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The framework of a journalist's profession in Mexiko - professionalism, ethics and safety
Bednářová, Aneta ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This thesis is focused on chosen attributes of a journalist profession in Mexico related to the topics of ethics, professionalism and security. This thesis considers various aspects that affect performance of this profession, such as current political and economic situation in the country or historical context. It also concentrates on a basic description of normative environment of Mexican media system. This thesis analyses regulations of Mexican journalism done by the state, also a degree of political parallelism, a situation of self-regulation of journalism and a status of journalists within the editorial office and the Mexican society. Furthermore, this study takes into account specific challenges of Mexico. Namely, problems of drug trafficking, high level of corruption and clientelism, which cause high crime not only among journalists but the whole society. These aspects are discussed in the presented study. Regarding the above- mentioned challenges in the country, the thesis also focuses on security and seeks reasons for limited security of Mexican journalists. The practical part presents views of Mexican journalists on the profession of journalism in Mexico. Since journalism is perceived as a mirror of society, this study also provides insights into Mexican society as such.
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Peace versus war journalism: ethic aspects of reporting international conflict
Melíšková, Iva ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This thesis deals with the ethical aspects of reporting wars and conflicts. First of all, it defines the ethical principles in journalism and the ethical dilemmas that journalists face in the war as well as the rules enshrined in the ethical codes of the media. Afterwards it focuses on the specifics of international conflict reporting and defines two ways to deal with it. These are, as the title suggests, war journalism, which emphasizes violence, the aspects of warship itself and the elites, and peaceful journalism, which focuses on civilians, deescalation of violence, and peace-related solutions. In the practical part, this work aims to find and define individual signs of peace and war journalism in reporting of global news media. Finally, the characteristics of these two approaches undergo a comparative analysis to find out what ethical rules apply to these approaches and what extent they differ. Analyzed media are Reuters and AFP news agencies and the British print media and their internet versions The Guardian and The Telegraph. Selected conflicts include the 2008 South Ossetian war and the Pillar of Defense, a conflict in the Gaza Strip dating back to 2012.
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Limits of free speech on social media
Navrátilová, Kateřina ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of the boundaries of freedom of expression on social media, which represent a significant present-day means of communication. As their social importance increases, so do the undesirable effects such as the spread of fake news and hate speech, presenting a challenge to be tackled. In some countries, certain measures to regulate social networks content have already been adapted. In the first section of the thesis, freedom of expression as a general concept is discussed. Special attention is drawn to its role in a democratic society, while at the same time mentioning its possible limitations. The second part is devoted to social networks as such, namely Facebook and Twitter. First, defining features of digital media in general are described, followed by the policies of individual social networks. The third part is devoted to the issues of personal rights violations, hate speech, pornography, and disinformation - occurrences that maybe in conflict with freedom of expression. These phenomena are observed in connection with the policies of individual social networks as well as the law of the Czech Republic. The final part of the bachelor thesis focuses on both internal and external regulation of social networks content. Differences between Facebook and Twitter...
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Transformation of media ethics with the rise of citizen journalism
Hrdličková, Lucie ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
Master's thesis transformation of media ethics with the rise of citizen journalism presents the phenomenon of citizen journalism (which thanks to the development of information and communication technologies has marked a steep increase) and how it changed the ethics of traditional media while reporting about terrorist attacks. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters. The first chapter defines the concept of ethics with a focus on ethical principles in journalism. The second chapter defines the concept of media, puts emphasis on mass media and new media and their placement into the current media environment. The third chapter deals with the concept of citizen journalism and participatory journalism. It clarifies their definition, explains the differences between them, outlines their advantages and disadvantages and compares them with traditional media. The last chapter of the practical part deals with the term terrorism. This chapter defines terrorism, deals with its division and development stages and outlines its goals. The practical part examines, through a case study how traditional media behaves in relation to citizen journalism when referring to terrorist attacks and how they adhere or violate ethical standards when taking materials from amateur journalists. The examples of terrorist attacks...
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The not used institute of clausule or reserves of conscience in journalism in czech journalistic self - regulation
Melicharová, Eliška ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
In this bachelor thesis, I will concentrate on the topic of the clause or reserves of conscience of journalists as unused institute in czech journalistic self-regulation. Besides this topic the bachelor thesis will point out on if czech journalists use all their rights, especially the clause or the reserves of conscience or of the ethical codes are not used in the journalistic self- regulation. Journalists can be exerted to the pressure from the directory of media, or for example from the politicians. Journalists are supposed to work according to their best conscience because of their influence on the public life of the society. According to these reasons it is important to realize that journalists need a legal protection. This kind of protection is established in ethical codes in the self-regulation of media. Besides the elementary rights and obligations the clause or reserves of conscience can be established in the ethical codes, which guarantee journalists that they can refuse a work which is in the contradiction with their conscience or their moral values. In Czech republic, reserves of conscience is established in the ethical code of Czech television and in the ethical code of Czech radio. In the thesis, I used the frame of structured interviews with czech journalists to show if these legal...
