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Changes in the Ukrainian international trade after the Crimea annexation. Reorientation from the Russian Federation to the EU
Rakiv, Nadiia ; Semerák, Vilém (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
This thesis is mainly focusing on the international trade tendency of Ukraine after the annexation of Crimea and the military intervention of Russia in the Don- bas region. Specifically, this work examines the changes in the Ukraine-Russia trade dimension and reorientation of Ukraine from Russia to the EU Partnership. Therefore, the role of the Donbas region, which used to be deeply integrated into the supply chains of Russian companies, is crucial to analyze. The prepared re- view of Ukrainian international trade agreements with Russia and other countries, specifically focusing on the changes of the main partners during the last years, is presented to emphasis the actuality of this thesis topic. This work is based on the comparison of patterns of Ukrainian foreign trade before and after the annexation of Crimea, with the further effects of the exten- sion towards European economics. The understanding of Crimea, the history of the peninsula and its inhabitants, the Crimean Tatars, is initially reviewed and covered. From Soviet genocide to Putin's Conquest (2016) publication was an essential resource. Russia and the West After the Ukrainian Crisis: European vulnerabilities to Russian pressure, Radar corporation (2017) research was used as a basis of the Ukraine-Russia relations and consequences it...
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Analysis of the Effects of Sri Lankan 1977 External Economic Liberalization Policy on Foreign Direct Investment
Tennakoon, Senya Nimsari ; Semerák, Vilém (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
The Synthetic Control Method (SCM) provides the comparative case-study evaluation on Sri Lanka and other 18 countries in this research paper. The external economic liberalization policy implemented in 1977 has significant changes in the Inward Foreign Direct Investments in the state. Focusing on the 18 countries, the methodology is being carried out comparing the Inward Foreign Direct Investment towards the level of countries without similar pre- treatment characteristics and liberalization policy effect. The final results show that there is a positive impact of the inward foreign direct investments towards the economic growth through the external economic liberalization policy. Additionally, we identified global and domestic economic shocks affecting the late 20th century international trade and foreign direct investments. The methodology performed successfully through a gradual increase in foreign direct investments in the results which was developed towards the policy suggestions.
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The impact of colonialism on the current state of politics and economy of Egypt
Maged Mohamed Fahmy Abdelrazek Gomaa, Maya ; Tesař, Jakub (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
This paper discusses the impact of British colonialism on the legal system of Egypt and its development. During the height of British imperialism, Egypt was at a crossroads transferring from one empire to another; this concluded with the British occupation of 1882. This forced occupation has had many implications, but the one that can still be felt the most is the legal changes that occurred. Before the occupation, Egypt was facing tremendous debt and understood that it would be a matter of time before they are occupied by one of their creditors. Egypt thus began a legal reform process, which led to the adoption of a new legal code based on the Napoleonic code. This work combines events and resources in order to demonstrate the relationship between British colonialism and the development of the Egyptian legal system. This work shows that the way imperialism affected the development of the legal system was somewhat unique, as Egypt did wind up with a European system, the government did so at their own will, rather than by coercion from the imperial forces. Egypt shows that codification, and legal reform, although deemed as tools of imperialism, could be used to counteract even further interference. Key Words: Egypt, Colonialism, Independence, Legal codes, Judicial System, British Empire, Nationalism
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The Role of Institutional Change in the Turkish Economic Growth Under AKP Governance
Gulaliyev, Algushad ; Semerák, Vilém (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
This paper analyses how the institutional change in Turkey during AKP governance impacted the economic development of the country. It will first examine some of the main characteristics and positive impact of Turkey's institutional reforms toward democratization between 2002-2007. In the following section, the AKP's reversal from the implemented reforms and its authoritarian shift will be discussed to evaluate the deterioration of both political and economic institutions in the period between 2007-2017. Building on these discussions and through contrasting the institutional changes in these two periods, it will be examined whether the change in the institutions impacted the economic performance of Turkey between 2002-2017. To analyse the economic performance of Turkey and the quality of its economic growth in these years, the changes in Total Factor Productivity Growth, the export share of technologically advanced products, and FDI inflow to Turkey will be examined.
