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Complex Geographical Tasks Inspired by PISA Research
Šilhánová, Martina ; Řezníčková, Dana (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis outlines a set of three complex geographical tasks with different thematic focus inspired by the PISA research of scientific literacy. Using these tasks selected skills and knowledge of students are verified. The research examines how different are levels of mastery of selected skills and knowledge of primary school students and eight-year gymnasium students, and among the boys and girls thereof. This research is complemented by a questionnaire survey among teachers of tested students. In the testing there were involved 196 students from seven primary schools and 202 students of eight-year schools.
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Assesment of land use influence on landscape naturalness
Kaňková, Helena ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
1 Assesment of land use influence on landscape naturalness Abstract Human activities are putting an increasing pressure on natural areas. Complex understanding and evaluation of human impact on the environment is considered to be a key tool to preserve natural balance. Biodiversity was chosen as proxy for naturalness as it has been recognized as one of the main components of environmental stability. Several different indices has been developed to assess human-induced changes in biodiversity. In this study, mean abundance of original species relative to their abundance in undisturbed ecosystems (MSA) is used as an indicator for current state of naturalness. Indicator MSA is built on simple cause-effect relationships between environmental drivers and biodiversity impacts, based on state-of-the-art knowledge. Drivers considered are landcover change, land-use intensity, fragmentation and infrastructure development. As most of biodiversity indices, MSA illustrate prevailingly poor condition of nature as a result of human induced pressures, especially land cover change. Considering constantly increasing population and economic development human pressure grow is likely to continue during the coming decades with irreversible loss in the diversity of life on the Earth. Keywords: Mean species abundance (MSA) - land...
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Spatial externalities in transport: Prague case study
Tomášek, Radek ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novák, Jakub (referee)
Spatial externalities in transport: Prague case study Summary: This diploma thesis deals with spatial externalities in transport, namely occupation of land in the centre of Prague. It is divided into eleven chapters, which are further divided into individual subchapters. Literature review, in which the theoretical part of this work is contained, deals with the issue of externalities in transport and real estate evaluation and is listed in chapter four to seven. Practical part of thesis, which is primarily focused on quantifying and evaluating of occupation of land is contained in chapter eight. In its introduction there is also mentioned the methodology of work, including the data and programs used. Following part is a brief description of the monitored area. Based on the results of quantification and evaluation of occupation of land by the transport infrastructure there is subsequently elaborated discussion of possible use of the acquired knowledge. Ninth chapter is the conclusion in which the objectives of this work are repeated and thanks to their fulfilment also answers to the research questions that the author put in the introduction. Key words: externalities, sustainable transport, occupation of land, land evaluation, paid parking zones
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Geographic skills of elementary and secondary school students
Holeček, František ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hanus, Martin (referee)
The ame of this thesis is a partial analysis of survey, which preceded the elaboration of thesis and was prepared by a wider team. Secondary school students and older elementary school students took a test focused on problem solving skills and information literacy abilities in geography. Specifically: searching for data in a table, comparing tables with graphs, working with maps (searching for data and information, comparing with other resources), asking questions (searching for the causes of the current state of some phenomena), analysing data from different types of resources (tables, graphs, maps), transcribing data from table to the graph, and independent thinking on the basis of the information given. Apart from the test, they also filled out a survey on their opinions about the test questions and the frequency of practicing these skills in the classroom. Their teachers filled out the analogical survey. This thesis is analysing the part of survey results and it's specifically focused on the relation between the teachers' and the students' views on the test results and the tested skills and abilities.
