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Museums and Agriculture in Cold War Europe: The establishment of the Association Internationale de Musées d'Agriculture
Rocha Joaquim, João Pedro ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Olšáková, Doubravka (referee) ; Klement, Judit (referee)
Keywords: AIMA, museum history, agricultural history, International NGO history, Cold War This research focuses on the emergence and development of agricultural museum practice and theory in 20th -century Europe, with special attention to the establishment of knowledge networks between different transnational actors; contributing to the identification of theoretical change and methodological trends in the development of this museological field. The Skansen Open-Air Museum in Stockholm, a folklore museum, and the Hungarian Agricultural Museum in Budapest, a national museum with a markedly technical character, both founded in the 1890s, were the two pioneer institutions of this kind, acting as role-models for later initiatives around Europe and beyond. This bipolar ancestry reflects the variety of approaches possible, still today, in the realm of agricultural museology: one can find agriculture-related museums focused on technical matters, food and nutrition, folklore, specific industries or sectors, etc. Furthermore, the museographic approaches and curatorial options of these institutions can vary considerably from re-enactment of traditional practices to the science-centre-inspired display of environmental matters. At a time when environmental, agricultural, and food related matters gain increasing...
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Linguistic Identity in the English as a Lingua Franca Communication: Changing Perceptions on English Non-nativeness in the Context of an Erasmus Community of Practice
Klánová, Aneta ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Sherman, Tamah (referee) ; Sonkoly, Gábor (referee)
The standard ideology, embedded in discourses of traditional language teaching, has been found to have an influence on non-native speakers' linguistic identities. It manifests itself in their preoccupation with grammatical correctness and accent, and consequently in shaping negative self-perceptions, by focusing on the lacks in proficiency relative to the native speaker model. Some of the recent studies, however, reported contrasting findings. They reveal a weakening of this influence, which stems mainly from the current role of English as a global lingua franca. The ultimate goal of this study is to explore the English non-native students' perceptions of their English, as it served as a main shared resource for socializing within their community, in order to find whether and how this decentralization, combined with the "real life" use of English within an informal environment of an Erasmus community of practice, might impact their linguistic identities. The theoretical part of this study consists of three sections. Firstly, it provides a description of the concept of English as a lingua franca and its development. The second part explicates the relation between ELF and linguistic identity whereas the third part introduces the community of practice approach, which has been employed both as a...
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Concept of The Environment in expert view of Czechoslovak architects 1960-1971
Chmátal, Jonáš ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee)
This study analyses the concept of The Environment among Czechoslovak architects and on the field of architectural theory in the 1960s. Environmental problematic was frequent topic across different expert groups since end of the 1950s and especially in the 1960s. Architects was one those groups and they actively further developed this concept of The Environment and environmental problematics during 1960s. This effort had brought interesting theoretical concepts and ideas and was also influenced by general Czechoslovak intellectual milieu of 1960s. Architects also started to critically address the degradation of natural environment due to increasing industrial pollution. They also accomplished several successes on the field of environmental problematics. They managed to establish specialized field of study and played a key role in some international conferences and meetings dealing with environmental problems under UNESCO, OSN or International Union of Architects. This study indicates some of yet not well known intellectual riches of Czechoslovak 1960s and also points that continuous environmental degradation during the reign of communist party was not caused by insufficient expertise and the source for this major problem should be further researched. Key words: Architecture, Environment,...
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Alpine Landscape from English travel literature ( the first half of the 18th century)
Štětka, Ondřej ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to trace the image of mountains, mountain landscape and nature in selected English/British travelogues and correspondence from the first half of the 18th century containing accounts of their authors' travels to the Alpine region. Firstly, the author of the thesis briefly outlines general development of the European attitude towards mountains before the half of the 18th century. After that he introduces each of the texts and their authors individually and then examines and compares them regarding chiefly the way of mentioning, describing or valuation of mountains and mountain landscape. Finally, he presents his findings and tries to confront them with some general theses on development of the perception of mountains, nature and landscape. Key words Mountains, Alps, landscape, nature, 18th century, English/British, travellers, travelogues.
