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Assessment of body composition and physical fitness using the ALPHA test battery
Husovská, Andrea ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
The present thesis deals with the influence of body composition on physical fitness. The thesis deals with the issue of increasing prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents. The aim of the thesis is to assess physical fitness in older school-aged children using a validated test battery and to determine the association of physical fitness in these children with their body composition. A total of 52 pupils aged 12-14 years were tested, of whom 34 were girls and 18 were boys. We used a modified Assessing levels of physical activity (ALPHA) test battery to determine the physical fitness of the children and adolescents. We also used a questionnaire survey to determine anthropometric parameters relevant to body composition. For the actual measurement, we used three skinfold measurements, dynamometry, Unifittest (6-60). F-test was used to calculate statistical significance of differences and Cohen's d was calculated to calculate substantive significance. The results showed that girls had higher amount of subcutaneous fat than boys. There was no difference in body weight and body height between girls and boys. Compared to boys, girls had a lower mean time spent in physical activity outside physical education. In conclusion, body composition has a great influence on physical fitness in older...
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Preparatory exercises to eliminate the most common faults in hurdles
Petřík, Pavel ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Kašpar, Ladislav (referee)
Diploma thesis is focused on the mistakes of hurdle running. Technical performance is very often ignored to the exclusion of training intensity and volume. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the technical faults and then describe preliminary exercises that will improve the technical performance of the different parts of hurdle running. In the theoretical part, the readers are introduced to information related to hurdle running (start, technique, rhythmic unit, etc.). In addition, the theoretical part introduces several aspects that lead to improving hurdling performance, such as strength, speed, and other skills. Lastly, the connection between psychology and sport is mentioned, where learning and temperament are mainly discussed. A very peripheral view of the philosophy of sport is mentioned in the thesis. Subsequently, we have taken pictures and analyzed them and named the most common mistakes in hurdling technique. We then applied preliminary exercises for 10 weeks and then took a second picture record. After the intervention program, we verified the athlete's progress. In most cases, the program worked as expected, only in one case the expected result did not occur. The last subchapter deals with the alternative use of obstacle courses in school physical education classes. The thesis then...
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Assessment of the energy cost of florball and flag football
Máchal, Tomáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee)
The thesis elaborates the difficulty of flag football compared to floorball using heart rate measurements. Measurements for each sport were taken with six players in the age range of 18- 37 years old for twenty minutes of the game. Players are active in these sports and were selected after consultation with coaches. The measured values were processed using statistical data analysis and presented through bar graphs. Five load zones were determined for data analysis, using Polar application. The first zone of 50% to 60% of maximum heart rate and each subsequent zone covered values ranging 10% higher. The measurements showed that floorball players reached a significantly higher average heart rate during the game, 153.1 ± 9.4 bpm, compared to the average heart rate of 131 ± 6.7 bpm achieved by flag football players. The floorball players also measured a higher average maximum heart rate, which was 190.5 ± 9.4 beats/min. In flag football players, this value averaged 173.8 ± 8.5 beats/min. Furthermore, the measurements showed that the flag football players spent significantly more time in the lower load zones during the game than the floorball players. Specifically, flag football players spent 25.2% of the time in the first zone, 32.8% of the time in the second zone, 28.5% of the time in the third zone,...
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Analysis of foot arch structure in female sports and fitness aerobics competitors at different competition levels
Stará, Nicol ; Hájková, Jana (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee)
This thesis focuses on the foot arch condition in female sports and fitness aerobics competitors at different competition levels. Our aim is to analyze the condition of the longitudinal plantar arch based on plantographic measurements in a group of female athletes differing in performance and competition category. The work consists of two parts. The theoretical part deals with the description of sports and fitness aerobics by its definition and rules, then it describes the anatomy of the leg, the deformities of the plantar arch and last but not least the methods of plantogram evaluation. The practical part of the thesis deals with the analysis of the foot arch structure in selected female athletes at different performance levels. Specifically, in female athletes of the first performance class, where the number of probands measured totalled 44, and in female athletes of the second performance class, where 46 probands were measured. Subsequently, the total population (N=90) was compared to the general sporting population. The practical part of the study included additional questions for the athletes in the form of a questionnaire regarding the duration of participation in sports aerobics and fitness, performance class, frequency of training blocks, special exercises for the foot arch and the use of...
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Assessment of physical fitness in seniors of Prague 12
Dusová, Veronika ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee)
Assessment of physical fitness in seniors of Prague 12 Abstract: his final thesis is focused on assessment of muscular condition and on an influence of lifestyle on a body composition and muscle strength of upper and lower limbs of seniors. Since the end of the last century there is no longer the aim to prolong human life but its quality improvement. This can be achieved by active lifestyle and regular physical activity. The problem is that older people do not perform movement and consequently they lose muscle mass quickly. That is why it is important to focus on the rating of muscular apparatus and strength. This thesis deals with basic age attributes. It explains the higher level of muscle productivity and physical activities. It also warns about the consequences of the passive way of life. The main goal of this thesis is the evaluation of the current level of muscle productivity of the elderly sample of Prague 12. The partial goal is to evaluate self-sufficiency and independence of a research group. This research group was formed by nine senior women aged from 70 to 85 and by four men aged from 71 to 82. The thesis evaluates overall participants muscle productivity related to their lifestyle and self sufficiency. The research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative part...
