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The clerical governments in the context of a government system in the Czech Republic. Reasons for the creation, evaluation of activities, causes of popularity
Bernard, Aleš ; Novotný, Vilém (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
The presented thesis gives a comprehensive overview of the development of government systems in the Czech Republic since its inception in 1993 until the elections to the Parliament of the Czech Republic in 2010. The main attention will be paid to the reasons for an occurrence of clerical governments, to the evaluation of their activities and to the causes of their popularity among the Czech public. The basis for meeting the objectives of this thesis was the study of literature, documents and publications dedicated to the issue of Czech governments. Important sources of information were electronic resources of state institutions, such as the Government of the Czech Republic, the Parliament of the Czech Republic, the Constitutional Court, the Czech Statistical Office, etc., but also data from polls conducted by reputable companies such as STEM, Ltd. or the Center for Public Opinion Research. The main research method are the semi-structured discussions with the direct players ( former ministers of the clerical government of Josef Tošovský and also of Jan Fischer ), with the Czech political scene experts and also with the present high politicians and the candidates for a president that was elected in January 2013.
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Perspectives on illicit drug use in the Czech Republic
Nekola, Martin ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Malíková, Ludmila (referee) ; Radimecký, Josef (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut sociologických studií Užívání nelegálních drog z pohledu aktérů české drogové politiky Perspectives on Illicit Drug Use in the Czech Republic Abstrakt / Abstract Studijní program: Sociologie Studijní obor: Veřejná a sociální politika Autor: Mgr. Martin Nekola Školitel: Prof. PhDr. Martin Potůček, CSc., MSc. Abstrakt Disertační práce prezentuje výsledky empirického šetření provedeného v roce 2009, jehož cílem byla identifikace stanovisek a perspektiv aktérů české drogové politiky týkajících se užívání nelegálních drog a souvisejících problémů. Práce vychází z teorie koalic aktérů, která je aplikována na drogovou politiku v České republice. Ta je spolu se stručnou analýzou rozsahu a závažnosti problému zasazena do kontextu vývoje drogových politik ve světě a EU a jsou popsány její prvky a aktéři. Empirické šetření aktérů bylo provedeno pomocí metody Q, která ve vzorku 24 účastníků identifikovala celkem tři nezávislé faktory reprezentující tři odlišné perspektivy. Mezi účastníky dominuje perspektiva kladoucí důraz na pragmatismus a odbornost, která se od zbylých dvou odlišuje ve vnímání míry závažnosti problému a skeptičtějším pohledem na nelegální status drog a související vymáhání práva. Aktéři sdílející tuto perspektivu definují užívání drog jako...
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Contact centre as an unwelcome neighbour
Reiter, Erik ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Morávek, Jan (referee)
Thesis "Contact centre as an unwelcome neighbor"deals with a case of the Sananim's contact centre, that was obliged to agree with the relocation of their workplace from the area. Thesis is confronting the neighbor's resistance the centre is facing with the NIMBY concept, which is demonstrated by the analysis of interviews. Situation of the contact centre of Sananim o.s. is compared with the contact centre Progressive's Stage 5. Sources of the resistance are distinguished within the analysis by use of NIMBY typology. The most significant source of the resistance is identified to be the neighbor's resistance. Thesis describes the situation, which was caused by the resistance on different levels within typology and is also suggesting possible solutions to the resulting situation. In the final sections of the thesis, author recommends to improve the cooperation and communication between Sananim's contact centre and other contact centres in the area, adjacent borough and most importantly with their oponents. Author later recommends the realization of more extensive and deeper research, and offers several research questions and hypotheses for occasion of its realization.
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Framing of New Psychoactive substances in British Drug Policy Discourse
Novotná, Lucie ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Morávek, Jan (referee)
This thesis, New Psychoactive Substances in British Drug Policy Discourse addresses new psychoactive substances (NPS) in drug policy discourse in Great Britain between 2000-2014. It focuses on the identification of individual frames and aims to understand the different perspectives NPS can be framed in The theoretical framework of this thesis is based on the idea of social constructivism and Frame Theory. On this basis, the thesis identifies individual sponsors, the general characteristics of the problem, the injured party, the public policy implications and the value base. It identifies four frames which are present in the discourse. The first, called Fragmented, does not perceive NPS as a comprehensive problem, but as individually occurring substances. The second frame the Prohibitionist wishes to tackle the issue of NPS using new tools of prohibition. The third one, the Regulatory frame is strongly polarized towards the previous frame and wants to solve the NPS issue by creating a legally regulated market for psychoactive substances. The last, Wicked frame, perceives NPS as an unstructured problem, therefore it cannot be solved by one measure. This frame favors an expert debate and evidence in order to find the optimal solution. The thesis puts the issue into context and focuses on NPS...
