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The comparison of submaximal load on the bicacle ergometer, elliptical ergometer and arm crank
Novoveská, Gabriela ; Slabý, Kryštof (advisor) ; Machač, Stanislav (referee)
INTRODUCTION: This thesis is focused on comparison of submaximal load PWC 170 to three different types of cranks together with contrasting various methods of calculating this index. We have chosen one method from those four, which has seemed like having the least error and we have compared it against those three remaining ones. METHODOLOGY: It has been tested on 10 probands (5 men and 5 women) which were in age range from 20 to 29 years and without any serious health problems. Graded test without breaks has been chosen for stress protocol, where every proband started with stress 1 W/kg of his weight on bycycle and eliptical crank. We have used conversion factor 0,5 on arm crank, which means that the stress on this crank started on 0,5 W/kg. The load has been gradually increasing by 0,5 W/kg on each level (0.25 W/kg on arm crank). Every level of load has three minutes duration and number of levels used has been individual because it has been driven by increase of pulse rate. After the proband has reached at least 170 beats per minute we have been continuously increasing the stress till we have reached maximum. We have determined pulse frequency during the examination on the end of each level of stress and also when the maximum has been reached, as well as subjective evaluation of load intensity on a...
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Accurate pedometers function using the autocalibration
Kučera, Lukáš ; Slabý, Kryštof (advisor) ; Procházka, Michal (referee)
v angličtině Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the possibilities of accurate pedometer functions through a partial removal of individual measurement errors for a particular pair of pedometer- proband, using the auto-calibration of walking for the previously known distance. Methods: They will be used pedometers of mechanical type YAMAX SW-200 and fully electronic type OMRON HJ-720. Thirty adults from 18 to 69 years old (11 men, 19 women) took part in this study. In the pilot phase will be suggesting of a sufficiently long sections of known length (100 m, 300 m a 1000 m) and auto-calibration on a flat track. Own attempt will consist in landscaping measurement. Resulsts: From everage lengths and from the number of steps, which we measured, is possible to determine distance, which probands covered. The biggest aproach was to real distance 1000 m in case we used everage length of step from distance 300 m. In this case undervaluation of the distance reached in Omron 7 % and with Yamax just 10 %. Howewer the distance as well for Omron was overvalued in 27 % probands and for Yamax it was in 20 % probands. Conclusion: The best possibility seems to be average length of step, which is couted from distance for 100 m. Although there is undervaluation more frequent, overvalution is minimal. It will be...
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Distant effects of muscle electrostimulation
Koláček, Michal ; Slabý, Kryštof (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
This work is trying to identify possible non-stimulatory effects and distant effects of muscle electrostimulation musculus quadriceps femoris based on a literature search. Furthermore evaluates the influence of High Tone Electrical Stimulation (HTEMS) muscles of lower limbs on the activity of the autonomic nervous system, expressed by heart rate variability, a spectral power in the individual frequency bands. Randomized crossover study involved 15 healthy subjects (7 men and 8 women), average age 24.4 ± 2,5 years. Heart rate variability was evaluated in two situations: the situation without the application HTEMS and the situation with the aplication of HTEMS. Electrostimulation was done with HITOP 191. The results did not show statistically significant differences in all monitored components. The study also dealt with the reproducibility of measurements of perception and motor threshold for HTEMS.
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Quantitative walk tests in children- Research
Frajtová, Aneta ; Jevič, Filip (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
There is a constant increase of use of the walk tests in children population as part of objective testing. There is absence of complex summary of reference values for healthy children therefore we are not able to test our pediatric patients as fast, easy and objective as we would like to. Due to this fact we decided to create a summary of final results of three chosen walk tests. We have been dealing only with walk tests focused on quantitative aspect of walking in healthy children. We have chosen a walk test focusing on endurance (Six-Minute Walk Test), skilfulness (Timed Up and Go Test) and velocity of walk (10 Meter Walk Test). Methods: We were looking for studies containing only physiology values of healthy children in medical databases such as PubMed, EBSCOhost, UKAZ.cuni.cz, Web of Science and the Google Scholar database. Only studies containing full text and meeting our criteria were chosen. Outcome of this work is a complex summary of all available values of three walk tests, their general description and comparison of all found studies focused on this topic. We made comparison of several chosen parameters (number of tested children, their age, gender, methodology of testing, results and their details). Conclusion: A large number of studies published only average results of all included...
