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Comparison of the Scottish National Party and Plaid Cymru in 1966-1979
Razím, Tomáš ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The Bachelor thesis "Comparison of the Scottish National Party and Plaid Cymru in 1966- 1979" is concerned with the regionalist parties of Scotland and Wales which achieved a substantial rise in popular support in the late 1960s and in the 1970s. Their electoral success led the Labour government to pass the acts which were supposed to introduce devolution to both regions but failed to achieve a sufficient support in the referenda. The thesis examines which of the two parties was more successful in enforcing its core policy and why. The first chapter classifies SNP and Plaid Cymru, determines their priorities and describes their origin and development. The second chapter analyses the electoral performance of SNP and Plaid Cymru, their ideological transformation, campaigns, electoral base and their attitude to the devolution bills and to the subsequent referenda. The last chapter determines that the SNP was the more successful party because it achieved better results in elections and the proposed Scottish Assembly was about to possess greater powers than the Welsh Assembly. This had two main reasons. First, the language division of Wales prevented Plaid Cymru from securing support throughout the whole region and made it rely on the welsh-speaking minority of the north-west. Second, Plaid Cymru's...
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The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on the Protestant Community
Ročejdlová, Markéta ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (referee)
The Abstract The work "The Impact of the Good Friday Agreement on the Protestant Community" deals with the Protestant community in Northern Ireland in the period between signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 and the St. Andrews agreement in 2007. The object of analysis is the change in perception of the Catholics, the Great Britain, Republic of Ireland and the Protestant community by itself in the relation to the implementation of the Good Friday Agreement, respectively its three principles (right to self-determination, power-sharing and parity of self esteems). The work is divided in several chapters. The work contains chapter describing the Good Friday Agreement and the profile of Protestants in 1998 and further chapters for each of the principles and their impact on the Protestant community. Thanks to more or less successful implementation of the Good Friday Agreement and the lost of the hegemonic position there was a significant shift in the identity of the Protestant community. The shift was accentuated by the intertwined religion, etno-national and political identification. After the 1998 there was a weakening of the ties with Great Britain and the British identity at the advantage of the identity Northern Irish. During the examined period the shift from the tradition division of the Northern...
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Regional Political Parties in Spain and the State of Autonomies
Dvořák, Pavel ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Despite not being a federation Spain is deeply decentralized country. The present-day system of political and territorial organization was outlined during the process of transition to democracy, which took place between 1975 and 1982. The so-called State of Autonomies was based on consensus and will to find a general agreement among the main political actors. Hence, to some extent, it has an ambivalent nature and nowadays is short of full acceptance and finality. This fact alongside the age- old heterogeneity of Spanish population results in a cleavage mirrored in the different views on desirable power and territorial configuration of the country. Today, Spain is divided into seventeen autonomous communities. These units are endowed with both executive and legislative functions and they constitute distinctive political arenas. In some of them the political competition resembles that of the national level. Nevertheless, in the majority of the communities the regional political parties have got an important, sometimes even pivotal role. Right these actors of regional politics are in the focus of this research. In its scope we defined two aims. Firstly, we want to find out what attitudes the regional political parties take towards the autonomous state and its nature, and, respectively, if and to what...
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Comparison of referendums on devolution in Wales
Špelinová, Kristýna ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Miklošová, Kateřina (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Comparison of Referendums on Devolution in Wales" deals with the process of political devolution in Great Britain, or rather in Wales with emphasis on two referendums on this question, which took place in 1979 and 1997. The main topic of this work is an establishing of a relationship between central British and regional Welsh government that culminated in the origin of National Assembly for Wales in 1998. In the first referendum Welsh people expressed a negative attitude to devolution and in the second one they changed their mind about it and voted for devolution. The main goal of this work is to explain basic facts that caused the difference between the results of referendums. This comparative work determines criteria and through the analysis of them it gains characteristics of both referendums in which people voted on founding of the National Assembly for Wales. In its major part, the work deals with the comparison of referendums on the basis of their descriptions. The attention is put also on the development of political situation in Wales, which preceded declaration of the first referendum. The political conditions in the time between referendums are described too. In the conclusion of the work, the influence of political circumstances on the change in attitudes of Welsh...
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The Impact of Theory of Optimal Currency Areas on Discursus of Political Parties ČSSD and ODS about the Entry to the Eurozone Between the Years 2010 - 2012
Müller, Lukáš ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee)
This essay is about the theory of optimal currency areas (OCA) and its reflection in public discussion of two biggest political parties in Czech Republic - ODS and ČSSD, about Czech Republic entering the European Monetary Union (EMU). Although EMU hadn't met the criteria of OCA before the examined period, both parties entered the elections in May 2010 with more or less pro-european program despite decreasing support of eurozone in Czech public opinion. While ČSSD only limitedly mentioned the OCA in their agumentation and explained their attitude with other reasons, ODS pointed out the heterogenity of EMU, which avoided the eurozone from efective dealing with assymetric economic shocks. While ČSSD remained loyal to its pro European policy even after the election, ODS started diverting from their European agenda right after them. This process ended with their demand for referendum about the entry of Czech Republic to the Eurozone. Before the elections, Social Democrats were the ones to discuss this topic the most, but afterwards their rhetoric limited mostly to reactions to public statements and actions of ODS only.
