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Graphlets in Complex Networks
Trlifaj, Daniel ; Hartman, David (advisor) ; Černý, Martin (referee)
Analyzing the characteristics of complex networks is a principal task of network sci- ence. In this thesis, we study graphets, small induces subgraphs rooted in a vertex, as a tool to describe and compare networks. First, we use graph theory to explore the theo- retical properties of graphlets, propose a framework for studying them, and make novel observations. We discuss the link between graphlets and the Weisfeiler-Lehman isomor- phism test and the reconstruction conjecture. We prove that the knowledge of graphlets of size n − 1 for certain graphs is sufficient for their reconstruction. Second, we develop several graphlet-based metrics and apply them to real-world networks and their models. In line with prior literature, the results suggest that graphlets are potentially an excellent tool of characterizing networks. Counter to prior literature, the results suggest that the Albert-Barabási model produces more realistic synthetic networks than other models. 1
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Crypsis at dragonflies
Záhorová, Kristýna ; Černý, Martin (advisor) ; Hadrava, Jiří (referee)
Crypsis is one of the defens mechanisms used by animals to hide from predators. It is a form of coloring that allows prey to blend in with their surroundings or makes difficult for predators to see them due to disruptive coloration. Dragonflies utilize crypsis across different families and sometimes even within individual species in various types of environments, ranging from savannas to tropical rainforests. Crypsis also serves as a defense mechanism not only against predators, but also against members of their own species, where females avoid sexual harassment from males and young males avoid fighting with adult males. This is related to changes in coloration during ontogenetic development, as well as the sometimes pronounced sexual dimorphism that is relatively common in dragonflies. Additionally, larvae of dragonflies are often cryptically colored. This study focuses on cryptically colored dragonflies from around the world and in various types of environments. Rather unexpectedly there are not many studies focing on this phenomena at otherwise throroughly studied group of insects. Key words: dragonflies, crypsis, cryptic coloration, sexual dimorphism, dragonflies larvae
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P Wave Detection in Pathological ECG Signals
Šaclová, Lucie ; Černý, Martin (referee) ; Tkacz, Ewaryst (referee) ; Vítek, Martin (advisor)
Důležitou součástí hodnocení elektrokardiogramu (EKG) a následné detekce srdečních patologií, zejména v dlouhodobém monitorování, je detekce vln P. Výsledky detekce vln P umožňují získat ze záznamu EKG více informací o srdeční činnosti. Podle správně detekovaných pozic vln P je možné detekovat a odlišit patologie, které současné programy používané v medicínské praxi identifikovat neumožňují (např. atrioventrikulární blok 1., 2. a 3. stupně, cestující pacemaker, Wolffův-Parkinsonův-Whiteův syndrom). Tato dizertační práce představuje novou metodu detekce vln P v záznamech EKG během fyziologické a zejména patologické srdeční činnosti. Metoda je založena na fázorové transformaci, inovativních pravidlech detekce a identifikaci možných patologií zpřesňující detekci vln P. Dalším důležitým výsledkem práce je vytvoření dvou veřejně dostupných databází záznamů EKG s obsahem patologií a anotovanými vlnami P. Dizertační práce je rozdělena na teoretickou část a soubor publikací představující příspěvek autora v oblasti detekce vlny P.
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Guest house in Lipnice nad Sázavou
Černý, Martin ; Kučera, Radim (referee) ; Bantová, Sylva (advisor)
The subject of my master´s thesis is project of Guesthouse in Lipnice nad Sázavou. It consists three parts: documentation for building permission, technical equipment and facility management. The building is L-shaped and it is designed as a two-storey building with partial basement. In basement is a technical facilities, engine rooms and storage rooms. On the ground floor there is an entrance to the building with reception. There is also fitness and restaurant for guests. The first floor is part for guests, there are twelve rooms, two playrooms, common room and cleaning room. The individual floors are accessible by stairs or lift. The building is set in a slightly sloping terrain. There are three entrances, for guests, employees and separate entrance to restaurant. Another entrance is to the bike shed. The foundation structures are made of plain concrete foundation strips. The main construction system is brick and the load-bearing structures and some non-bearing structures are from fired clay blocks. Other non-bearing structures are made of plasterboard. The horizontal load-bearing floor structure consists of a reinforced concrete slab. The construction of the gable roof is made of hammered wooden trusses. The land around the building is used for guests' leisure time. It is possible to spend time on the outdoor terrace of the restaurant, playground and outdoor pool. There are also paved sidewalks and parking for guests and employees. It is also planned for the disabled. The main part of project was done using ArchiCAD software.
