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The relationship between criminal personality and the way of commission serious crimes. Profiling with the application of geographical mapping
Buriánková, Lucie ; Netík, Karel (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the relationship between offender's personality and the way of commission serious crimes. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first of them introduces the basic concepts and terminology with respect to the offender's personality. Attention is focused on personality disorders and on some sexual paraphilias that are the most important for forensics. The topics that relate to offender's behavior are discussed as well - motivation, modus operandi, offender's signature, and the crime scene. The second part deals with psychological and geographical profiling. Various attitudes and theories are discussed. Third and at the same time the closing part of the thesis focuses on practical applications of knowledge derived from psychological and geographical profiling in a geographical information system. Two real cases of serious crimes are analyzed. The evaluation of the findings, and of the discussed methods is presented in the discussion. The appendices are placed at the back of the thesis and involve map outputs of the geographical profiling and a vocabulary of important words.
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Psychological aspects of accuracy and credibility of a statement
Chroustovská, Petra ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The thesis is focused on psychological aspects of accuracy and credibility of a statement. It emphasises the fact that each statement has to be assessed from the point of view of both of these perspectives. The study summarizes information regarding factors influencing the accuracy and completeness of a statement. It deals with the factors affecting memories of criminal events and their recall and verbalization in the course of an interview. The description of appropriate techniques of an interview with a cooperative witness includes the author's professional experience. The study than covers the issue of credibility of a statement, paying attention to the knowledge of features of truthful and untruthful statements. Finally it presents and analyses verbal and nonverbal criteria of statement credibility assessment.
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The problematics of the deception detection in the forensic psychology
Mynaříková, Lenka ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Slaměník, Ivan (referee)
This diploma thesis called 'The problematics of the deception detection in the forensic psychology' deals with lying and lies from the viewpoint of its types, functions and considering the development of an individual and it describes the role of lying in our lives. Then it examines the integration of the deception detection into the forensic psychology, the description of the forensic psychology itself and it tries to specify the differences between laypersons and proffesionals in their ability to detect lies. The thesis describes the particular approaches to the detection of deception from its historical beginning to contemporary methods, such as psychophysiological and verbal tools of lie detection, observing of someone's behaviour or modern alternative methods, such as lie detection via handwriting or drawing, whose research has just started. The thesis explores also some other aspects, that can influence the deception detection, namely false memories, false confessions and the suggestive style of conducting the interrogation.
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Psychological aspects of negotiation
Mertin, Tomáš ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The theoretical part of the paper presents key topics of negotiation research - definition issues, phases of negotiation, distributive and integrative negotiation, negotiation - related variables (personal, emotional-motivational, cognitive, and interpersonal) and finally methods and approaches of studying negotiation. The empirical part of the paper consists of two related studies. The first part maps relations between variables in model negotiation. It pilots two tools - the Individualistic Orientation Inventory (IOI) and the Subjective Value Inventory (SVI - new Czech version). The second part uses 30-second segments of mute video recording from the beginning of the model negotiations in the first part of study. Naive judges then evaluate these thin slices of communication and guess the result (agreement/disagreement). The naive judges are found to predict the future results on a significant level. The effect of additional information on nonverbal communication and negotiation was proven to increase effect of the ability of intuitive judgment.
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Effective Treatment of Violent Offenders with Personality Disorder wihin the Penitentiary Custody
Jiřička, Václav ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee)
This paper addresses the question of whether individual delinquent behaviour, or criminogenic risks that lead to it, can be reduced for convicted violence offenders with personality disorder, using the newly developed offence-oriented therapeutic program TERČ ("TARGET"). If so, how will these changes manifest in the recidivism rate, and how they will reflect the personality characteristics of inmates. TARGET was first systematically applied within a special treatment unit for prisoners with mental and behavioral disorders in Liberec Remand Prison in 2008. It is based on selected elements of the Ambulant intensive program (AIP) from Switzerland. A total of 100 convicts were entered TARGET from 2008 to 2015. 65 individuals completed the program successfully, and 57 were released again. The already released graduates of TARGET re-offended within 12 months in 10.4%. Of all admitted TARGET participants, a total of 30.2% either relapsed or failed during the program since 2009. Graduates showed positive, statistically significant changes in the monitored areas of life satisfaction, emotional stability, insight, self-control and aggression, while on scales representing personality disorder no positive, statistically significant effect was observed. For later re-offending prisoners, the changes were...
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The psychosocial characteristics of children who committed a violent crime
Schwabová, Michaela ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with psychosocial characteristics of children under 15 who are engaged in violent criminal activity, in the present case particularly in robbery, but also in assault and battery or extortion. Violent criminal activity is considered to be any activity sanctioned by criminal law providing it is necessary to resort to or threaten violence in order to commit it. The reason why the author of this thesis focused on children under 15 is due to the fact that the combination of a pubescent individual and a violent criminal activity is highly alarming and raises concern about future development of such a person. Resorting to such intense violence at such a young age can indicate especially a serious disturbance in personality development and its socialization, i.e. the process of integrating people into society and interiorizing social norms. However, it is also necessary to take into consideration a relatively big space for "manipulating" an individual and guiding his/her development in a desirable way, although there are certain limits to it. Even though an adolescent individual is in the process of development, which can be influenced through targeted intervention, it may not be possible to reverse certain facts, especially if these originate e.g. in early childhood and are of fundamental...
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Juvenile violent deliquents
Běhalová, Ivana ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The thesis summarizes present state of knowledge on motivation for violent crime from the view of variol theories of criminal delinquent act. It deals with questions of aggression. It also deals with characteristics of adolescence from the social developmental view. The research (practical) part of thesis compares juvenilie violent offenders with nonviolet delinquents of the same age category regarding their reflection of life perspective and experienced purpose of life. It shows results of a study of family environment and life style of the sentenced juveniles. It describes in problem-solving of the sentenced.
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Characteritic of the criminal career and chronic offender of a violent crime
Popelková, Alena ; Netík, Karel (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
The diploma thesis Characteristics of the criminal career and chronic offender of a violent crime is divided into two parts: theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part deals with risk factors that can lead to criminal career, psychological characteristics of chronic offenders and offenders of violent crime. Finally, theoretical part mentioned the concept of criminal careers with basic elements: participation, frequency, duration, starts a criminal career, the interval between of the offenses, the remaining length and finishing of the criminal career, specialization or universality, severity and escalation, accomplice to criminal career. The theoretical part also summarizes the basic statistics on the crime of chronic offender. The empirical part is the quantitative retrospective study of the forensic expertises in the field of clinical psychology. The main task of the thesis focused on the assessment of escalation - increased severity of crimes during individual criminal career of the chronic offender of violent crime. The basic hypothesis is: The length of the first and last imprisonment sentence is not differing. In terms of qualitative description of escalation of violent crime, I examined the first and last type of aggression, the first and last degree of violence and the first and...
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