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The effect of swimming training on children with skin problems
Kleinerová, Kateřina ; Svobodová, Irena (advisor) ; Jandová, Soňa (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on children of early school age who have undergone mandatory swimming training in pools with various water disinfection methods, specifically chlorine, salt, and UV+. The aim of the thesis is to analyse how this swimming instruction affects children with different skin conditions, such as dry skin, atopic eczema, psoriasis, and plantar warts. The research was conducted at three different primary schools, each of which visited a different swimming pool with a distinct water treatment method during the swimming lessons. A total of 348 students participated in the research, including 172 girls and 176 boys from the 3rd and 4th grades, aged 8 to 11. The research utilized the method of quantitative personal interviewing and the method of qualitative observation. The theoretical part delves into swimming, swimming instruction, water treatment methods in swimming pools, and selected skin diseases. The practical part outlines the research findings. The obtained results demonstrated that skin dryness was observed in 35.4% of students from all three schools participating in swimming lessons. Skin dryness manifested in 26.5% of students in the chlorinated pool, in 46.2% of students in the salt-treated pool, and in 34.6% of students in the UV+ pool. The exacerbation of atopic eczema...
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Flat foot evaluation in sports dancers
Meruňková, Adéla ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of high heels in competitive dancing. The goal was to determine the percentage of flat feet in competitive dancers and focus on the influence of BMI. The research engaged 48 competitive dancers and consisted of a questionnaire survey and feet measuring with a strain gauge plate - FootScan® (RSscan International, Belgium). Dancers were from the dance club Hes. Overall there were 26 female and 22 male participants. The age ranged from 18 to 30 years with at least 3 months of dance experience. The average age of all female participants in the group (N=26) was 22.38 ± 2.97 years and of the male participants in the group (N=22) was 24.14 ± 3.58 years. The average height for women was 1.62 ± 0.126 m and for men 1.8 ± 0.064 m. The average weight was found to be 58.85 ± 4.79 kg for women and 73.27 ± 11.96 kg for men. Out of that, 25 % focus on Standard dancing, 8 % on Latin dancing, and 67 % on Ballroom dancing, which means they are competing in both disciplines. On average, women train for 7,7 hours a week, and men for 8,9 hours a week. The queried women have been dancing for an average of 4,8 years and men for 5,3 years. Of the 48 dancers, 73 % were flat-footed, 10 % were high-footed, and 13% had normal feet. Two participants could not be placed in any group as...
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Flat foot evaluation in older school-age children and proposal for an intervention programm
Havelková, Veronika ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Hájková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis is devoted to the issue of flat feet in children of older school-age. The aim of the work was to find out and evaluate the occurrence of this deformity in children and subsequently to create a proposal for an intervention programme that will be applicable in the teaching of Physical Education in schools. The research was carried out at Na Balabence Elementary School and 21 boys and 36 girls aged between 11 and 16 years old participated in it. We used the FootScan® tensometric plate (RSscan International, Belgium) to measure flat feet. The obtained results showed that 42.86 % of the boys have a normal foot condition, 52.38 % have flat feet and 4.76 % of the boys have a high foot. In girls, we measured 38.89 % with normal and 61.11 % with flat feet. According to next calculations, we found that there is no clearly demonstrable linear dependence between the occurrence of flat feet and the weight-height ratio. When compiling the exercises for the intervention programme, we used the knowledge obtained from the previous literature research. We chose exercises that are not demanding of technical performance due to the possibility of inclusion in physical education classes. Verification of its functionality will be the subject of the final thesis within the framework of the Master's study.
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Flat feet occurrence in university students regarding to previous sports activities
Puchmertlová, Magdalena ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Janošková, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis addresses the topic of flatfoot in physical education students. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether the selected students' previous physical activity has an influence on the occurrence of flat feet. A questionnaire survey was conducted on a group of women (n=47) and men (n=24), with an average age of 22 ± 2 years, height of 1.72 ± 0.09 m, weight of 66 ± 12 kg and an average EU numbering foot size of 40 ± 2.5. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain data on previous and current sporting activity, the types of footwear used during training, the health status of the individual and the use of compensatory methods. Furthermore, we performed flatfoot measurements using the FootScan® strain gauge plate (RSscan International, Belgium). The results showed that 72.9 % of women had a normal foot, 22.9% had a flat foot and 4.2% had a high foot; in men, the percentage was 45 % with a normal foot, 50 % with a flat foot and 5 % with a high foot. Furthermore, the contact time of the studied groups did not change and differences were shown mainly in the percentage of loading in the different zones of the foot. The effect of previous sporting activity or weekly sporting load on the incidence of flatfoot was not statistically demonstrated. It will be appropriate to verify this in a...
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Flat feet occurrence in a younger school age
Husovská, Andrea ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Janošková, Hana (referee)
The following bachelor thesis deals with the issue of flat feet in children of younger school age. Nowadays, flat feet happen to be the most common deformity in children which may be diagnosed by using several methods. One of them is the indexing method which counts the size (toes not included) and the width of the foot in the 5th base metatarsus area. Some systems are able to evaluate a specific type of foot using a particular software. This thesis aims to observe one specific type of foot among a selected group of younger school-aged children. Using a pressure platform, this thesis deals with finding out the percentage occurrence of flat feet. The thesis also focuses on the relationship between the prevalence of flatfoot and BMI. In order to collect the data, Footscan (RS Scan, Belgium) was used. The measuring was undertaken by 32 third grade children from an elementary school in Brandýs (N = 32, age = 9,66 ± 0,68; weight = 32,55± 8,29 kg; height = 137,09 ± 8,05; BMI = 17,02 ± 3,58). The children were divided into three groups according to their foot deformities (natural, flat, high arch). Out of the whole group, there were 13 children (40,6 %) with normal feet, 16 children with flat feet (50 %), and 3 children with a high arch (9,4 %). Thanks to statistical methods, we observed the correlation...
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