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Nutritional status of long-term hospitalized patients in psychiatric hospital
Svobodová, Hana ; Tomášek, Jiří (advisor) ; Petr, Tomáš (referee)
Objectives: The aim of this non-interventional observational study was to determine the nutritional statu s of long-term hospitalized pacients in a psychiatric hospital using anthropometric indicators of nutritional status. Assess the presence of overweight, obesity and pathological waist circumference in patients with schizophrenia. Evaluate the incidence of malnutrition and risk of its development in patients with dementia. Methods: The data were obtained by measuring the selected patients in Psychiatric hospital Kosmonosy, were collected data on body weight, arm circumference, waist and calf. Data were completed by information from nursing records - body height of the patient, age, length of hospital stay and used antipsychotic medication. The data of weight and height were used to calculated BMI. Results: The study included a total of 121 patients, of whom 56 (46.28 %) men and 65 (53.72 %) women. Patients were divided into two groups by diagnosis, the first group of schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorders (93 patients) and another group with a diagnosis of dementia (28 patients). In the first group, the incidence of overweight was present in 26.88 % of patients, obesity in 25.81 % of patients and abdominal obesity was present in 79.57 % of patients. The highest average BMI, the prevalence...
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The effect of selected sesquiterpenes on antioxidant enzymes in Caco-2 cell line
Janíček, Tomáš ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Raisová Stuchlíková, Lucie (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Tomáš Janíček Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Svobodová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of selected sesquiterpenes on antioxidant enzymes in Caco-2 cell line Colorectal carcinoma is a very frequent type of malignant neoplasms, while the Czech Republic has the sixth highest incidence of this disease globally. Current chemotherapy is often not an ideal option, and there is an effort to find substances that could replace it or reduce its dosage, and therefore its adverse effects. A promising source of natural substances is the Chinese tree Myrica rubra, whose extracts have inhibited the proliferation of many tumour cell lines. Also, in several colon carcinoma cell lines, the growth inhibition was observed after their cultivation with the essential oil from the M. rubra's leaves (SMR), with the Caco-2 line being the most sensitive. The main sesquiterpenes of SMR β-caryophyllene, α-humulene (α-HUM), trans-nerolidol (t-NER) and valencene proved the antiproliferative effects on this cell line too. α-HUM and t-NER showed the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on colon carcinoma cells. The aim of our work was to find out how SMR, α-HUM and t-NER at concentrations of 25 and 50 μg/ml, influence...
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The impact of selected prenylflavonoids on the effect of anticancer therapy in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line
Dlužaninová, Martina ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Szotáková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Martina Dlužaninová Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Svobodová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The impact of selected prenylflavonoids on the effect of anticancer therapy in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line In recent years, hops prenylflavonoids have been the subject of the research by many scientists because of the wide spectrum of their biological effects. They have been confirmed, among other things, as effective antiproliferative drugs for colorectal cancer cells. Oxaliplatin is an effective alkylating cytostatic, whose main indication is the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, using oxaliplatin in therapy of cancer is limited by its neurological toxicity. When used in combination with other drugs, as it is used in clinical practice, it is possible to reduce therapeutic dose without loss of effect. Current therapeutic regimens with oxaliplatin are not free from this neurological toxicity. It would be helpful to find a substance that would help reduce the dose while being as non-toxic as possible. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol and oxaliplatin on SW620 colorectal carcinoma cells and study the impact of selected prenylflavonoids on the effect of...
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The effect of alpha-humulene and carophyllene oxide in ovarian cancer cells
Žáková, Kateřina ; Matoušková, Petra (advisor) ; Svobodová, Hana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Kateřina Žáková Supervisor: Ing. Petra Matoušková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of alpha-humulene and caryophyllene oxide in ovarian cancer cells. Sesquiterpenes α-humulene and β-caryophyllene oxide are substances with antiproliferative activity against number of tumor cell lines. In this study, the antiproliferative efect of α-humulene and β-caryophyllene oxide was tested alone and in combination with doxorubicin, using neutral red uptake assay. Doxorubicin- sensitive cell line A2780 was more sensitive to the action of doxorubicin and sesquiterpenes than SKOV3 cell line, which is naturally doxorubicin-resistant. To determine the interactions between sesquiterpenes and doxorubicin, software program CalcuSyn which is based on Chou-Talay method was used. The combination indexes ofsesquiterpenes with doxorubicin were determined. Both sesquiterpenes had antagonistic effect on doxorubicin in A2780 cell line and synergistic effect on SKOV3 cell line. The mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of all three tested substances is explained by the production of ROS. For the determination of pro-oxidant effects of the tested substances the DCF assay was used. Our results showed good...