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The occurence of neophytes in Smutná basin
Bartoš, Jan ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Čuda, Jan (referee)
The paper summarizes the results of the monitoring of selected invasive neophytes in the basin Smutná. Mapping was performed on 6 sections of watercourses (approx. 18 km) of riparian vegetation. Furthermore, in selected section fytocenological survey was performed and species abundance was recorded in riparian vegetation and in the floodplain Load riparian vegetation by selected invasive neophytes is rather mediocre in comparison with other rivers in the Czech Republic. There have been reported following taxa: Echinocystis lobata, Impatiens glandulifera, Impatiens parviflora, Reynoutria sp., Robinia pseudacacia and Lupinus polyphyllus. Despite the taxa of invasive neophytes in the basin Smutná occupy multiple segments, the total number of individuals is lower. For selected invasive neophytes growing in riparian vegetation Smutná there were no major differences in observed indicators during the two-years development period from 2010 to 2012. Significantly positive correlation between the degree of coverage and distance from a watercourse was found by Impatiens glandulifera. With the increasing distance from the watercourse its coverage decreases. The same dependence was also demonstrated by Echinocystis lobata, but due to its small representation in the phytosociological images this finding can not...
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Geographical analysis of distribution of large carnivores in the moravian Carpathians - applications for environmental education
Šťovíčková, Kateřina ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
Large carnivores are the most important bio-indicators. Their current distribution is connected to large complexes of mountain forests with low-intensity anthropogenic interference. In the Czech Republic, the Moravian Carpathians are presently home to large carnivores such Lynx lynx, Canis lupus and Ursus arctos. This region is also significant in that it connects regions of current large carnivore populations with regions suitable for potential population expansion. Geographical analysis of the distribution of large carnivores in the Moravian Carpathians revealed a positive correlation between carnivores and the mountain forest near the border of Slovakia. Studies for predilection for land cover and geographical relief as well as the influence of human activity were carried out. It was found that Lynx lynx, Canis lupus and Ursus arctos preferred a region with a low human population density and minimal roads. Future spread depends on the conservation of landscape permeability between areas. This work concentrates mainly on the problem of landscape fragmentation, and how spatial and line barriers can cause the loss of biodiversity. A return of large carnivores to our forests will only be possible if road corridors will be designed with respect to the carnivores' habitat requirements, and also through...
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Climate change in the teaching of geography
Štros, Martin ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hátle, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the problem of climate change and its role in geography lessons at grammar schools and higher elementary schools. The introductory part describes the current state of knowledge of this global problem with regard to the needs of geography teachers. It also lists sources which the teachers can use to obtain professional information on these issues. Key part of this thesis is largely a qualitative research conducted at grammar schools and to a lesser extent, at primary schools. The research included interviews with students and teachers and analyzing educational geography documents and textbooks. Final part of the thesis then consists of proposals of climate change integration in geography education, as well as specific teaching methods designed on the basis of research results and their practical test during geography lessons. The whole thesis should analyze the current situation and also serve geography teachers in their efforts to integrate climate change issues into their lessons.
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Environmental literacy of students in secondary schools
Vacínová, Markéta ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Frélichová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis identifies the environmental literacy of the sample respondents thanks a questionnaire investigation. It deals with both theoretical parts of selected environmental issues, as well as practical example in the form of a small research, environmental literacy of high school students. Mentioned research was participated 260 students from six schools in Prague, two were ecological specialization and four were general specialization. Different types of profiling of these schools were the basic for the next research questions, which determinates the degree of the influence of environmental literky among students attending the mentioned types of schools. The research was concern with the question, if a development is evident in environmental literacy if high school students compared with previous studies. The results found in this diploma thesis also introduce the possible range of educational programs of environmental education centres, which are suitable to develop useful environmental activities.
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The possibilities of further education in biological invasion issue for secondary school students
Bartoš, Jan ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Král, Luboš (referee)
This diploma thesis identifies thanks a questionnaire investigation, what is awareness of high school students about the issue of plant invasion. In this issue has been suggested and in the practise tested model lesson. The model lesson was taught in 5 classes. The questionnaire investigation was realized in the classes, where this model lesson has not taken place. This questionnaire was divided into two parts. The first part focused on knowledge of invasive plants filled 255 respondents. In the second part questions were connected conservation with the issue of plant invasions. Also there were questions, which was determinate by the effectiveness of the model lesson. 40% of respondents have never heard about the plant invasions. Within the circle of knowledge is the relative frequency of correct answers much smaller. It was found if student's view on solving the situation around invasive plants is affected with approach to environmental ethics, which they profess.
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