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The development of National Institutes for Culture: The Case Study of the French (Institut Français) and Russian (Russian Centre of Science and Culture) Cultural Centres
Zakharova, Oleksandra ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Heinich, Nathalie (referee) ; Schaeffer, Jean - Marie (referee)
in English This study of the Institut Français (IF) and the Russian centre of science and culture (RCSC) is significant because it reveals different models of functioning for a cultural centre in an international global context. The main purpose of the paper was to analyse the differences between the two cultural centres (IF and RCSC) and figure out in which way these differences influence the development of the cultural centres abroad. According to our main goal we operate within conceptual and theoretical framework: the national culture and soft power (as reasons of the development of national cultural centres), the globalization (as a condition of their development), the nation branding (as the result of their functioning). Moreover, this paper supports the hypotheses that national cultural centres abroad define their cultural strategies whilst facing the realities of other countries and that the roles of managers of cultural centres are fundamental. This work is divided into three main chapters. The first explains why the IF and RCSC centres were created by analysing the history of their transformations. We examine the reasons for the increasing amount of national cultural centres to provide the most efficient soft power. The second chapter addresses the question of where they are located. We...
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Harmonising British and European Identity in a Technological Project
White, Stephen Washbourn ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Sonkoly, Gábor (referee) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
This research project will focus on the relationship between technology and integration. In practise, this means taking a transnational European project and using it as a lense in political and social discourse to trace how Britain and Europe have been placed regarding each other, and the implications this has for British identity. The chosen technology is the Eurofighter Typhoon, whose development involved numerous European nations ranging from Spain to France and Germany. The work seeks to contribute into the historiography focusing on identity in Britain's Europhile versus Eurosceptic debate, and the growing field of technological history spearheaded by works linking technology and the co-construction of national identities. Keywords: Technology, Integration, Europhile, Eurosceptic, Britain, Europe, Eurofighter.
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Region Building : the process of regionalization of defense and security cooperation in Visegrad and Western Balkan countries
Vanchoski, Aleksandar ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Czoch, Gábor (referee)
The process of region building and regionalization is an emerging phenomenon examined in the same time by historians, geographers, political scientists, economists diplomats and other scientific profiles. The concepts of region and regionalization could appear at different spatial scales, such as supra-state, sub-state or as a cross-border units and processes. Furthermore region and regionalization are complex for defining because they incorporate different narratives and categories as regional identity, spatial borders and delineating, cultural and social homogeneity, political and economic interdependence etc. Regions are invented, re-invented or constructed with purpose to reply to different functional, territorial and administrative purposes. In the era of ongoing globalization and deepening of the European integration, regions are becoming powerful tool for achieving different goals and interests. Nowadays regions, regional cooperation, regional identity are becoming a terms very often used in political and public discourses for different kind of mobilization. Western Balkan, similarly as Visegrad and Baltic regional formats is one of the emerging spatial formation that is appearing in the context of EU integration policies. In Macedonian political and public discourse these tendencies are...
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The Construction of the Symbolic Meaning of the Monarchy in Contemporary Thai Society
Nirundon, Chanankan ; Janáč, Jiří (advisor) ; Geaney, Kathleen Brenda (referee) ; Verdier, Nicolas (referee)
This thesis focuses on the fabricated image and the public representation of King Bhumibol - the current King of Thailand in two contemporary documentary films "My King" in 2012 and "Bhumibol - The People's King" in 2013. The primary purpose of this study is to examine how the fabricated image of the current King of Thailand has been constructed through the utilization of contemporary documentary films. The study argued that Bhumibol has borrowed the fabricated image and public representation from the European context, i.e. the fabricated public representation of Louis XIV. Indeed, the study has been inspired by the work of Peter Burke in 1992 entitled "The Fabrication of Louis XIV". The aforementioned work of Burke, articles on the analysis of documentary films, literatures about the importance of images in Thai society were considered altogether in the empirical part of this study. The study pinpointed eleven specific attributes of the public representation of Bhumibol from the two documentary films. The characteristics consisted of "August", "Father of the People", "Generous", "Godlike", "Glorious", "Hero of the Nation", "Invincible", "Laborious", "Modernized", "Pious", and "Wise". On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that the public representation of Bhumibol does...
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