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Kvalita primární půdní organické hmoty v půdách porostů energetických trav
ČERNÝ, Martin
One of the main factors determining soil quality is soil organic matter. Its quality and content affect the soil properties and the surrounding environment. It is a source of many elements and nutrients important for soil organisms and plants. Therefore, from the point of view of agriculture, quality arable lands must have high soil organic mat-ter content. Methods for determining soil organic matter are still being developed and refined. This thesis uses one of the newer methods to evaluate the quality of primary soil organic matter by determining the rate constant for oxidation in soils of energy grasses Festuca arundinacea and Phleum pratense L. grown on experimental plots of the Faculty of agriculture and technology of University of South Bohemia. Samples from these soils were evaluated for primary soil organic matter and other properties, for example, quality of labile organic fractions, humus content, degree of humifica-tion etc. The results were evaluated after performing partial analyses. It was found that the quality and quantity of soil organic matter change during the season and have variances according to the monitored grass species. During the summer, the primary soil organic matter reached a higher quality. The share of primary soil organic matter in the soil during the individual months also differed, especially in March 2021 and March 2022. The newly formed matter accumulated due to minimal mineralization during the colder climate. The content of stable organic fractions is supported by agrotechnical operations such as fertilization. The highest average results of the con-tent of stable organic fractions were found in the surface layers at depth of 0-10 cm in the fertilized variant of vegetation. The average content of stable organic fractions in this depth was 1,23% for Phleum pratense L. And the average content of stable organic fractions at depth of 0-10 cm was 1,18% for Festuca arundinacea Schreb.
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Kvalifikace primární půdní organické hmoty podle rychlostní konstanty oxidace v půdách energetických rostlin
ČERNÝ, Martin
An important thing that is influencing quality of yields or biomass for agricultural pruposes and sources for biogas plants is important quality of soil organic matter. It has a major impact on individual attributes of soil organic matter and environment. Over the years have been made many methods which are still upgrading. This bachelor thesis use one of the new method for rating quality of primary soil organic matter by constant of oxidation in soils of energetic grasses Festuca Arundinacea and Phleum pratense. These grasses were grown on experimental fields of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. It has been rating attributes of soil samples from individual grasses such as humus content, degree of humification process and content total organic carbon in the soil. It was confirmed that soil ecosystem is subject to dynamic succession during the year. For this succession helps primary soil organic matter. The quality of soil organic matter depending on the type of grass and also style of how every grass is cultivated during the year. Fertilized parts achieved better results. For example in the final measurements was found to increase the quantity and quality of primary soil organic matter for both species of grasses or an increased content of soil organic carbon.
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Cooperative games with partial information
Černý, Martin ; Bok, Jan (advisor)
(english) May 21, 2021 Partially defined cooperative games are a generalisation of classical coopera- tive games in which the worth of some of the coalitions is not known. Therefore, they are one of the possible approaches to uncertainty in cooperative game the- ory. The main focus of this thesis is to collect and extend the existing results in this theory. We present results on superadditivity, convexity, positivity and 1-convexity of incomplete games. For all the aforementioned properties, a de- scription of the set of all possible extensions (complete games extending the incomplete game) is studied. Different subclasses of incomplete games are con- sidered, among others incomplete games with minimal information, incomplete games with defined upper vector or symmetric incomplete games. Some of the results also apply to fully generalised games. For superadditivity and 1-convexity, solution concepts (considering only par- tial information) are introduced and studied. Especially for 1-convexity, a thor- ough investigation of the defined solution concepts consisting of different char- acterisations is provided. 1
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Acquisition of a right in rem from an unauthorised person to a thing registered in a public register
Černý, Martin ; Zvára, Michael (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
Acquisition of a right in rem from an unauthorised person to a thing registered in a public register Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the topic of the acquisition of ownership right to a real property registered in the cadastre of immovables from an unauthorized person based on a legal conduct. This scope of research was determined within a broad assigned topic. The research task of this thesis consists of the analysis of the role and status of legal principles in the mentioned matter and relevant periods of time. The subject of the research is the legal regulation effective until 2014, under which there was no regulation of the acquisition of the ownership right to a real property from an unauthorized person in Czech legal order, as well as the time period after the great private law recodification came into effect in 2014. As a part of the great private law recodification, the new civil code came into effect introducing fully implemented principle of material publicity, thus the possibility of acquisition of ownership right to a real property from an unauthorized person was established by law. This diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. First three short chapters represent the necessary general introduction to the topic, containing the explanation of important terms, that are further used in...
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Approximative symmetries of complex networks
Straka, Matej ; Hartman, David (advisor) ; Černý, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the problem of an approximate symmetry of complex networks. First, we analyze how to measure such symmetry. Then we explore two algorithms by which we can measure levels of symmetry of networks and also find permutations representing those symmetries. First method uses a simulated annealing algorithm which is very slow if implemented naively. We exploit properties of an objective function to make this approach much faster, making it usable for large networks. In second approach we modify an existing method for inexact graph matching, making it applicable for measuring symmetry. We then provide a comparison of these two approaches. We then apply these algorithms to explore levels of symmetry produced by artificial networks, which are used to generate networks with properties possessed by real sys- tems. We explore how does our measure of an approximate symmetry correlate with other network measures, such as clustering coefficient or modularity. Finally, we measure symmetry of real brain networks and look where their symmetry comes from. 1
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