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Commentaries in Czech daily newspapers dealing with the Czech government crisis taking place in April and May 2017
Hrubý, Dominik ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
The thesis Commentaries of Czech daily newspapers dealing with the Czech government crisis taking place in April and May 2017 analyzes opinion texts published in daily newspapers Hospodářské noviny, Právo and Mladá fronta DNES from 27th April until 26th May 2017 dealing with government crisis ongoing at that time. Theoretical part of the thesis analyzes, among other things, the phenomenom of media ownership and its concentration. It pays attention also to transformation of Czech political party systém in last years, which is indisputably a relevant circumstance for the political journalism too. The methods of qualitative and quantitative content analysis are used in the thesis, which researches frequency of media coverage of the observed issue and mainly a dominant attitude of commentators of particular daily newspapers to three main characters of the government crisis - the Minister of Finance Andrej Babiš, the Prime Minister Bohuslav Sobotka and the President Miloš Zeman. Results of the analysis is put into context of ownership of particular daily newspapers, mainly with emphasis on the fact that genuine owner of Mladá fronta DNES is, through the private trusts, actually Minister Babiš.
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Media Image of Angela Merkel: portrayal of chancellor in Czech press
Tajzlerová, Lucie ; Osvaldová, Barbora (advisor) ; Lütke Notarp, Ulrike (referee)
The master thesis Media Image of Angela Merkel: portrayal of chancellor in Czech press examines the representation of Angela Merkel in two most widely read Czech national newspapers during her tenure as Chancellor of Germany from November 2005 to March 2018. The theses first familiarizes the reader with Angela Merkel in historical context and summarizes theoretical concepts and terms, which explain the relationship between media and politics. After that, the reader gets acquainted with the research questions and hypotheses, method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, basic characteristics of the selected daily newspapers, data sample and three parts of the studied period. Then the selected media contents are analyzed: individual periods are first examined separately and then compared. After that, the chancellor's media image is also compared in both journals. The thesis explains how Angela Merkel was represented in the first, second and third term of office, how her media image changed during the course and how it differed in selected newspapers. The research also verifies the assumption that the media image of Angela Merkel has changed over time to the worse, especially during her last term in office.
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Cybersourcing in the region of Hradec Králové
Rambousková, Michaela ; Osvaldová, Barbora (advisor) ; Jirků, Jan (referee)
The reason for creating this thesis was my own journalistic work in MF DNES newspaper in Královéhradecký region between 2010 and 2017. As a social networks user I found I use those networks as a tool for my work. I analyzed hundreds of contents of six regional media in Královéhradecký region: the newspapers Deník, MF DNES and Právo, the czech television broadcaster "Česká televize", the czech broadcasting service "Český rozhlas" and the press agency "ČTK". The answer for the question "how regional journalists use social networks as Facebook or Twitter" was that in print media (Deník and MF DNES) they used social networks more in 2016 than in 2010. They are sourcing it both ways - inspiration for the content topic and also as a source of peoples citation. On the other hand, the public service media (Česká televize and Český rozhlas) had only a minimal use of social networks in creating their content. But in case of print media the analysis confirmed, that social networks are becoming an inseparable part of journalistic work.
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"We were writing between the lines" (TV portrait - journalist Marta Bystrovová)
Mališová, Klára ; Šobr, Michal (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
This bachelor thesis consists of two parts - a practical and a theoretical one. The practical part is called We were writing between the lines and it is a documentary TV portrait of Marta Bystrovová, who was a journalist in Svobodné slovo for 25 years (between 1966-1991). The editorial office of this journal was situated at Wenceslas Square and because of that, Marta Bystrovová became a direct witness of the milestones in the history of Czechoslovakia (such as 1968 and 1989). Despite the press oppression, she did not hesitate to honestly inform about the events. Therefore the documentary is trying to show how it all influenced her opinions and beliefs. It is also demonstrating that there are ordinary people with extraordinary life story, whom nobody is saying ‚thanks' to, but they undoubtedly contributed to the evolvement of our society. The theoretical part adds facts to the practical one. First of all, it introduces Svobodné slovo, then, in comparison with Rudé právo, it focuses on what were the differences between these two journals and what was the role of Svobodné slovo, which was not, unlike from Rudé právo, under straight control of the leading Communist party, and therefore was trying to inform honestly about what was happening. The following chapter is about portraits in Svobodné slovo,...
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