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Considering Procreation: Arguments from Philosophy and Economics
Bialas, Josef ; Salamon, Janusz (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Josef Bialas Considering Procreation: Arguments from Philosophy and Economics Bachelor's Thesis Abstract The thesis investigates economic implications of procreation and on their basis offers a philosophical argument that sets strict conditions for procreation in the Global North. Firstly, a microeconomic theorization of procreative decision-making is linked to further microeconomic implications of procreation to offer a microeconomic analysis of procreation. Secondly, negative macroeconomic implications of below-replacement fertility in countries in the Global North are presented. Thirdly, it is shown that economic justifications alone do not provide sufficient justification for procreative intentions. Moreover, by utilizing the concept of carbon impact, a precept to limit one's family size on environmental grounds is stated. This precept is used to establish a novel concept of global justification for procreation. An argument from harm is used to argue for a concept of local justification for procreation. Lastly, an account of valid local and global justifications is given. By doing so, this thesis provides a strong moral argument against procreation in the Global North if the criteria of local and global justification laid out...
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Thailand in Regional and Bilateral Free Trade Agreements
Rattanaphan, Chalakorn ; Janda, Karel (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
The Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) and the bilateral Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) have increasingly been a new wave of international trade around the world. The countries who seek to establish these agreements, be regionally or bilaterally, realize that the trade agreements are in fact tools to increase trade with their trading partners, to extend and expand their foreign markets, as well as to encourage foreign investments but the overall goal is to strengthen economic tie with the trading partners. Thailand is considered a young and new player in free trade agreements. Given the fact that Thai government's trade policy has been quite ambitious and proactive, Thailand has constantly attempted to establish free trade agreements with its important partners around the world. Regarding Thailand's strong support in export-oriented economy, seeking a greater access to foreign markets through free trade agreements is in fact the country's first priority. Thailand's commitment on regional trade agreement under ASEAN Free Trade Area, and bilateral Free Trade Agreements under TAFTA and JTEPA has provided considerable benefits for Thai economy mainly through an increase in export as well as impor. Moreover, the FTAs have proved to increase competitiveness on Thai products which results in an increase of market...
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Role of Foreign Capital Inflows in Economic Development of Pakistan
Ali, Muhammad ; Baxa, Jaromír (vedoucí práce) ; Benáček, Vladimír (oponent)
Tato studie se zabývá významem přílivu zahraničního kapitálu do Pákistánu. V první řadě hledáme jeho determinanty, v druhé se pokoušíme studovat jeho vztah s hospodářským růstem a nakonec zkoumáme jeho dopad na nezaměstnanost, chudobu a nerovnost příjmů. Zahraniční kapitál v této studii se skládá z přímých zahraničních investic, remitencí, zahraniční pomoci a zahraničních dluhů. V kontextu vývoje situace v zemi bychom očekávali, že zahraniční kapitál bude sloužit jako katalyzátor ekonomického růstu a napomůže snížení chudoby a úrovně sociální nerovnosti. Nicméně empirická literatura neposkytuje jednoznačné důkazy, že by k tomu docházelo. Za použití údajů z let 1973-2008 jsme zjistili, že i když růst je klíčovým determinantem zahraničního kapitálu. Má jeho příliv positivní vliv na růst pákistánské ekomomiky. Také jsme zjistili, že zahraniční kapitál pomáhá při vytváření nových pracovních míst. Na snižování chudoby a příjmové nerovnosti je však jeho vliv bezvýznamný. Výsledky výzkumu naznačují, že by se vláda měla zaměřit na takový druh zahraničního kapitálu, který není vázán podmínkami, jež brání ekonomickému rozvoji v zemi. Je také třeba využít potenciálu remitencí k posílení domácího finančního sektoru, ke snížení chudoby a nerovnosti a podpoře růstu.
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Gravity model estimation using panel data - is logarithmic transformation advisable?
Bobková, Božena ; Benáček, Vladimír (vedoucí práce) ; Baruník, Jozef (oponent)
Tato diplomová práce zkoumá otázku, zda odhad gravita ního modelu mezinárodního obchodu zalo eného na logaritmické transformaci modelu je vhodný v p ípad , e odhad je provád n na panelových datech. Odvodili jsme teoreticky, e za p ítomnosti heteroskedasticity pou ití logaritmické transformace zp sobuje nekonsistentnost odhadnutých koeficient . V návaznosti na literaturu jsme doporu ili rad ji Poissonovský druh odhadu pro empirické zkoumání gravita ního modelu. Také jsme provedli empirickou analýzu na eských a n meckých panelových datech, která byla zalo ena na srovnání tradi ní a Poissonovské metody odhadu. Tato analýza potvrdila, e Poissonovský typ odhadu je více vhodný pro odhad koeficient gravita ního modelu.
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