. The activity pian took four months in totai, 20 probanďs were participating (17 women, 3 men). The programme was mostiy composeď of compensation anď baiance exercises. The impact of the programme has been evaiuateď on the basis of resuits proposeď by the investigative methoďs appiieď (hypermobiiity investigation, knee-joint extension, investigation of Q - angie anď of the Iongituďinai flatfoot, investigation of contracteď muscies and ofiegs strength quantity, baiance investigation anď pain measurement). The evaiuation of the programme was...
|
|
|
Locomotive Activity in Osteoporotic Spine Fractures
Krylová, Karolína ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Title of the thesis in English: Locomotoric activity in osteoporotic spinal fracture Aims: To summarize the available information on physical aktivitách.Dále were surveyed to assess the role of physical activity in osteoporosis. Method: A study was conducted, where in addition to self-monitoring was used and method of evaluation and measurement of X-ray images of the monitored persons. Results: The impact of selected physical activities is to stimulate and activate the musculoskeletal system. Physical activity has a very positive and the psyche of the individual. Keywords: osteoporosis, bone remodeling, physical activity, movement patterns, self-sufficiency, lifetime risk, menopause, vitamin D deficiency, conservative and surgical treatment.
|
|
| |
|
|
Compensational exercises in the prevention and therapy of the locomotive system in the area of martial art
Ludvík, Jan ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee) ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor)
This bachelor work deals with functional disorders of the locomotory system in people devoted to martial arts as well as the utilization of compensatory exercising to the possibility of prevention and therapy. Movement therapy in this case is represented exclusively by appropriate selection of compensatory exercises. Provided that it is being performed correctly and regularly, this exercises may have a great positive importance in the therapeutic process, whether healing or preventive. The compensatory exercising stems from kinesiotherapy. Kinesiotherapy holds the priority position in the treatment of disorders and diseases of the locomotory system. Its main task is the restoration of the motion function - mainly muscular, which has the most important status in the locomotory system of humans - and the elimination of defective locomotory stereotypes. An exact and objective diagnosis is the most important condition for the successful application of the kinesiotherapy. In addressing muscular imbalance, the procedure focuses on the stretch of shortened postural muscles and strengthening of weakened phasic muscles. The hypermobility requires special therapy. Relaxation exercising can relax painful stiff motion segments.
|
guest ::