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Impact of selected sesquiterpenes on biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes and cancer cell line MCF-7
Auterská, Lenka ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Štambergová, Hana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lenka Auterská Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D Title of diploma thesis: Impact of selected sesquiterpenes on biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in hepatocytes and cancer cell line MCF-7 A breast cancer belongs among the most common cancer diseases of women and its incidence keeps increasing. The highest percentage is represented by a ductal carcinoma, which originates in the cells of the milk ducts and from there it can spread to other tissues. Nowadays, there are several cell lines, which serve for research purposes in the field of cancer therapy as a model for in vivo and in vitro studies. Particularly the MCF-7 cell line has been proved as a significant source of information about the response of cancer tissues to drug administration. It has been proved that content components of essential oils are able to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, suppress abiogenesis and metastases, and enhance the effect of chemotherapy. Besides other things, numerous studies have confirmed their effect on the activity of enzymes involved in a body protection against free radicals and oxidative stress. The aim of this thesis was to determine the cytotoxic effect of...
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Influence of TNF-α on hENaC subunits expression
Martan, David ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Matoušková, Petra (referee)
University of Vienna Faculty of Life Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: David Martan Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Rosa Lemmens-Gruber, PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D. Title of the diploma thesis: Influence of TNF-α on hENaC subunits expression The human amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (hENaC) is a type of ion channel which has the ability to control salt and water homeostasis. Therefore it is one of the main driving forces for the reabsorption of water through the alveolar epithelium. A dysfunction of this channel, respectively of this control mechanism, leads to a very severe disease - pulmonary edema and several other pathological conditions. Previous studies tested a drug called AP301, recently named solnatide. AP301 is a cyclic protein comprising the human tumour necrosis factor lectin-like domain sequence. This drug was recently developed as a potential treatment of pulmonary edema. The principle is that it activates hENaC by increasing the open probability. It was also shown that AP301 transiently increases the expression of hENaC subunits in mammalian cells. In this study we used the Western blot method to test the influence of tumour necrosis factor α...
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The impact of selected sesquiterpenes on the effectiveness of anticancer therapy in MDA-MB-231 cell line
Tůmová, Veronika ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Malátková, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Title, Name, Surname of candidate: Veronika Tůmová Title, Name, Surname of tutor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D Title of a diploma work: The influence of selected sesquiterpenes on the effect of cytostatics for the cell line MDA-MB-231 Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer. It makes up approximately one quarter of cancer cases amongst women. The rise in the incidence of this disease in western countries has, over recent years, been linked to a lifestyle that characteristically involves a sedentary way of life and a diet rich in animal fats. There are currently many therapeutic regimes available for the treatment of breast cancer which are increasingly adapted to the individual needs of the patient and their specific tumor subtype. In spite of the wide range of treatments with a variety of mechanisms of effects on cancer tissues, current treatments are limited by inadequate effectiveness, serious undesirable side effects or the occurrence of resistance. Scientists have therefore been attempting to uncover ways to prevent these undesired effects. Sesquiterpenes α humulene and trans-nerolidol are naturally-occuring substances that, through their biochemical effects, act cytotoxically...
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Changes of gene and protein expression of selected enzymes in mice due to cranberry antioxidants and obesity
Vášková, Lucie ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Skálová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Lucie Vášková Supervisor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, PhD. Title of thesis: Changes of gene and protein expression of selected enzymes in mice due to cranberry antioxidants and obesity Obesity is a chronic disease coming up to endemic size in contemporary population. It is often associated with an adverse pathophysiological effects in the organism. This condition affects many processes occurring in the body and probably also activity and expression of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes. Expression of antioxidant enzymes is influenced by dietary intake of antioxidants, which can be definitely beneficial to health. This thesis concerns about changes in protein and gene expressions of biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes by testing the four groups of experimental mice. This determination was carried out in normal and obese mice in which obesity was induced artificially by administration of monosodium glutamate. These individuals served as control group to the other two groups, which were used for testing the effect of cranberry extract on enzyme expression. The expressions were determined in subcellular fractions of livers and small intestine. The methods to determination of...
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The impact of selected sesquiterpenes on the effectiveness of anticancer therapy in MCF-7 cell line
Vogričová, Lenka ; Svobodová, Hana (advisor) ; Hanušová, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Title, Name, Surname of candidate: Lenka Vogričová Title, Name, Surname of tutor: PharmDr. Hana Bártíková, Ph.D. Title of a diploma work: The influence of selected sesquiterpenes on the effect of cytostatics in the MCF-7 cell line Sesquiterpenes are natural substances with numerous biological effects. Anti-tumour effect of certain sesquiterpenes has been determined. Doxorubicin is an antracycline- based medicine used for cancer chemotherapy, among other things, for the treatment of breast cancer. The doxorubicin therapy is limited by a number of adverse effects, particularly its cardiotoxicity. A combination of doxorubicin with suitable substances might result in lower therapeutic dosages of doxorubicin. One of the alternatives is the utilization of sesquiterpenes combined with doxorubicin. The purpose of this thesis is the determination of the effect of two sesquiterpenes, α-humulene and trans-nerolidol on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and the determination of the effect of α-humulene and trans-nerolidol on the effect of the doxorubicin cytostatic. The effect of α-humulene, trans-nerolidol, doxorubicin and a combination thereof on cell proliferation has been evaluated by the neutral red uptake...
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