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The situation of Muslims in England and their integration into society after the terrorist attacks in London in 2005.
Deseyve, David ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
The bachalor thesis is focused on the development of mutual relationships of the Muslims immigrants and majority society in England in the period after terroristic attacks in London in June 2005. The description of multicultural society in England and comparison of its development from the view of social-cultural coexistence with majority is an integral part of this study. An inseparable part of the analysed issue is also a level of education and other social indicators of Muslims minority position in society, which speaks volumes in mutual coexistence. Part of the described social issues is Islamic radicalism as well. In this context I describe terroristic attacks in London and consequent reaction of citizens,media and Muslims organizations. The political representation of the country had to react to the given situation as well, especially by approval of new legal norms for more effective struggle against terrorism. In the context of analysed Islamic radicalism, I focus on current state of terroristic safety threat and especially on the fact, whether this threat is so actual and socially dangerous how it is often presented in mass media.
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Ethical dimension of New Labour's foreign policy, 1997-2001: the case of international trade in arms
Burda, Ondřej ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine two main hypotheses, which are closely related to the ethical dimension that was for the first time introduced in 1997 by the then Minister of Foreign Affairs, Robin Cook. Firstly, the work seeks to explore whether New Labour fulfilled obligations relating to its ethical dimension. These commitments are determined by the Western world's generally accepted values such as freedom, tolerance, democracy and justice. They are also determined by government statements and speeches. Secondly, the work is trying to determine whether the implemented policy differed from that of the previous administration of Conservative Party. The fulfillment of these hypotheses is examined in the area of the international arms trade. The time is defined by the first term of the Labour Party government between the years 1997 and 2001. Since the work deals with a large number of primary sources its basic method is analysis.
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Reform of the House of Lords under the New Labour government 1997- 2010
Winterová, Kristýna ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rovná, Lenka (referee)
The House of Lords today is with its ongoing presence of hereditary peers largely seen as undemocratic and illegitimate. In 1997 the New Labour government introduced a manifesto plan to end the hereditary principle and to carry out a democratic reform of the House. This paper seeks to examine the changes to the second chamber under the New Labour government between 1997 and 2010. It is particularly interested in the more substantial changes to the formal institutional structure, such as composition, membership and the powers of the House. It seeks to provide a contextualised understanding of the nature of the House of Lords and the recent changes to it. Through an analysis of official documents and adopted measures between 1997 and 2010, this paper examines whether the real developments of the second chamber met the official plans of New Labour as stated in their manifestos (1997, 2001, 2005). It then examines the reforms and their institutional impacts more in detail. The paper concludes that the government failed to introduce the majority of its commitments. However, it is argued that there were other significant developments that increased the influence of the second chamber on the political process and brought it closer to the standards of modern democratic second chambers.
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Debate about the introduction of a Bill of Rights in the United Kingdom
Kimelová, Anna ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Debate about the introduction of a Bill of Rights in the United Kingdom" deals with a debate which has been taking place in the United Kingdom since 2007 and which mainly considers the possibility of introducing an original British Bill of Rights. The thesis presents the most important moments of the debate and opinions of its most significant participants. These are politicians, scholars in the fields of constitutional law and human rights as well as non-governmental organisations, think-tanks and pressure groups. The thesis analyses their arguments and opinions and examines which of these arguments are the most often mentioned and are the most influential. In general, the debate deals most with the questions whether a Bill of Rights should be introduced, what it should include and how it should be entrenched. The character and the content of the debate are significantly affected by the discussion of the current protection of rights in the country. This has been since 1998 represented by the Human Rights Act which incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into the constitutional system. Its critique stood at the beginning of the debate about a Bill of Rights and the thesis argues that it belongs among the most important arguments for the introduction of a new Bill of...
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Belgian Federalism in the Light of the Requirements of the Flemish Movement
Hendrych, Radek ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kubát, Michal (referee)
The present work deals with an analysis of a political and constitutional organization of the federal Kingdom of Belgium from the Flemish point of view. Firstly, this text focuses on developments, trends and selected determinants of the historical position of the Flemish community in the framework of the Belgian state. It is mainly devoted to capture and identify several relevant requirements of the Flemish movement which have risen of the language and cultural context of the Belgian reality. Gradually, their economical and political plane has been found. Furthermore, the work looks closer to the dynamic process of the institutional transformation of the original unitary political system resulting in the federal arrangement. The attention is paid to the decentralization (devolutionary) constitutional reforms starting in the seventies of the twentieth century which were definitely completed by the federalization of the country in 1993 and subsequent revisions. The text also analyzes the character of the institutional environment and the various positions of (language) groups within it. Finally, this contribution introduces two areas of specific problems which are viewed negatively from the Flemish point of view and for this reason Flemings loudly ask for reviews, i. e. the question of the capital...
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