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Molecular and epidemiological characteristics of Burkholderia cenocepacia strain dominant in cystic fibrosis patients in the Czech Republic
Vilimovská Dědečková, Klára ; Dřevínek, Pavel (advisor) ; Macek, Milan (referee) ; Šmajs, David (referee)
Summary: Bacteria from BurkJwlderia cepacia complex represent the most serious pathogens for patients witb cystic fibrosis. l nc:ir scverity IS caused by their antibiotic resistance and ability to Sllrcad among patients wilh cystic fibrosis. Many cyslic fibrosis cenlrcs around IlIe world, also tbe biggest Czech Cystic Fibrosis Centre in University Hospital in Motol, faeed outbreak. In Ihe 1990's tlle epidernie strain HurMwlderia cenocepacia S1'32 spread in a population of cystic fibrosis patienlS. One of the goals of the tunent thesis was to study epidemiological situation of Blďkholderia cepada oornplex in the popolation of eystie fibrosis pmients allending Cysfie Fibrosis Centre in University Hospilal MOlol almost seventeen years after first cases of infected palients wilh Bec inrection. Otber goals were: to evaloate 3 usefulness of molccular genelie diagnosties of Burkholderia cepacia complex tetl years afier ils implementation in routine diagnosties, to improve surveillal1ee syslem not only by implementalion or simple and specifie tesl for detection of epidemie stmin, bul 3150 by implementation of genolyping melllods thal are able to detennine strain in olher cases of infeetion. The [asI goal was to characterize Ibe epidemie slrain frolll virolence point ofview. Dased oRthe thesis we: confirmed...
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Statistical aspects of nuclear collective dynamics
Macek, Michal ; Cejnar, Pavel (advisor) ; Kvasil, Jan (referee) ; Mareš, Jiří (referee)
The current PhD thesis presents a collection of selected articles related to the theoretical and numerical study of low-energy collective dynamics of atomic nuclei. The articles were published or recently submitted to international physics journals and were authored or co-authored by the author of the thesis. The eects in collective dynamics have been studied within the framework of two common models-the interacting boson model (IBM) and to a lesser extent the geometric collective model (GCM). The "statistical aspects" in the title relate predominantly to the interplay of ordered and chaotic behavior observed in properties of quantum eigenstates as well as in the classical limits of the models. The main attention was devoted to correlations between the measures of regularity/chaos and the presence of exact and approximate dynamical symmetries. An important subject of the studies were also the relationships between the properties of the classical and quantum solutions of the models both in the integrable regime as well as in the mixed regime containing elements of regularity and chaos simultaneously.
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A sketch of the inner life of Czech heretics before the Edict of Toleration and during the first decade of the existence of Toleration Churches.
Macek, Ondřej ; Filipi, Pavel (advisor) ; Beneš, Ladislav (referee) ; Melmuková, Eva (referee)
The three studies contained in this dissertation attempt to sketch out the praxis pietatis haereticorum, i.e. to reassemble the faith, thinking, piety, and inner life of documented groups of Czech and Moravian secret Protestants of the 18th century in the villages of Horní Vilémovice, Velká Lhota u Dačic, and Soběhrdy. The work describes the modus operandi of their communities, including the family and local continuation of "heretical life". It attempts to reassemble the means of bearing (and passing on the) witness to a "different" dimension (way) of Christian faith compared to that of the Roman Catholic Church, which the secret Protestants were members of. It confirms that - beside personal witness - books played an important role in the process of catechesis and maintaining of the "heretical" faith. Furthermore, the work presents diaconal expressions of the crypto-Protestant community, it characterizes several types of congregation gatherings that served to strengthen the (faith and life of) individual secret Protestants, and finally systematizes their testimonies of the content of faith. In addition, the possibility of designating the society of secret Protestants as a church is explored, thus contributing to the Diaspora theology. Secret Protestantism is part of the Czech Protestants' identity,...