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Political Discourse of Coalitions in the Social Housing Policy in the Czech Republic
Vrabcová, Eliška ; Novotný, Vilém (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis examine a social housing in the Czech Republic. This is very actual topic of nowadays. Until now, no legislative norm has been adopted to deal with the difficult housing distress of the population. While comparing with other European and non-European countries, Czech housing legislation is about to lose its breath. For example in terms of affordability of housing, quality of housing, housing security etc. The reason of this diploma thesis is to analyze the network connections between subsystem of social housing through public political theory Advocacy Coalition Framework The very first software tool in the Czech Republic which apply the theory in practise was tool called Discourse Network Analyzer. The core part of the research of the diploma thesis is therefore a discourse analysis, which focuses on examining the political beliefs of the subsystems and identifying the advocacy coalitions of the subsystem. Followed up with interpretations of the data obtained indicated political beliefs in historical, social and economic circumstances. The main findings of the diploma thesis include confirmation of three advocacy coalitions in the subsystem of social housing.
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Policy-making in Czech Republic: the case of higher education law novelization
Kokeš, Richard ; Novotný, Vilém (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut sociologických studií, katedra veřejné a sociální politiky Bc. Richard Kokeš Policy-making in Czech Republic: case of higher education law novelization Abstract Praha 2014 Abstract The work Policy-making in Czech Republic: the case of higher education law novelization has its main aim in explaining final form of higher education norm novelization which was created in the period Petr Fiala was a minister of education, youth and sports in government of Petr Nečas (2012 - 2013). To answer research question this work chooses constructivist approach and qualitative methodology. The basic research unit is policy network, which consisted from creators of novelization. Those actors composed working group whose activities took almost half a year. Using theoretical approach of understanding policy-making through concept of "policy work", this work explains final form of novelization through working activities which concrete actors did in monitored period. The main understandings this paper presents are substantive causes of final form of novelization like mid to long term concrete personal involvement in policy making in higher education, engagement of concrete actors for work in working group, setting of information exchange system between engaged actors and...
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Act on protection of health against harmful effects of addictive substances: Development of narative of competing frames in media discourse
Lipková, Simona ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of tobacco control legislation with the main focus on the Act on protection of health against harmful effects of addictive substances with accent on smoking regulation in restaurants. The main line of this thesis is to determine the competing rhetorical frameworks and the main actors representing the individual frameworks which they present on the level of arguments and then to compare the development of narrative over time. At this level, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the presented rhetorical frameworks with the aim of discussing possible specific attributes that facilitated the process of reframing opposition actors, namely using the rhetorical strategy of narrative attributes of storytelling, technical terms, imagery or comparison. These goals were achieved by using a qualitative analysis of media outcomes and by using public policy documents, legal standards and other relevant documents. Theoretical support for answering the set forth questions was a frame analysis, which was conceptualized on the field of public policy by Rein and Schön along with the theory of social construction of target population conceptualized by Schneider and Ingram. In this thesis, written under the auspices of the case study, four main competing frames were...
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Development of professional and public policy discourse in certain documents of antidrug policy in the Czech Republic
Chmelová, Eliška ; Mouralová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Nekola, Martin (referee)
This paper deals with a development of certain aspects of discourse between authors of technical and policy science papers pertaining to antidrug policies in time period of 1993 - 2010. The basic question of my research is: What kind of discourse has been taking place among the authors of these documents? I try to asses whether this discourse has changed over the years and how. I analyze those selected documents that were essential for establishing of antidrug policy and development this policy has undergone from the beginning until now. My paper examines progress and changes in labeling the problem itself, labeling of actual users and approach to proposed solutions. Analysis of content focuses on hidden meanings in the language used and uncovers attitudes and opinions of the authors in regard of drug problem. My study also describes the development of antidrug policy in Czech Republic during the above mentioned period and in this context describes and labels those aspects of system of values that have served as basis for key documents of antidrug policy. As a theoretical framework I have chosen a theory based on premiss that language used by authors of the documents also has impact on the situation of the actual users themselves.
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Green Card - a card wich does not attract or evaluation of simplified employment of foreigners
Solnářová, Dagmar ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Winkler, Jiří (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the evaluation of the project of green cards which is a Czech version of the programme of advantageous employment for the foreigners. Green card represents a special type of visa authorization which the citizens from selected countries outside of EU and EEA can apply for. The project was supposed to attract the foreign workers to come and work in Czech Republic in the fields with high demand of labour force, and thus to meet the needs of employers and to stabilize the situation on the labour market. It was expected that it would raise the interest of tens of thousands of foreigners. However, in reality the program is used to the minimal extent and to these days (or so to say by the end of 2012) Czech Republic issued less than four hundred green cards. Therefore, the main aim of this thesis is to define the reasons behind the low and unsatisfactory use of this programme. The thesis is based on the theory of implementation. The main theoretical basis represents: top-down institutional framework of P. Sabatier and D. Mazmanian and an instrumental approach combining multiple perspectives of various authors. Hence the design of the research can be characterised as a case study in which both qualitative and quantitative research methods are applied. Specific data...
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