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Possibilities of influencing blood pressure in spinal cord injury patients during verticalization
Věchetová, Tereza ; Schreier, Bronislav (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
Orthostatic hypotension is a common problem for individuals with spinal cord lesions, especially in the acute period after spinal cord injury. The first part of this study deals with the theoretical analysis of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular control after spinal cord injury, the definition of orthostatic hypotension and its inclusion within the classification of the syncopal conditions. An important part of the theoretical part is the management of orthostatic hypotension, which brings non-pharmacological therapeutic approaches, and marginally pharmacology, to decrease the severity of this condition. The experimental part focuses on testing of a group of probands with spinal cord injury (11 quadriplegics) on two different types of tilt tables according to the same protocol. The first tilt table is a standard; the second one is Erigo, tilt table with integrated robotic mechanism, which moves the legs to simulate walking. The parameters, such as blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and the occurrence and severity of pre-synkopal symptoms, were compared. The study is based on the assumption that passive leg movement, which is mediated by the Erigo, will maintain venous return, cardiac output, and a significant drop in blood pressure and development of orthostatic hypotension,...
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Autonomic nervous system and its relationship to functional disorders of the muscle
Marčišová, Hana ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
The aim of this paper was to summarize the current knowledge of function and regulation of autonomic nervous system (ANS). We wanted to assess possible involvement of ANS in changes of muscle tension. Sympathetic nervous system affects the sensitivity of somatosenzory afferention, thus effecting the function of whole nervous system. Exists evidence about ANS effect on cutaneous afferents activity as well as muscle spindle afferent activity. Sympathetic modulation of proprioceptive information from muscle spindles may influence α motoneuron excitability. ANS may affect muscle tonus regulation. The selective activation of trigger point (TRP) during heightened muscle sympathetic efferent activity (MSNA) was proved. This supports the idea that the sympathetic nervous system can directly contribute on maintaining of the TRP and myofascial pain syndrome. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Comparison of maximum heart Rate while running, on a bycikle ergometer and swimming.
Májková, Tereza ; Radvanský, Jiří (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
Theoretical part of this thesis is focused on a heart rate, especially its parameters, measurement methods and regulation. Moreover describes maximal heart rate issue. Practical part was performed as an experimental measurement of maximal heart rate level of 40 healthy adult probands (20 men and 20 women) between the ages of twenty and forty. Maximal heart rate was measured by telemetry meter FT4 Polar ® in 3 types of exercise tests - running, ergometer cycling and swimming. Results were statistically processed. Study confirmed significant differences in maximal heart rate during running, ergometer cycling and swimming. Highest heart rate was reached while running for 95% of measured volunteers and the lowest heart rate was reached during swimming for 98% of probands. The objective of this thesis was a comparison of reached heart rates during different exercise tests and highlight the evidence of dissimilar maximal heart rate during different exercises. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Obesity, osteoartrhritis and physical activity
Vojtová, Anna ; Hašpicová, Marcela (advisor) ; Slabý, Kryštof (referee)
The Bachelors thesis ,,Obesity, osteoartrhritis and physical activity" is focused on monitoring and evaluating movement regime, changes in postural tereotypes and musculoskeletal pain in obese adult patients during preparation and in the period following bariatric surgery, or after sensomotoric training without bariatric surgery. The aim of the work will be the elaboration of the last available literature onthe topic.I process the case reports of two patients describing changes in posture and postural stereotypes during a weight reduction with and without exercise regime in the practical part. The evaluation will be based on measuring postural stability using computer posturography, objectification amplitude of movement of thesupportingjoints by the Moover instrument. Body compartment composition will be analysed by bioimpedance measurement on the Tanita instrument, and subjective perceptionof pain and quality of life throughout the reduction program will be assessed through standardised questionnaires. (DIBDA- Questionnaire of pain interference with daily activities, Pain Map, Questionnaire of the impact of body weight on quality of live(IWGOL-Lite) The results from computer posturography didn't show improvement in postural stability. Patient after a signifiant weight reduction shows a reduction...
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EMG study: Nordic hamstring exercises vs. isometric training
Kudláček, Jiří ; Slabý, Kryštof (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
Bibliographical record: KUDLÁČEK, Jiří. EMG study: Nordic hamstring exercises vs. isometric training. Prague: Charles Univerzity, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020, 79p. Supervisor MUDr. Kryštof Slabý. Abstract This thesis is an EMG study, which examines an electric activity of knee flexors and m. quadriceps femoris during 3 types of exercises: Nordic hamstring exercise, single leg sliding leg curl, and isometric contraction. The theoretical part summarizes anatomy, physiology, and kinesiology of the musculoskeletal system, as well as the principle of surface EMG. In the experimental part, the EMG study was conducted on 20 healthy individuals aged 20 to 30 years-old. Each patient underwent an applied kinesiology procedure and subsequently went through an 16 channel surface EMG technique. The aim of this work is to compare the maximal and average value of the EMG amplitude of particular muscles during each exercise. While providing Nordic hamstring exercise and single leg slide, the light was shed on a question of whether there is a statistically significant difference between activation of m. biceps femoris and m. semitendinosus in terms of EMG values. The following phase of the thesis scrutinized the timing of hamstring muscles during Nordic hamstring...
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