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Preimplantation genetic haplotyping in genetically risk families
Borgulová, Irena ; Macek, Milan (advisor) ; Trávník, Pavel (referee) ; Veselá, Kateřina (referee)
PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC HAPLOTYPING IN GENETICALLY RISK FAMILIES Abstract of Irena Borgulova's PhD study Page 1/1 ABSTRACT Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is at the intersection of assisted reproduction and clinical genetics. PGD precedes prenatal diagnosis because consists in biopsy of a single embryonic cell and its examination excluding genetic risks before embryo transfer back to mother uterus. Methods within PGD can offer all spectrums of possible investigations of a single cell, whether focused on monogenic disorders, chromosomal aberration or abnormality of whole genome. Monogenic diseases in embryos can be detected by direct or indirect linkage analysis. Indirect linkage analysis has the advantage compared to direct analysis that it is able to indentify pertinent aberration of examined chromosome. Indirect linkage analysis is characterised by preimplantation genetic haplotyping (PGH) which is prime and important constituent of PGD cycle. PGH is based on family anamnesis for determination of pathologic/ high-risk (mutation-associated) haplotype and healthy/ low-risk (without mutation) haplotype by comparison with the haplotypes of other family members. PGD cycle requires in vitro fertilisation (IVF). IVF cycle includes hormonal stimulation, biopsy of oocytes and their fertilisation outside...
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State and Church in Calvin's Thought: Sovereign Powers in Cooperation
Matulová, Lucie ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Gallus, Petr (referee) ; Macek, Ondřej (referee)
My doctoral thesis focuses on the church-state relationship in Calvin's thought. His model of the church- state relationship shows both powers to be sovereign, but at the same time in cooperation. The aim of my thesis is to verify the similarity between the progressive and ecclesiastical power of the state in terms of its institutionalization. Man is under twofold government (secular and spiritual) the attempt to separate these two governments is not only possible, but even desirable. They are not mutually incompatible, for God reigns in both. The concept of the Church moved from the invisible realm into the visible one with a solid organizational structure. The true Church is recognizable by its key features: the pure preaching of the Word of God and the proper administration of the sacraments according to Christ's will. Church and state administration have proved necessary for human survival. Calvin tries to reduce the danger of absolute power in both governments. Ecclesiastical power, which was originally connected only with the power of the keys, developed into three branches. Similarly, secular government was divided into three parts. An important topic for Calvin is his conception of the law. Christ liberated man from the tyranny of the law so that he could freely follow it. Man has civic duties,...
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The Relationship between Redemption and Emancipation in the Political Theology of J. B. Metz
Ort, Jakub ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
This thesis, called The Relationship between Redemption and Emancipation in the Political Theology of J. B. Metz, concerns the political theology of J. B. Metz. The first part summarizes the influences, which shaped his theological thinking and it presents his concept of political theology. The next part asks a question about the relationship between the ideas of redemption and emancipation in Metz's theology. This is based on the interpretation of a chapter from his book, Glaube in Geschichte und Gesellschaft, which concerns the topic. But before the interpretation of Metz's text, the problems of relationship between the two terms and of their origin are described. The extent of the field of meaning of the term "emancipation" is illustrated by the examples of the thinking of Immanuel Kant, Karl Marx and Jürgen Habermas. A large part is dedicated to the figures of the Frankfurt school, Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin, and their specific approach to the idea of emancipation and the Enlightenment tradition. The final thesis rejects the opinion, that the ideas of emancipation and redemption in Metz's theology coincide too much and it puts stress on the importance of the term "history of suffering" for solving this problem of Metz's theology. Keywords political theology, J. B. Metz, emancipation,...
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2Adherence to Osteoporosis Treatment
Vytřísalová, Magda ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Horák, Pavel (referee) ; Macek, Karel (referee)
Literature search Introduction: Osteoporosis (OP) is an important non-communicable disease, the incidence of which is increasing. It is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and changes in bone tissue quality. These disorders increase the risk of fracture and consequently have a considerable impact on public health. OP affects primarily postmenopausal women, but has recently become a great concern in men as well. Among the most important preventive (and non-drug therapeutic) interventions are a diverse diet high in calcium, adequate physical activity, avoidance of exposure to toxic substances and fall prevention. Multiple therapeutic strategies are used in attempts to restore balance between the bone resorption and the bone formation. A first-line intervention is calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Specific drug therapies (anti-osteoporosis drugs) are classified according to the predominant mechanism of action into anticatabolic or antiresorptive drugs (bisphosponates, raloxifene, calcitonin) and formation stimulating, anabolic drugs (parathormones), and drugs with a dual mechanism of action (strontium-ranelate). The current treatment strategies reduce the risk of fracture by about half and have proved cost effective. As in other chronic asymptomatic diseases,...
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